High-Definition Multimedia Interface

Un article de Vev.

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Version actuelle

The High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) is a licensable audio/video connector interface for transmitting uncompressed, digital streams. HDMI connects DRM-enforcing digital audio/video sources, such as a set-top box, a HD DVD Disc player, a Blu-ray Disc player, a Personal Computer, a video game console or an AV receiver, to a compatible digital audio device and/or video monitor such as a digital television (DTV). HDMI began to appear in 2006 on consumer HDTV camcorders and high-end digital still cameras.<ref> Robert Silva

  . 
 "
   Samsung Introduces Digital Still Camera with HDMI 
     
 " , About.com
  , April 6, 2006
 
  . Retrieved on 2007-08-02
 . </ref><ref>   Chris Hurd
     
   
  . 
 "
   Canon HV20 camcorder with HDMI 
     
 " , HDV Info Net
  , February 28, 2007
 
  . Retrieved on 2007-08-02
 . </ref>

It represents the DRM alternative to consumer analog standards such as RF (coaxial cable), composite video, S-Video, SCART, component video and VGA, and digital standards such as DVI (DVI-D and DVI-I).

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General notes

HDMI supports, on a single cable, any TV or PC video format, including standard, enhanced or high-definition video, plus multi-channel digital audio. It is independent of the various DTV standards such as ATSC, and DVB (-T,-S,-C), as these are encapsulations of the MPEG movie data streams, which are passed off to a decoder and output as uncompressed video data on HDMI. HDMI encodes the video data into TMDS for transmission digitally over HDMI.

Devices are manufactured to adhere to various versions of the specification, where each version is given a number, such as 1.0 or 1.3. Each subsequent version of the specification uses the same cables, but increases the throughput and/or capabilities of what can be transmitted over the cable. For example, previously, the maximum pixel clock rate of the interface was 165 MHz, sufficient for supporting 1080p at 60 Hz or WUXGA (1920x1200), but HDMI 1.3 increased that to 340 MHz, providing support for WQXGA (2560x1600) and beyond across a single digital link. See also: HDMI Versions.

HDMI also includes support for 8-channel uncompressed digital audio at 192 kHz sample rate with 24 bits/sample as well as any compressed stream such as Dolby Digital, or DTS. HDMI supports up to 8 channels of one-bit audio, such as that used on Super Audio CDs at rates up to 4x that used by Super Audio CD. With version 1.3, HDMI now also supports lossless compressed streams such as Dolby TrueHD and DTS-HD Master Audio.

HDMI is backward-compatible with the single-link Digital Visual Interface carrying digital video (DVI-D or DVI-I, but not DVI-A) used on modern computer monitors and graphics cards. This means that a DVI-D source can drive an HDMI monitor, or vice versa, by means of a suitable adapter or cable, but the audio and remote control features of HDMI will not be available. Additionally, without support for High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection (HDCP) on the display, the signal source may prevent the end user from viewing or recording certain restricted content.

PCs with hardware HDMI output may require software support from Operating Systems such as Windows Vista. Linux currently supports video output through backward-compatibility with DVI.

In the US, HDCP-support is a standard feature on digital TVs with built-in digital (ATSC) tuners. Among the PC-display industry, where computer displays rarely contain built-in tuners, HDCP support is absent from many models. For example, the first LCD monitors with HDMI connectors did not support HDCP, and few compact-LCD monitors (17" or smaller) support HDCP.

The HDMI Founders include consumer electronics manufacturers Hitachi, Matsushita Electric Industrial (Panasonic/National/Quasar), Philips, Sony, Thomson (RCA), Toshiba, and Silicon Image. Digital Content Protection, LLC (a subsidiary of Intel) is providing HDCP for HDMI. In addition, HDMI has the support of major motion picture producers Fox, Universal, Warner Bros., and Disney, and system operators DirecTV and EchoStar (Dish Network) as well as CableLabs and Samsung.

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Specifications

HDMI defines the protocol and electrical specifications for the signaling, as well as the pin-out, electrical and mechanical requirements of the cable and connectors.

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Connectors

The HDMI Specification has expanded to include three connectors, each intended for different markets.

The standard Type A HDMI connector has 19 pins, with bandwidth to support all SDTV, EDTV and HDTV modes and more. The plug outside dimensions are 13.9 mm wide by 4.45 mm high. Type A is electrically compatible with single-link DVI-D.

A higher resolution version called Type B is defined in HDMI 1.0. Type B has 29 pins (21.2 mm wide), allowing it to carry an expanded video channel for use with very high-resolution future displays, such as WQSXGA (3200x2048). Type B is electrically compatible with dual-link DVI-D, but is not in general use.

The Type C mini-connector is intended for portable devices. It is smaller than Type A (10.42 mm by 2.42 mm) but has the same 19-pin configuration.

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Cable

The HDMI cable can be used to carry video, audio, and/or device-controlling signals (CEC). Adaptor cables, from Type A to Type C, are also available.

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TMDS channel

The Transition Minimized Differential Signaling (TMDS) channel:

Carries video, audio, and auxiliary data via one of three modes called the Video Data Period, the Data Island Period, and the Control Period. During the Video Data Period, the pixels of an active video line are transmitted. During the Data Island period (which occurs during the horizontal and vertical blanking intervals), audio and auxiliary data are transmitted within a series of packets. The Control Period occurs between Video and Data Island periods.
Signaling method: Formerly according to DVI 1.0 spec. Single-link (Type A HDMI) or dual-link (Type B HDMI).
Video pixel rate: 25 MHz to 340 MHz (Type A, as of 1.3) or to 680 MHz (Type B). Video formats with rates below 25 MHz (e.g. 13.5 MHz for 480i/NTSC) transmitted using a pixel-repetition scheme. From 24 to 48 bits per pixel can be transferred, regardless of rate. Supports 1080p at rates up to 120 Hz and WQSXGA.<ref name=hdmifaq> HDMI FAQ

. Retrieved on 2007-07-09. </ref>

Pixel encodings: RGB 4:4:4, YCbCr 4:4:4 (8–16 bits per component); YCbCr 4:2:2 (12 bits per component)
Audio sample rates: 32 kHz, 44.1 kHz, 48 kHz, 88.2 kHz, 96 kHz, 176.4 kHz, 192 kHz.
Audio channels: up to 8.
Audio streams: any IEC61937-compliant stream, including high bitrate (lossless) streams (Dolby TrueHD, DTS-HD Master Audio).

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Consumer Electronics Control channel

The Consumer Electronics Control (CEC) channel is optional to implement, but wiring is mandatory. The channel:

Uses the industry standard AV Link protocol.
Used for remote control functions.
One-wire bidirectional serial bus.
Defined in HDMI Specification 1.0, updated in HDMI 1.2a, and again in 1.3a (added timer and audio commands).

This feature is used in two ways:

To allow the user to command and control multiple CEC-enabled boxes with one remote control, and
To allow individual CEC-enabled boxes to command and control each other, without user intervention.

An example of the latter is to allow the DVD player, when the drawer closes with a disk, to command the TV and the intervening A/V Receiver (all with CEC) to power-up, select the appropriate HDMI ports, and auto-negotiate the proper video mode and audio mode. No remote control command is needed. Similarly, this type of equipment can be programmed to return to sleep mode when the movie ends, perhaps by checking the real-time clock. For example, if it is later than 11:00 p.m., and the user does not specifically command the systems with the remote control, then the systems all turn off at the command from the DVD player.

Alternative names for CEC are Anynet (Samsung), Aquos Link (Sharp), BRAVIA Theatre Sync (Sony), Regza Link (Toshiba), RIHD (Onkyo), Simplink (LG) and Viera Link/EZ-Sync (Panasonic/JVC).

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Content restriction

According to High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection (HDCP) Specification 1.2.
Beginning with HDMI CTS 1.3a, any system which implements HDCP must do so in a fully-compliant manner. HDCP compliance is itself part of the requirements for HDMI compliance.<ref>Read HDMI 1.3a Specification 1.3a Section 9.2.</ref><ref>Read HDMI CTS 1.3a Section 10.</ref>
The HDMI repeater bit, technically the HDCP repeater bit, controls the authentication and switching/distribution of an HDMI signal.

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Versions

Devices are manufactured to adhere to various versions of the specification, where each version is given a revision number. Each subsequent version of the specification uses the same cables, but increases the throughput and capabilities of what can be transmitted over that cable. The need for a new HDMI cable if you already have one really depends on the cable (which also has a HDMI rating). The main thing to consider is if any current cable would be able to handle the increased bandwidth—for example the 10.2 Gbit/s that comes with version 1.3. Cable compliance testing is included in the HDMI Compliance Test Specification (see TESTID 5-3), with "Category 1" and "Category 2" defined in the HDMI Specification 1.3a (Section 4.2.6).

A product listed as having an HDMI version does not necessarily mean that it will have all of the features listed under the version classification: indeed, some of the features are optional. For example, in HDMI v1.3 it is optional to support the xvYCC wide color standard. This means if you have bought a camcorder that supports the wide color space (which for example is branded by Sony as "x.v.Color") you have to specifically check that the display supports both HDMI v1.3 and the xvYCC wide color standard.

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HDMI 1.0

Released December 2002.

Single-cable digital audio/video connection with a maximum bitrate of 4.9 Gbit/s. Supports up to 165 Mpixel/s video (1080p60 Hz or UXGA) and 8-channel/192 kHz/24-bit audio.

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HDMI 1.1

Released May 2004.

Added support for DVD Audio.

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HDMI 1.2

Released August 2005.

Added support for One Bit Audio, used on Super Audio CDs, up to 8 channels.
Availability of HDMI Type A connector for PC sources.
Ability for PC sources to use native RGB color-space while retaining the option to support the YCbCr CE color space.
Requirement for HDMI 1.2 and later displays to support low-voltage sources.

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HDMI 1.2a

Released December 2005.

Fully specifies Consumer Electronic Control (CEC) features, command sets, and CEC compliance tests.

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HDMI 1.3

Released 22 June 2006.<ref> HDMI 1.3 Press Release

.</ref><ref> Joseph Palenchar

  . 
 "
   HDMI 1.3 Connections Due By Year End 
     
 " , TWICE
  , June 19, 2006
 
  . Retrieved on 2007-08-02
 . </ref>

Increases single-link bandwidth to 340 MHz (10.2 Gbit/s)
Optionally supports 30-bit, 36-bit, and 48-bit xvYCC with Deep Color or over one billion colors, up from 24-bit sRGB or YCbCr in previous versions.
Incorporates automatic audio syncing (Audio video sync) capability.
Optionally supports output of Dolby TrueHD and DTS-HD Master Audio streams for external decoding by AV receivers.<ref> HDMI Part 5 - Audio in HDMI Versions

. HDTVMagazine.com 
 
 (August 8, 2006)

. Retrieved on 2007-08-02. </ref> TrueHD and DTS-HD are lossless audio codec formats used on HD DVDs and Blu-ray Discs. If the disc player can decode these streams into uncompressed audio, then HDMI 1.3 is not necessary, as all versions of HDMI can transport uncompressed audio.

Availability of a new mini connector for devices such as camcorders.<ref> Pics of the HDMI-mini connector

.</ref>

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HDMI 1.3a

Released 10 November 2006.<ref>HDMI Licensing, LLC announced the release of version 1.3a of both HDMI Spec and Compliance Test Spec. Allion (November 24, 2006). (Web archive)</ref>

Cable and Sink modifications for Type C
Source termination recommendation
Removed undershoot and maximum rise/fall time limits.
CEC capacitance limits changed
RGB video quantization range clarification
CEC commands for timer control brought back in an altered form, audio control commands added.
Concurrently released compliance test specification included.

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HDMI 1.3b

Released 7 October 2007. <ref>[http://news.thomasnet.com/companystory/533940</ref>

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Cable length

The HDMI specification does not define a maximum cable length. As with all cables, signal attenuation becomes too high at a certain length. Instead, HDMI specifies a minimum performance standard. Any cable meeting that specification is compliant. Different construction quality and materials will enable cables of different lengths. In addition, higher performance requirements must be met to support video formats with higher resolutions and/or frame rates than the standard HDTV formats.

The signal attenuation and intersymbol interference caused by the cables can be compensated by using Adaptive Equalization.

HDMI 1.3 defined two categories of cables: Category 1 (standard or HDTV) and Category 2 (high-speed or greater than HDTV) to reduce the confusion about which cables support which video formats. Using 28 AWG, a cable of about 5 metres (~16 ft) can be manufactured easily and inexpensively to Category 1 specifications. Higher-quality construction (24 AWG, tighter construction tolerances, etc.) can reach lengths of 12 to 15 metres (~39 to 49 ft). In addition, active cables (fiber optic or dual Cat-5 cables instead of standard copper) can be used to extend HDMI to 100 metres or more. Some companies also offer amplifiers, equalizers and repeaters that can string several standard (non-active) HDMI cables together.

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HDMI and high-definition optical media players

Both introduced in 2006, Blu-ray Disc and HD DVD offer new high-fidelity audio features that require HDMI for best results. Dolby Digital Plus (DD+), Dolby TrueHD and DTS-HD Master Audio use bitrates exceeding TOSLINK's capacity. HDMI 1.3 can transport DD+, TrueHD, and DTS-HD bitstreams in compressed form. This capability would allow a preprocessor or audio/video receiver with the necessary decoder to decode the data itself, but has limited usefulness for HD DVD and Blu-ray.

HD DVD and Blu-ray permit "interactive audio", where the disc-content tells the player to mix multiple audio sources together, before final output. Consequently, most players will handle audio-decoding internally, and simply output LPCM audio all the time. Multichannel LPCM can be transported over an HDMI 1.1 (or higher) connection. As long as the audio/video receiver (or preprocessor) supports multi-channel LPCM audio over HDMI, and supports HDCP, the audio reproduction is equal in resolution to HDMI 1.3. However, many of the cheapest AV receivers do not support audio over HDMI and are often labeled as "HDMI passthrough" devices.

Note that not all of the features of an HDMI version may be implemented in products adhering to that version since certain features of HDMI, such as Deep Color and xvYCC support, are optional.

HDMI revision	1.0	1.1	1.2/1.2a	1.3/1.3a/1.3b
Maximum signal bandwidth (MHz)	165	165	165	Modèle:Yes
Maximum TMDS bandwidth (Gbit/s)	4.95	4.95	4.95	Modèle:Yes
Maximum video bandwidth (Gbit/s)	3.96	3.96	3.96	Modèle:Yes
Maximum audio bandwidth (Mbit/s)	36.86	36.86	36.86	36.86
Resolutions possible over single link HDMI at 24bits per pixel	1920x1080p60	1920x1080p60	1920x1080p60	Modèle:Yes
RGB	Modèle:Yes	Modèle:Yes	Modèle:Yes	Modèle:Yes
YCbCr	Modèle:Yes	Modèle:Yes	Modèle:Yes	Modèle:Yes
xvYCC	Modèle:No	Modèle:No	Modèle:No	Modèle:Yes
Deep Color	Modèle:No	Modèle:No	Modèle:No	Modèle:Yes
Maximum Color Depth (bits per pixel)	24	24	24	Modèle:Yes
Consumer Electronic Control (CEC)**	Modèle:Yes	Modèle:Yes	Modèle:Yes	Modèle:Yes
Updated list of CEC commands***	Modèle:No	Modèle:No	Modèle:No	Modèle:No {1.3a-yes)
Auto lip-sync	Modèle:No	Modèle:No	Modèle:No	Modèle:Yes
8channel/192 kHz/24-bit audio capability	Modèle:Yes	Modèle:Yes	Modèle:Yes	Modèle:Yes
DVD-A support	Modèle:No	Modèle:Yes	Modèle:Yes	Modèle:Yes
SACD (DSD) support ****	Modèle:No	Modèle:No	Modèle:Yes	Modèle:Yes
Dolby TrueHD bitstream capable	Modèle:No	Modèle:No	Modèle:No	Modèle:Yes
DTS-HD Master Audio bitstream capable	Modèle:No	Modèle:No	Modèle:No	Modèle:Yes
Blu-ray/HD DVD video and audio at full resolution*****	Modèle:Yes	Modèle:Yes	Modèle:Yes	Modèle:Yes

* = 36-bit support is mandatory for Deep Color compatible CE devices with 48-bit support being optional.

** = CEC has been in the HDMI specification since version 1.0 but has only begun to be used in CE products with HDMI version 1.3.

*** = Large number of additions and clarifications for CEC commands. One addition is CEC command allowing for volume control of an AV receiver.

**** = Playback of SACD may be possible for older revisions if the signal source (such as the Oppo 970) converts to LPCM. For those receivers that have only PCM DAC converters and not DSD, this means that no additional resolution loss occurs.

***** = Even for audio bitstream formats that a given HDMI revision can not transport, it may still be possible to decode the bitstream in the player and transmit the audio as LPCM.

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Criticism

Modèle:Expand

Image:Question book-3.svg

This section does not cite any references or sources.
Please improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unverifiable material may be challenged and removed. (August 2007)

Another criticism of HDMI is that the connectors are not as robust as previous display connectors. Currently most devices with HDMI capability are utilizing surface-mount connectors rather than through-hole or reinforced connectors, making them more susceptible to damage from exterior forces. Tripping over a cable plugged into an HDMI port can easily cause damage to that port.

In addition, HDMI is criticized, especially by systems installers, for its lack of any locking or securing mechanism built-into its connectors (such as those incorporated into DVI and BNC connectors). As such, HDMI connectors are easily inadvertently disconnected and, worse, the plug and connector are more prone to physical and/or electrical damage. Third-party HDMI locking mechanisms are available, but these are rare and expensive.

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Cable price gouging

Opportunistic cable manufacturers have marketed electrically identical 6-foot cables for as little as 10 dollars, all the way up to 200 dollars. Because the digital datastream is less susceptible to interference than its analog equivalent, the picture quality is similar on properly functioning cables, regardless of price, especially for short cables. <ref>Ars Technica HDMI Cable Shopping Guide retrieved 28 Nov 2007</ref>

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Closed captioning problems

Although an HDMI display is allowed to define a 'native mode' for video, which could expand the active line count to encompass Line 21, most MPEG decoders cannot format a digital video stream to include extra lines—they send only vertical blanking. Even if it were possible, the closed captioning character codes would have to be encoded in some way into the pixel values in Line 21. This would then require the receiver logic in the display to decode those codes and construct the captions.

It is possible, although not standardized, that some measure of content in text form can be transmitted from Source to Sink using CEC commands, or using InfoFrame packets. Again, as there is no standardized format for such data it would likely only work between a source and sink system from the same manufacturer. Such uniqueness goes against the standardization mission of HDMI, which is focused in part on interoperability.

Of course, it is possible that a future enhancement of the HDMI Specification may encompass closed caption transport.

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References and notes

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External links

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High-Definition Multimedia Interface

Un article de Vev.

Version actuelle

Sommaire

General notes

Specifications

Connectors

Cable

TMDS channel

Consumer Electronics Control channel

Content restriction

Versions

HDMI 1.0

HDMI 1.1

HDMI 1.2

HDMI 1.2a

HDMI 1.3

HDMI 1.3a

HDMI 1.3b

Cable length

HDMI and high-definition optical media players

Criticism

Cable price gouging

Closed captioning problems

See also

References and notes

External links

Views

Outils personnels

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Boîte à outils

-[[Image:High Definition Multimedia Interface Plug.jpg|right|thumbnail|320px|Connecteur HDMI]]
+{{Infobox connector
-Le '''High Definition Multimedia Interface''' (HDMI) est une interface audio/vidéo entièrement numérique pour transmettre des flux chiffrés non compressés. Le HDMI permet de connecter une source audio/vidéo [[Gestion numérique des droits|DRM]] - comme un lecteur [[HD-DVD]] ou [[Blu-Ray]], un ordinateur ou une console de jeu - avec un récepteur compatible - tel qu'un téléviseur [[Haute définition|HD]].
+|name=High-Definition Multimedia Interface
+|type=Digital audio/video connector
+|image=[[Image:High Definition Multimedia Interface Plug.jpg|150px]]
+|logo=[[Image:HDMI Logo.svg|right|151px]]
+|caption=HDMI cable and HDMI official logo
+|designer=The HDMI group
+|design_date=December 2002
+|manufacturer=Various
+|production_date=2003
+|superseded=
+|superseded_by=
+|superseded_by_date=
+|external=Yes
+|hotplug=Yes
+|length=
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+|ground=
+|maximum_voltage=
+|maximum_current=
+|audio_signal=[[PCM]], [[DVD-Audio]], [[Super Audio CD]], [[Dolby TrueHD]], [[Digital Theater System#DTS variants|DTS-HD Master Audio]]
+|video_signal=[[480i]], [[480p]], [[576i]], [[576p]], [[720p]], [[1080i]], [[1080p]], [[1440p]], etc.
+|data_signal=
+|data_bit_width=
+|data_bandwidth=10.2&nbsp;Gbit/s at 340&nbsp;Mpixel/s
+|data_devices=
+|data_style=
+|physical_connector=
+|num_pins=19
+|pinout_image=[[Image:HDMI Connector Pinout.svg|310px]]
+|pinout_caption=Type A (Female) HDMI
+|pin1=
+|pin1_name=TMDS Data2+
+|pin2=
+|pin2_name=TMDS Data2 Shield
+|pin3=
+|pin3_name=TMDS Data2–
+|pin4=
+|pin4_name=TMDS Data1+
+|pin5=
+|pin5_name=TMDS Data1 Shield
+|pin6=
+|pin6_name=TMDS Data1–
+|pin7=
+|pin7_name=TMDS Data0+
+|pin8=
+|pin8_name=TMDS Data0 Shield
+|pin9=
+|pin9_name=TMDS Data0–
+|pin10=
+|pin10_name=TMDS Clock+
+|pin11=
+|pin11_name=TMDS Clock Shield
+|pin12=
+|pin12_name=TMDS Clock–
+|pin13=
+|pin13_name=CEC
+|pin14=
+|pin14_name=Reserved (N.C. on device)
+|pin15=
+|pin15_name=SCL
+|pin16=
+|pin16_name=SDA
+|pin17=
+|pin17_name=DDC/CEC Ground
+|pin18=
+|pin18_name=+5 V Power
+|pin19=
+|pin19_name=Hot Plug Detect
+|pin20=
+|pin20_name=
+|pin21=
+|pin21_name=
+|pin22=
+|pin22_name=
+|pin23=
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+|pin24=
+|pin24_name=
+|pin25=
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+|pin26=
+|pin26_name=
+|pin27=
+|pin27_name=
+|pin28=
+|pin28_name=
+|pin29=
+|pin29_name=
+|pin30=
+|pin30_name=
+|pin31=
+|pin31_name=
+|pin_custom1_name=
+|pin_name_custom1=
+|pin_custom1=
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+|pin_name_custom2=
+|pin_custom2=
+|pin_custom3_name=
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+|pin_name_custom4=
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+|pin_custom5_name=
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+|pin_custom6_name=
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+|pin_name_custom8=
+|pin_custom8=
+|pinout_notes=
+}}
-Le but est donc de remplacer les normes analogiques comme la [[péritel]] (SCART), ou la [[S-Vidéo]] ou numériques.
+The '''High-Definition Multimedia Interface''' ('''HDMI''') is a licensable audio/video connector interface for transmitting uncompressed, digital streams.  HDMI connects [[Digital rights management|DRM]]-enforcing digital audio/video sources, such as a [[set-top box]], a [[HD DVD]] Disc player, a [[Blu-ray Disc]] player, a [[Personal computer|Personal Computer]], a [[video game console]] or an [[AV receiver]], to a compatible [[digital audio]] device and/or [[video monitor]] such as a [[digital television]] (DTV). HDMI began to appear in 2006 on [[consumer]] [[HDTV]] [[camcorders]] and high-end [[digital still camera]]s.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://hometheater.about.com/b/a/257088.htm |title=Samsung Introduces Digital Still Camera with HDMI |publisher=About.com |author=Robert Silva |date=April 6, 2006 |accessdate=2007-08-02}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Canon HV20 camcorder with HDMI |publisher=HDV Info Net |url=http://www.hdvinfo.net/articles/canon/hv20overview.php |author=Chris Hurd |date=February 28, 2007 |accessdate=2007-08-02}}</ref>
-HDMI supporte n'importe quel format de vidéo, incluant la définition standard, améliorée et haute définition ainsi que le son multi-canal, le tout sur un seul câble.
+It represents the [[Digital Rights Management|DRM]] alternative to consumer analog standards such as [[Radio frequency|RF]] ([[coaxial cable]]), [[composite video]], [[S-Video]], [[SCART]], [[component video]] and [[VGA]], and digital standards such as [[DVI]] (DVI-D and DVI-I).
-Il est indépendant des différentes normes de transmission de la TV digitale comme la [[Télévision numérique terrestre]], ou la télévision numérique par satellite.
+==General notes==
+HDMI supports, on a single cable, any [[TV]] or [[Personal computer|PC]] video format, including standard, enhanced or [[high-definition video]], plus multi-channel digital audio. It is independent of the various [[Digital television|DTV]] standards such as [[ATSC Standards|ATSC]], and [[Digital Video Broadcasting|DVB]] ([[DVB-T|-T]],[[DVB-S|-S]],[[DVB-C|-C]]), as these are encapsulations of the [[MPEG]] movie data streams, which are passed off to a decoder and output as uncompressed video data on HDMI. HDMI encodes the video data into [[Transition Minimized Differential Signaling|TMDS]] for transmission digitally over HDMI.
-HDMI encapsule les données vidéo par [[TMDS]] pour la transmission des données.
+Devices are manufactured to adhere to various versions of the specification, where each version is given a number, such as ''1.0'' or ''1.3''. Each subsequent version of the specification uses the same cables, but increases the [[throughput]] and/or capabilities of what can be transmitted over the cable. For example, previously, the maximum pixel clock rate of the interface was 165&nbsp;MHz, sufficient for supporting [[1080p]] at 60&nbsp;Hz or [[WUXGA]] (1920x1200), but HDMI 1.3 increased that to 340&nbsp;MHz, providing support for [[WQXGA]] (2560x1600) and beyond across a single digital link. ''See also: [[#Versions|HDMI Versions]]''.
-Au départ, le taux de transmission maximal était de 165Mpixel/s, suffisant pour assurer la résolution de 1080p à 60Hz ou de la norme [[UXGA]] (1600x1200), mais la norme HDMI 1.3 a permis d'augmenter la transmission jusqu'à 340 Mpixel/s.
-HDMI permet aussi la transmission du son jusqu'à 8 canaux non compressés sur un taux d'échantillon de 192KHz avec 24bit/échantillon ainsi que le support de flux audio compressés comme le [[Digital Theater Systems|DTS]] et le [[Dolby Digital]].
+HDMI also includes support for 8-channel uncompressed digital audio at 192&nbsp;kHz sample rate with 24 bits/sample as well as any compressed stream such as [[Dolby Digital]], or [[Digital Theater System|DTS]]. HDMI supports up to 8 channels of one-bit audio, such as that used on [[Super Audio CD]]s at rates up to 4x that used by Super Audio CD. With version 1.3, HDMI now also supports lossless compressed streams such as [[Dolby TrueHD]] and [[Digital Theater System#DTS variants|DTS-HD Master Audio]].
-Il offre, de plus, le support du format Super Audio CD (SACD) avec des taux pouvant atteindre 4 fois le taux du SACD.
-La norme HDMI 1.3 apporte enfin le support de flux audio de très haute qualité -sans perte de qualité (lossless)- tels que le [[Dolby|Dolby True HD]] et le [[Digital Theater Systems|DTS-HD Master Audio]].
-Le connecteur HDMI standard de Type A comporte 19 broches, et une version de connecteur permettant une résolution supérieure appelé connecteur type B a aussi été définie. Le connecteur type B possède 29 broches lui permettant de supporter de très hautes résolutions pour les écrans à venir. Il est destiné aux résolutions supérieures au [[WQSXGA]] (3200x2048).
+HDMI is [[Backward compatibility|backward-compatible]] with the single-link [[Digital Visual Interface]] carrying digital video (DVI-D or DVI-I, but not DVI-A) used on modern computer monitors and graphics cards. This means that a DVI-D source can drive an HDMI monitor, or vice versa, by means of a suitable adapter or cable, but the audio and remote control features of HDMI will not be available. Additionally, without support for [[High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection]] (HDCP) on the display, the signal source may prevent the end user from viewing or recording certain restricted content.
-Le Type A est rétro-compatible avec le [[Digital Visual Interface|DVI]] Single-link (DVI-D, DVI-I mais pas DVI-A) qui est largement utilisé dans les moniteurs d'ordinateurs et les cartes graphiques. Cela signifie qu'un émetteur utilisant la norme DVI-D peut diriger un écran à la norme HDMI -avec un adaptateur-, et vice et versa, mais les caractéristiques en matière de transport audio et de contrôle à distance propres au HDMI ne pourront être utilisées. De surcroît, sans le support du [[HDCP]] de l'émetteur et/ou du récepteur, l'utilisateur ne pourra pas profiter de contenu protégé dans des conditions optimales.
+[[Personal computer|PCs]] with hardware HDMI output may require software support from [[Operating System]]s such as [[Windows Vista]]. [[Linux]] currently supports video output through backward-compatibility with [[DVI]].
-Le type B est, de manière similaire, rétro-compatible avec le Dual-link DVI.
-Les fondateurs du HDMI sont composés des fabricants de produits électroniques suivants : [[Hitachi]], [[Matsushita]] Electric Industrial ([[Panasonic]]/National/Quasar), [[Philips]], [[Sony]], [[Thomson (entreprise française)|Thomson (RCA)]], [[Toshiba]], et [[Silicon Image]]. [[Digital Content Protection]], [[LLC]] (filiale d'[[Intel]]) définit les spécifications du [[HDCP]] pour le HDMI.
+In the US, HDCP-support is a standard feature on digital TVs with built-in digital (ATSC) tuners. Among the PC-display industry, where computer displays rarely contain built-in tuners, HDCP support is absent from many models. For example, the first LCD monitors with HDMI connectors did not support HDCP, and few compact-LCD monitors (17" or smaller) support HDCP.
-HDMI a le soutien des principaux studios de production comme [[Fox Entertainment Group|Fox]], [[Universal Pictures Group|Universal]], [[Warner Bros. Entertainment|Warner]] et [[Buena Vista Motion Pictures Group|Disney]].
-==Spécifications==
+The HDMI Founders include consumer electronics manufacturers [[Hitachi, Ltd.|Hitachi]], [[Matsushita Electric Industrial]] ([[Panasonic]]/[[National (brand)|National]]/[[Quasar (brand)|Quasar]]), [[Philips]], [[Sony]], [[Thomson SA|Thomson (RCA)]], [[Toshiba]], and [[Silicon Image]]. [[Digital Content Protection]], LLC (a subsidiary of [[Intel]]) is providing [[HDCP]] for HDMI. In addition, HDMI has the support of major motion picture producers [[20th century Fox|Fox]], [[Universal Studios|Universal]], [[Warner Bros.]], and [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]], and system operators [[DirecTV]] and [[EchoStar Communications Corporation|EchoStar]] ([[Dish Network]]) as well as [[CableLabs]] and [[Samsung Electronics|Samsung]].
-===Formats vidéos supportés===
-'''SDTV''' (Standard Definition TV) :
-   * 720x480i ([[NTSC]])
-   * 720x576i ([[Phase Alternated Line|PAL]])
-'''[[EDTV]]''' (Enhanced Definition TV) :
-   * 640x480p ([[Video Graphics Array|VGA]])
-   * 720x480p ([[NTSC]] Progressif)
-   * 720*576p ([[Phase Alternated Line|PAL]] Progressif)
-'''[[HDTV]]''' (High Definition Television):
-   * 1280x720p ("[[720p]]")
-   * 1920x1080i ("[[1080i]]")
-   * 1920x1080p ("[[1080p]]")
-L'intérêt du HDMI se porte donc pour les trois définitions de la HDTV même si les autres résolutions sont possibles. Particulièrement si l'un des protagonistes de la chaîne HD ne respecte pas les spécifications requises en terme de matériel et/ou de contenu protégé.
+==Specifications==
+HDMI defines the protocol and electrical specifications for the signaling, as well as the pin-out, electrical and mechanical requirements of the cable and connectors.
+===Connectors===
+The HDMI Specification has expanded to include three connectors, each intended for different markets.
-Note : '''''p''''' veut dire progressif - '''''i''''' veut dire entrelacé (interlaced) -
+The standard Type A HDMI connector has 19 pins, with bandwidth to support all [[SDTV]], [[EDTV]] and [[HDTV]] modes and more. The plug outside dimensions are 13.9&nbsp;mm wide by 4.45&nbsp;mm high. Type A is electrically compatible with single-link DVI-D.
-*La version 1.3 permet en outre un transfert en 10 bits vidéo par couleur et offre ainsi une plus grande palette de couleurs. Cette révision apporte le support de 48bit de profondeur des couleurs.
+A higher resolution version called Type B is defined in HDMI 1.0. Type B has 29 pins (21.2&nbsp;mm wide), allowing it to carry an expanded video channel for use with very high-resolution future displays, such as [[WQSXGA]] (3200x2048). Type B is electrically compatible with dual-link DVI-D, but is not in general use.
-*Taux de transfert de la vidéo : 25 MHz à 340 MHz (Type A, norme 1.3) et jusqu'à 680 MHz (Type B). Les formats vidéos avec des taux de transferts en dessous de  25 MHz (ex : 13.5 MHz pour 480i/NTSC) sont transmis en utilisant un schéma de répétition des pixels.
-*Le taux de rafraîchissement peut atteindre 120Hz.
-===Formats audio supportés===
+The Type C mini-connector is intended for portable devices. It is smaller than Type A (10.42&nbsp;mm by 2.42&nbsp;mm) but has the same 19-pin configuration.
-*Non compressé (PCM) : audio PCM jusqu'à 8 canaux à 24bit de taux d'échantillonnage et jusqu'à la fréquence de 192 kHz.
-*Compressé : support de tous les formats compressés courants ; Dolby Digital 5.1 - 7.1, DTS etc.
-*SACD
-*DVD-Audio (concurrent du SACD) : depuis HDMI 1.1
-*Sans perte de qualité (Lossless) : HDMI supporte le Dolby TrueHD et le DTS-HD Master Audio que l'on retrouve dans les formats HD-DVD et Blu-Ray.
-===[[Transition Minimized Differential Signaling]] : TMDS===
+===Cable===
-Technologie développée par [[Silicon Image]], elle permet de transférer de très grandes quantités de données à travers un câble blindé.
+The HDMI cable can be used to carry video, audio, and/or device-controlling signals (CEC). Adaptor cables, from Type A to Type C, are also available.
-Dans un câble HDMI, il y a trois canaux TMDS séparés, chacun capable de transférer des données jusqu' à 3,4 Gbps - ce qui amène à un total de 10,2 Gbps.
-HDMI 1.3 a doublé la fréquence de transmission passant de 165 MHz à 340 MHz. Cela a permis de passer de 4,95 Gbps à la bande passante de 10,2 Gbps.
-Un canal d'horloge TMDS permet la temporalisation du flux de données et ainsi assurer l'intégrité du message même sur de longs câbles.
-===[[Display Data Channel|DDC]] channel : Canal de données d'affichage===
+===TMDS channel===
-*Permet à l'émetteur (ex: une carte graphique) d'interroger le destinataire (ex: une TV HD) sur ses capacités d'affichage
+The [[Transition Minimized Differential Signaling]] (TMDS) channel:
-*Utilisation du protocole I²C (Inter Integrated Circuit) à une vitesse d'horloge de 100 kHz.
+*Carries video, audio, and auxiliary data via one of three modes called the ''Video Data Period'', the ''Data Island Period'', and the ''Control Period''. During the Video Data Period, the pixels of an active video line are transmitted. During the Data Island period (which occurs during the horizontal and vertical blanking intervals), audio and auxiliary data are transmitted within a series of packets. The Control Period occurs between Video and Data Island periods.
-*Structure des informations sur l'affichage par EDID (''Extended Display Identification Data'') définie par la VESA.
+*Signaling method: Formerly according to DVI 1.0 spec. Single-link (Type A HDMI) or dual-link (Type B HDMI).
+*Video pixel rate: 25&nbsp;MHz to 340&nbsp;MHz (Type A, as of 1.3) or to 680&nbsp;MHz (Type B). Video formats with rates below 25&nbsp;MHz (e.g. 13.5&nbsp;MHz for 480i/NTSC) transmitted using a pixel-repetition scheme. From 24 to 48 bits per pixel can be transferred, regardless of rate. Supports 1080p at rates up to 120&nbsp;Hz and WQSXGA.<ref name=hdmifaq>{{cite web|url=http://www.hdmi.org/learningcenter/faq.aspx|title=HDMI FAQ|accessdate=2007-07-09}}</ref>
+*Pixel encodings: [[RGB]] 4:4:4, YCbCr 4:4:4 (8–16 bits per component); YCbCr 4:2:2 (12 bits per component)
+*Audio sample rates: 32&nbsp;kHz, 44.1&nbsp;kHz, 48&nbsp;kHz, 88.2&nbsp;kHz, 96&nbsp;kHz, 176.4&nbsp;kHz, 192&nbsp;kHz.
+*Audio channels: up to 8.
+*Audio streams: any IEC61937-compliant stream, including high bitrate (lossless) streams ([[Dolby TrueHD]], [[Digital Theater System#DTS variants|DTS-HD Master Audio]]).
-===Consumer Electronics Control (CEC) : contrôle "inter-éléments"===
+===Consumer Electronics Control channel===
-Pour ajouter plus de fonctionnalités à son système audio/vidéo, un utilisateur peut utiliser des éléments supportant la caractéristique CEC optionnelle. Cela permet à un élément de communiquer avec un autre et de le contrôler. Par exemple, "la touche lecture universelle" (One Touch Play) permettra à un utilisateur d'allumer tous les éléments nécessaires à la lecture d'un contenu avec une seule touche. Un autre exemple est le cas d'un camescope reliée à une Télévision et commandé par cette dernière.
+The Consumer Electronics Control (CEC) channel is optional to implement, but wiring is mandatory. The channel:
+*Uses the industry standard [[AV Link]] protocol.
+*Used for [[remote control]] functions.
+*One-wire bidirectional [[Serial communications|serial]] bus.
+*Defined in HDMI Specification 1.0, updated in HDMI 1.2a, and again in 1.3a (added timer and audio commands).
+This feature is used in two ways:
+*To allow the user to command and control multiple CEC-enabled boxes with one remote control, and
+*To allow individual CEC-enabled boxes to command and control each other, without user intervention.
+An example of the latter is to allow the DVD player, when the drawer closes with a disk, to command the TV and the intervening A/V Receiver (all with CEC) to power-up, select the appropriate HDMI ports, and auto-negotiate the proper video mode and audio mode. No remote control command is needed.
+Similarly, this type of equipment can be programmed to return to sleep mode when the movie ends, perhaps by checking the real-time clock. For example, if it is later than 11:00 p.m., and the user does not specifically command the systems with the remote control, then the systems all turn off at the command from the DVD player.
-*Implémentation optionnelle
+Alternative names for CEC are Anynet ([[Samsung]]), Aquos Link ([[Sharp Corporation|Sharp]]), BRAVIA Theatre Sync ([[Sony]]), Regza Link ([[Toshiba]]), RIHD ([[Onkyo]]), Simplink ([[LG Electronics|LG]]) and Viera Link/EZ-Sync ([[Panasonic]]/[[JVC]]).
-*Câblage des différents éléments requis
-*Utilise le protocole AV-link
-*Définie avec le HDMI 1.0 et mis à jour avec la norme HDMI 1.2A
-===Protection des contenus HD===
+===Content restriction===
-*La technologie propriétaire [[HDCP]] (High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection) - développé par [[Digital Content  Protection]] LLC, filiale d'Intel - assure la protection contre la copie des flux HD.
+*According to [[High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection]] (HDCP) Specification 1.2.
-*Les fabricants doivent s'acquitter d'une licence [[HDCP]] pour que les consommateurs puissent visionner des contenus protégés avec ces appareils. Si la chaîne [[HDCP]] n'est pas respectée (exemple : lecteur HD-DVD non-HDCP) le consommateur encourt le risque de ne pas pouvoir profiter de la qualité d'image recherchée, voire l'impossibilité de lire le contenu légalement acquis. C'est l'aspect le plus controversé de la norme HDMI.
+*Beginning with HDMI CTS 1.3a, any system which implements HDCP must do so in a fully-compliant manner. HDCP compliance is itself part of the requirements for HDMI compliance.<ref>Read [http://www.hdmi.com  HDMI 1.3a Specification 1.3a Section 9.2].</ref><ref>Read HDMI CTS 1.3a Section 10.</ref>
+*The [[HDMI repeater bit]], technically the HDCP repeater bit, controls the authentication and switching/distribution of an HDMI signal.
-===Types de connecteurs===
+==Versions==
-Il y a trois types de connecteurs HDMI :
+Devices are manufactured to adhere to various versions of the specification, where each version is given a revision number. Each subsequent version of the specification uses the same cables, but increases the [[throughput]] and capabilities of what can be transmitted over that cable. The need for a new HDMI cable if you already have one really depends on the cable (which also has a HDMI rating). The main thing to consider is if any current cable would be able to handle the increased bandwidth—for example the 10.2&nbsp;Gbit/s that comes with version 1.3. Cable compliance testing is included in the HDMI Compliance Test Specification (see TESTID 5-3), with "Category 1" and "Category 2" defined in the HDMI Specification 1.3a (Section 4.2.6).
-*Type A : c'est le plus courant ; il se compose de 19 broches et est suffisant pour afficher en 1080p avec un son multicanal
-*Type B : c'est l'équivalent du Dual-link DVI mais qui est en partie rendu obsolète par la version 1.3 du HDMI - qui double la bande passante sur un câble de type A. Il est quasiment absent du marché mais permettrait en théorie d'atteindre des transferts jusqu'à 20,4 Gbps.
-*Type C : apparu avec la norme 1.3 du HDMI, le type C est une version compacte du type A (avec donc 19 broches) spécialement dédié aux caméscopes et appareils photos numériques.
-Connecteur de Type A (fiche femelle):
+A product listed as having an HDMI version does not necessarily mean that it will have all of the features listed under the version classification: indeed, some of the features are optional. For example, in HDMI v1.3 it is optional to support the xvYCC wide color standard. This means if you have bought a camcorder that supports the wide color space (which for example is branded by Sony as "x.v.Color") you have to specifically check that the display supports both HDMI v1.3 and the xvYCC wide color standard.
+===HDMI 1.0 ===
+Released December 2002.
+* Single-cable digital audio/video connection with a maximum bitrate of 4.9&nbsp;Gbit/s. Supports up to 165&nbsp;Mpixel/s video (1080p60&nbsp;Hz or UXGA) and 8-channel/192&nbsp;kHz/24-bit audio.
-[[Image:HDMI Connector Pinout.svg|330px|Type A (Receptacle) HDMI]]
+===HDMI 1.1 ===
+Released May 2004.
+* Added support for [[DVD Audio]].
+=== HDMI 1.2 ===
+Released August 2005.
+* Added support for One Bit Audio, used on [[Super Audio CD]]s, up to 8 channels.
+* Availability of HDMI Type A connector for PC sources.
+* Ability for PC sources to use native RGB color-space while retaining the option to support the YCbCr CE color space.
+* Requirement for HDMI 1.2 and later displays to support low-voltage sources.
+=== HDMI 1.2a ===
+Released December 2005.
+* Fully specifies Consumer Electronic Control (CEC) features, command sets, and CEC compliance tests.
+=== HDMI 1.3 ===
+Released [[22 June]] [[2006]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hdmi.org/press/pr/pr_20060622.asp|title=HDMI 1.3 Press Release}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.twice.com/article/CA6345214.html?text=hdmi|title=HDMI 1.3 Connections Due By Year End|author=Joseph Palenchar |publisher=TWICE |date=June 19, 2006 |accessdate=2007-08-02}}</ref>
+* Increases single-link bandwidth to 340&nbsp;MHz (10.2&nbsp;Gbit/s)
+* ''Optionally'' supports 30-bit, 36-bit, and 48-bit [[xvYCC]] with [[Deep Color]] or over one billion colors, up from 24-bit [[sRGB]] or [[YCbCr]] in previous versions.
+* Incorporates automatic audio syncing ([[Audio video sync]]) capability.
+* ''Optionally'' supports output of [[Dolby TrueHD]] and [[Digital Theater System#DTS variants|DTS-HD Master Audio]] streams for external decoding by AV receivers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hdtvmagazine.com/articles/2006/08/hdmi_part_5_-_audio_in_hdmi_versions.php|title=HDMI Part 5 - Audio in HDMI Versions |publisher=HDTVMagazine.com |date=August 8, 2006 |accessdate=2007-08-02}}</ref> TrueHD and DTS-HD are [[Lossless data compression|lossless]] audio [[codec]] formats used on [[HD DVD]]s and [[Blu-ray Disc]]s. If the disc player can decode these streams into uncompressed audio, then HDMI 1.3 is not necessary, as all versions of HDMI can transport uncompressed audio.
+* Availability of a new mini connector for devices such as camcorders.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hdbeat.com/2006/06/28/pics-of-the-hdmi-mini-connector |title=Pics of the HDMI-mini connector}}</ref>
+=== HDMI 1.3a ===
+Released [[10 November]] [[2006]].<ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20070108022516/http://www.allion.com/news.html HDMI Licensing, LLC announced the release of version 1.3a of both HDMI Spec and Compliance Test Spec.] Allion (November 24, 2006). (Web archive)</ref>
+* Cable and Sink modifications for Type C
+* Source termination recommendation
+* Removed undershoot and maximum rise/fall time limits.
+* CEC capacitance limits changed
+* RGB video quantization range clarification
+* CEC commands for timer control brought back in an altered form, audio control commands added.
+* Concurrently released compliance test specification included.
+=== HDMI 1.3b ===
+Released [[7 October]] [[2007]]. <ref>[http://news.thomasnet.com/companystory/533940</ref>
+==Cable length==
+The HDMI specification does not define a maximum cable length. As with all cables, signal [[attenuation]] becomes too high at a certain length. Instead, HDMI specifies a minimum performance standard. Any cable meeting that specification is compliant. Different construction quality and materials will enable cables of different lengths. In addition, higher performance requirements must be met to support video formats with higher resolutions and/or frame rates than the standard HDTV formats.
+The signal attenuation and [[intersymbol interference]] caused by the cables can be compensated by using Adaptive Equalization.
+HDMI 1.3 defined two categories of cables: Category 1 (standard or HDTV) and Category 2 (high-speed or greater than HDTV) to reduce the confusion about which cables support which video formats. Using 28 [[American wire gauge|AWG]], a cable of about 5 metres (~16&nbsp;ft) can be manufactured easily and inexpensively to Category 1 specifications. Higher-quality construction (24 AWG, tighter construction tolerances, etc.) can reach lengths of 12 to 15 metres (~39 to 49&nbsp;ft). In addition, active cables ([[fiber optic]] or dual [[Cat-5]] cables instead of standard copper) can be used to extend HDMI to 100 metres or more. Some companies also offer [[amplifiers]], [[Equalization|equalizers]] and [[repeaters]] that can string several standard (non-active) HDMI cables together.
+==HDMI and high-definition optical media players==
+Both introduced in 2006, [[Blu-ray Disc]] and [[HD DVD]] offer new high-fidelity audio features that require HDMI for best results. [[Dolby Digital Plus]] (DD+), [[Dolby TrueHD]] and [[DTS-HD Master Audio]] use bitrates exceeding [[TOSLINK]]'s capacity. HDMI 1.3 can transport DD+, TrueHD, and DTS-HD bitstreams in compressed form. This capability would allow a preprocessor or audio/video receiver with the necessary decoder to decode the data itself, but has limited usefulness for HD DVD and Blu-ray.
+HD DVD and Blu-ray permit "interactive audio", where the disc-content tells the player to mix multiple audio sources together, before final output. Consequently, most players will handle audio-decoding internally, and simply output [[LPCM]] audio all the time. Multichannel LPCM can be transported over an HDMI 1.1 (or higher) connection. As long as the audio/video receiver (or preprocessor) supports multi-channel LPCM audio over HDMI, and supports HDCP, the audio reproduction is equal in resolution to HDMI 1.3. However, many of the cheapest AV receivers do not support audio over HDMI and are often labeled as "HDMI passthrough" devices.
+Note that not all of the features of an HDMI version may be implemented in products adhering to that version since certain features of HDMI, such as Deep Color and xvYCC support, are optional.
 {| class="wikitable"
-|+ [[brochage (électronique)|Brochage]] détaillé du connecteur de Type A
-!Broche||Type de signal||Broche||Type de signal
 |-
-|1||TMDS Data2+||2||TMDS Data2 Shield
+! HDMI revision
+! 1.0
+! 1.1
+! 1.2/1.2a
+! 1.3/1.3a/1.3b
 |-
-|3||TMDS Data2–||4||TMDS Data1+
+| Maximum signal bandwidth (MHz)
+| 165
+| 165
+| 165
+| {{yes|340}}
 |-
-|5||TMDS Data1 Shield||6||TMDS Data1–
+| Maximum TMDS bandwidth (Gbit/s)
+| 4.95
+| 4.95
+| 4.95
+| {{yes|10.2}}
 |-
-|7||TMDS Data0+||8||TMDS Data0 Shield
+| Maximum video bandwidth (Gbit/s)
+| 3.96
+| 3.96
+| 3.96
+| {{yes|8.16}}
 |-
-|9||TMDS Data0–||10||TMDS Clock+
+| Maximum audio bandwidth (Mbit/s)
+| 36.86
+| 36.86
+| 36.86
+| 36.86
 |-
-|11||TMDS Clock Shield||12||TMDS Clock–
+| Resolutions possible over single link HDMI at 24bits per pixel
+| 1920x1080p60
+| 1920x1080p60
+| 1920x1080p60
+| {{yes|2560x1600p60}}
 |-
-|13||CEC||14||Reserved (N.C. on device)
+| RGB
+| {{yes|Yes}}
+| {{yes|Yes}}
+| {{yes|Yes}}
+| {{yes|Yes}}
 |-
-|15||SCL||16||SDA
+| YCbCr
+| {{yes|Yes}}
+| {{yes|Yes}}
+| {{yes|Yes}}
+| {{yes|Yes}}
 |-
-|17||DDC/CEC Ground||18||+5 V Power
+| xvYCC
+| {{no|No}}
+| {{no|No}}
+| {{no|No}}
+| {{yes|Yes}}
 |-
-|19||Hot Plug Detect||||
+| Deep Color
+| {{no|No}}
+| {{no|No}}
+| {{no|No}}
+| {{yes|Yes}}
+|-
+| Maximum Color Depth (bits per pixel)
+| 24
+| 24
+| 24
+| {{yes|48*}}
+|-
+| Consumer Electronic Control (CEC)**
+| {{yes|Yes}}
+| {{yes|Yes}}
+| {{yes|Yes}}
+| {{yes|Yes}}
+|-
+| Updated list of CEC commands***
+| {{no|No}}
+| {{no|No}}
+| {{no|No}}
+| {{no|No}} {1.3a-yes)
+|-
+| [[Auto lip-sync]]
+| {{no|No}}
+| {{no|No}}
+| {{no|No}}
+| {{yes|Yes}}
+|-
+| 8channel/192 kHz/24-bit audio capability
+| {{yes|Yes}}
+| {{yes|Yes}}
+| {{yes|Yes}}
+| {{yes|Yes}}
+|-
+| DVD-A support
+| {{no|No}}
+| {{yes|Yes}}
+| {{yes|Yes}}
+| {{yes|Yes}}
+|-
+| SACD (DSD) support ****
+| {{no|No}}
+| {{no|No}}
+| {{yes|Yes}}
+| {{yes|Yes}}
+|-
+| Dolby TrueHD bitstream capable
+| {{no|No}}
+| {{no|No}}
+| {{no|No}}
+| {{yes|Yes}}
+|-
+| DTS-HD Master Audio bitstream capable
+| {{no|No}}
+| {{no|No}}
+| {{no|No}}
+| {{yes|Yes}}
+|-
+| Blu-ray/HD DVD video and audio at full resolution*****
+| {{yes|Yes}}
+| {{yes|Yes}}
+| {{yes|Yes}}
+| {{yes|Yes}}
 |}
+<nowiki>*</nowiki> = 36-bit support is mandatory for Deep Color compatible CE devices with 48-bit support being optional.
-==Les versions==
+<nowiki>**</nowiki> = CEC has been in the HDMI specification since version 1.0 but has only begun to be used in CE products with HDMI version 1.3.
-=== HDMI 1.0 (9 décembre 2002) ===
-Spécification initiale
-*Résolution vidéo maximale :
-p@60Hz ou UXGA (format PC)
-bit RGB/36bit YCbCr de profondeur de couleurs
-*Performances audio :
-canaux non-compressés (PCM) @ 192 kHz, 24 bit par échantillon
-Support des formats compressés Dolby et DTS
-=== HDMI 1.1 (20 mai 2004) ===
+<nowiki>***</nowiki> = Large number of additions and clarifications for CEC commands. One addition is CEC command allowing for volume control of an AV receiver.
-*Support du DVD-Audio
-=== HDMI 1.2 (22 août 2005) ===
+<nowiki>****</nowiki> = Playback of SACD may be possible for older revisions if the signal source (such as the [[OPPO Digital|Oppo]] 970) converts to LPCM. For those receivers that have only PCM DAC converters and not DSD, this means that no additional resolution loss occurs.
-* Support du SACD
-* Disponibilité des connecteurs HDMI de type A pour les équipements informatiques.
-* capacité d'un ordinateur de conserver son espace de couleur RGB quand il envoie un flux par HDMI à une TVHD qui cependant garde son espace de couleur YCbCr
-* Les écrans compatibles HDMI 1.2 et ultérieurs supportent les sources à bas voltage provenant de sources au format [Pci-Ex]
-=== HDMI 1.2a (14 décembre 2005) ===
+<nowiki>*****</nowiki> = Even for audio bitstream formats that a given HDMI revision can not transport, it may still be possible to decode the bitstream in the player and transmit the audio as LPCM.
-* Spécification des fonctions CEC (Consumer Electronic Control)
+==Criticism==
+{{Expand|date=April 2007}}
+{{Unreferencedsection|date=August 2007}}
-=== HDMI 1.3 (22 juin 2006) ===
+Another criticism of HDMI is that the connectors are not as robust as previous display connectors.  Currently most devices with HDMI capability are utilizing [[surface-mount]] connectors rather than [[through-hole]] or reinforced connectors, making them more susceptible to damage from exterior forces.  Tripping over a cable plugged into an HDMI port can easily cause damage to that port.
-* La bande passante sur un lien simple HDMI de type A passe à 10,2 Gbps (soit une fréquence de 340MHz). Sur un lien double (type B) les 10,2 Gbps seraient potentiellement doublés.
-* La profondeur des couleurs profite de ce surplus de bande passante et peut atteindre les valeurs suivantes : 30bit, 36bit et 48bit (en RGB ou YCbCr)
-* Support d'un espace de couleurs 1,8 fois plus large : xvYCC.
-* Capacités de synchronisation automatique du son sur le mouvement des lèvres et des images..
-* Support ad-hoc des format compressés sans perte de qualité suivants : Dolby True-HD et DTS-HD Master Audio.
-Bien que ces formats soient directement supportés par la version 1.3, les versions précédentes permettent la lecture de ce type de flux si la source décompresse lesdits formats en PCM et que le récepteur a la capacité de gérer le son PCM multicanal.
-* Disponibilité d'un mini-connecteur pour les camescopes et appareils photo numérique.
-=== HDMI 1.3a (10 novembre 2006) ===
+In addition, HDMI is criticized, especially by systems installers, for its lack of any locking or securing mechanism built-into its connectors (such as those incorporated into DVI and BNC connectors).  As such, HDMI connectors are easily inadvertently disconnected and, worse, the plug and connector are more prone to physical and/or electrical damage.  Third-party HDMI locking mechanisms are available, but these are rare and expensive.
-==Limitations des longueurs==
+===Cable price gouging===
-Un problème rapporté pour la norme HDMI concerne la longueur maximale du câble. Comme pour tous les câbles, l'[[atténuation]] du  signal devient trop forte à partir d'une certaine longueur. Pour les câbles de cuivre standard HDMI d'un [[American Wire Gauge|AWG]] de 28, certains utilisateurs ont rencontré des dégradations du signal avec une longueur de plus de 5 mètres. Pour les rétro-projecteurs, ceci peut avoir pour conséquence une perte de données, les compensations logicielles ne suffisant pas à récupérer un signal acceptable.
+Opportunistic cable manufacturers have marketed electrically identical 6-foot cables for as little as 10 dollars, all the way up to 200 dollars.  Because the digital datastream is less susceptible to interference than its analog equivalent, the picture quality is similar on properly functioning cables, regardless of price, especially for short cables.
+<ref>[http://arstechnica.com/journals/thumbs.ars/2007/2/19/7116 Ars Technica HDMI Cable Shopping Guide retrieved 28 Nov 2007]</ref>
-Le site Web HDMI conteste toutefois la limite des 5 mètres:
+===Closed captioning problems===
-"La technologie HDMI a été conçue pour l'utilisation de câbles en cuivre standard de grandes longueurs. Dans le but de permettre aux fabricants d'améliorer leurs produits grâce à l'utilisation de nouvelles technologies, la norme HDMI spécifie les exigences requises en terme de connexion sans pour autant spécifier de longueurs maximales. Les fabricants sont censés vendre des câbles de cuivre à des prix raisonnables pour des longueurs supérieures à 15 mètres." (source : [http://www.hdmi.com/learningcenter/faq.aspx HDMI FAQ page])
-Une des façons d'augmenter la longueur limite est d'augmenter l'épaisseur des fils de cuivre, diminuant ainsi l'[[Impédance caractéristique|impédance]]. Un câble d'AWG de 24 est considéré comme meilleur qu'un câble d'AWG 28. Un autre moyen serait d'utiliser de la [[fibre optique]] ou des câbles doublés [[Cat-5]] au lieu des câbles standards. Certaines marques proposent des [[amplificateur]]s et des  [[répéteur]]s ce qui permet la connexion de plusieurs câbles à la suite.
+Although an HDMI display is allowed to define a 'native mode' for video, which could expand the active line count to encompass Line 21, most [[MPEG]] decoders cannot format a digital video stream to include extra lines—they send only vertical blanking. Even if it were possible, the [[closed captioning]] character codes would have to be encoded in some way into the pixel values in Line 21. This would then require the receiver logic in the display to decode those codes and construct the captions.
-==Références==
+It is possible, although not standardized, that some measure of content in text form can be transmitted from Source to Sink using [[HDMI#Consumer Electronics Control channel|CEC]] commands, or using [[InfoFrame packets]]. Again, as there is no standardized format for such data it would likely only work between a source and sink system from the same manufacturer. Such uniqueness goes against the standardization mission of HDMI, which is focused in part on [[interoperability]].
-<references/>
-== Voir aussi ==
+Of course, it is possible that a future enhancement of the HDMI Specification may encompass closed caption transport.
-* Connecteur : [[Péritel]] - [[Digital Visual Interface|DVI]] - [[Unified Display Interface|UDI]] - [[Video Graphics Array|VGA]]
-*[[DisplayPort]]
-==== Liens externes====
+==See also==
-* {{en}} [http://www.hdmi.org '''HDMI''']
+* [[Digital Visual Interface]] (DVI)
-* {{zh}} [http://cn.hdmi.org/ HDMI - China]
+* [[Unified Display Interface]] (UDI)
-* {{en}} [http://www.afterdawn.com/guides/archive/high_definition_multimedia_interface.cfm Introduction complète à HDMI]
+* [[DisplayPort]]
+* [[HD ready]]
+* [[VGA connector]]
+* [[List of display interfaces]]
+==References and notes==
+{{reflist}}
-{{Multi bandeau|Portail télévision|Portail électricité et électronique}}
+== External links ==
+{{Commons|High-Definition Multimedia Interface}}
+* [http://www.hdmi.org HDMI official website]
+* [http://www.avdgear.com/HDMI-Cables-and-HDMI-to-DVI-Cables-and-Adapters-s/4.htm HDMI Cable and Adapter Examples]
-[[Catégorie:Protocole de communication]]
+{{AVconn}}
-[[Catégorie:Connectique]]
+[[Category:Digital display connectors]]
+[[Category:Digital audio connectors]]
+[[Category:Digital video connectors]]
+[[Category:Television technology]]
+[[Category:Film and video technology]]
+[[Category:High-definition television]]
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