Premier League
Un article de Vev.
← Version précédente | Version suivante →
| Premier League |
|---|
| Image:Current sport.svg 2007–08 Season |
| Image:Premierleague.PNG |
| Founded |
| 1992 |
| Nation |
| Modèle:ENG |
| Relegation To |
| The Championship |
| Number of Teams |
| 20 |
| Level on Pyramid |
| Level 1 |
| European Qualification |
| Champions League UEFA Cup Intertoto Cup |
| Domestic Cups |
| FA Cup League Cup |
| Current Champions (2006–07) |
| Manchester United |
The Premier League (officially known as the Barclays Premier League for sponsorship reasons, colloquially known as The Premiership), is an English professional league for football clubs. At the top of the English football league system, it is the country's primary football competition. The Premier League is currently contested by 20 clubs, operating a system of promotion and relegation with The Football League, English football's governing body. Seasons run from August to May, with teams playing 38 games each.
observer.guardian.co.uk/osm/story/0,6903,626773,00.html | title = United (versus Liverpool) Nations | publisher = The Observer | date = 2002-01-06 | accessdate = 2006-08-08 }}</ref> and the most lucrative football league, with cumulative club revenues of around £1.4 billion.<ref name=Deloitte2>| url = http://www.deloitte.com/dtt/press_release/0,1014,sid%253D2834%2526cid%253D159168,00.html | title = Premier League clubs’ profits are set to double | publisher = Deloitte | date = 2007-05-31 | accessdate = 2007-12-18 }}</ref> The league is a corporation with the 20 clubs acting as shareholders.//observer.guardian.co.uk/osm/story/0,6903,626773,00.html | title = United (versus Liverpool) Nations | publisher = The Observer | date = 2002-01-06 | accessdate = 2006-08-08 }}</ref> and the most lucrative football league, with cumulative club revenues of around £1.4 billion.<ref name=Deloitte2>| url = http://www.deloitte.com/dtt/press_release/0,1014,sid%253D2834%2526cid%253D159168,00.html | title = Premier League clubs’ profits are set to double | publisher = Deloitte | date = 2007-05-31 | accessdate = 2007-12-18 }}</ref> The league is a corporation with the 20 clubs acting as shareholders.
A total of 40 clubs have competed in the Premier League, but only four have won the title: Manchester United, Blackburn Rovers, Arsenal, and Chelsea. The current Premier League champions are Manchester United, who won their ninth title in the 2006–07 season, the most of any Premier League team.
Sommaire |
History
Origins
news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/may/31/newsid_2481000/2481723.stm | title = 1985: English teams banned after Heysel | publisher = BBC Archive | accessdate = 2006-08-08}}</ref> The Football League First Division, which had been the top level of English football since 1888, was well behind leagues such as Italy's Serie A and Spain's La Liga in attendances and revenues, and several top English players had moved abroad.<ref name="premsitehistory"> A History of The Premier League
. Premier League
. Retrieved on 2007-11-22. </ref> However, by the turn of the 1990s the downward trend was starting to reverse; England had been successful in the 1990 FIFA World Cup, reaching the semi-finals. UEFA, European football's governing body, lifted the five-year ban on English clubs playing in European competitions in 1990 and the Taylor Report on stadium safety standards, which proposed expensive upgrades to create all-seater stadiums, was published in January of that year.<ref> The Taylor Report
. Footballnetwork
. Retrieved on 2007-11-22. </ref>//news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/may/31/newsid_2481000/2481723.stm | title = 1985: English teams banned after Heysel | publisher = BBC Archive | accessdate = 2006-08-08}}</ref> The Football League First Division, which had been the top level of English football since 1888, was well behind leagues such as Italy's Serie A and Spain's La Liga in attendances and revenues, and several top English players had moved abroad.<ref name="premsitehistory"> A History of The Premier League
. Premier League
. Retrieved on 2007-11-22. </ref> However, by the turn of the 1990s the downward trend was starting to reverse; England had been successful in the 1990 FIFA World Cup, reaching the semi-finals. UEFA, European football's governing body, lifted the five-year ban on English clubs playing in European competitions in 1990 and the Taylor Report on stadium safety standards, which proposed expensive upgrades to create all-seater stadiums, was published in January of that year.<ref> The Taylor Report
. Footballnetwork
. Retrieved on 2007-11-22. </ref>
www.le.ac.uk/sociology/css/resources/factsheets/fs8.html | title=Fact Sheet 8: British Football on Television | publisher=University of Leicester Centre for the Sociology of Sport |last=Crawford |first=Gerry | accessdate=2006-08-10}}</ref> The 1988 negotiations were the first signs of a breakaway league; ten clubs threatened to leave and form a "super league", but were eventually persuaded to stay.<ref> The History Of The Football League
. Football League official website
. Retrieved on 2006-08-10. </ref> As stadiums improved and match attendance and revenues rose, the country's top teams again considered leaving the Football League in order to capitalise on the growing influx of money being pumped into the sport.//www.le.ac.uk/sociology/css/resources/factsheets/fs8.html | title=Fact Sheet 8: British Football on Television | publisher=University of Leicester Centre for the Sociology of Sport |last=Crawford |first=Gerry | accessdate=2006-08-10}}</ref> The 1988 negotiations were the first signs of a breakaway league; ten clubs threatened to leave and form a "super league", but were eventually persuaded to stay.<ref> The History Of The Football League
. Football League official website
. Retrieved on 2006-08-10. </ref> As stadiums improved and match attendance and revenues rose, the country's top teams again considered leaving the Football League in order to capitalise on the growing influx of money being pumped into the sport.
Foundation
www.hmcourts-service.gov.uk/judgmentsfiles/j9/pljmtint.htm | title = In the matter of an agreement between the Football Association Premier League Limited and the Football Association Limited and the Football League Limited and their respective member clubs | publisher = HM Courts Service | date = 2006 | accessdate =2006-08-08 }}</ref> The newly formed top division would have commercial independence from the Football Association and the Football League, giving the FA Premier League license to negotiate its own broadcast and sponsorship agreements. This was considered necessary so that English clubs could once again compete with and beat the best of Europe, while attracting the best talent in the world, something which in 1991 seemed practically unlikely.//www.hmcourts-service.gov.uk/judgmentsfiles/j9/pljmtint.htm | title = In the matter of an agreement between the Football Association Premier League Limited and the Football Association Limited and the Football League Limited and their respective member clubs | publisher = HM Courts Service | date = 2006 | accessdate =2006-08-08 }}</ref> The newly formed top division would have commercial independence from the Football Association and the Football League, giving the FA Premier League license to negotiate its own broadcast and sponsorship agreements. This was considered necessary so that English clubs could once again compete with and beat the best of Europe, while attracting the best talent in the world, something which in 1991 seemed practically unlikely.
In 1992 the First Division clubs resigned from the Football League en masse and on 27 May 1992 the FA Premier League was formed as a limited company working out of an office at the then Football Association's headquarters in Lancaster Gate.<ref name="premsitehistory"/> This meant a break-up of the 104-year-old Football League that had operated until then with four divisions; the Premier League would operate with a single division and the Football League with three. There was no real change in competition format; the same number of teams competed in the top flight, and promotion and relegation between the Premier League and the new First Division remained on the same terms as between the old First and Second Divisions.
Establishment
Modèle:Seealso news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/5061302.stm | title = Fifa wants 18-team Premier League | publisher = BBC |accessdate = 2006-08-08}}</ref> Ultimately the 2007–08 season kicked off again with 20 teams. The league changed its name from the FA Premier League to simply the Premier League in 2007.<ref>"
Premier League and Barclays Announce Competition Name Change " (PDF) , Premier League . Retrieved on 2006-11-22 . </ref>//news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/5061302.stm | title = Fifa wants 18-team Premier League | publisher = BBC |accessdate = 2006-08-08}}</ref> Ultimately the 2007–08 season kicked off again with 20 teams. The league changed its name from the FA Premier League to simply the Premier League in 2007.<ref>" Premier League and Barclays Announce Competition Name Change " (PDF) , Premier League . Retrieved on 2006-11-22 . </ref>
Corporate structure
www.premierleague.com/fapl.rac?command=setSelectedId&nextPage=enSimpleStories&id=2861&type=com.fapl.website.stories.SimpleStories&categoryCode=Who%20We%20Are&breadcrumb=about_breadcrumb | title = Our relationship with the clubs | publisher = Premier League | accessdate = 2006-08-08}}</ref> The Football Association is not directly involved in the day-to-day operations of the Premier League, but has veto power as a special shareholder during the election of the Chairman and Chief Executive and when new rules are adopted by the league.<ref> The Premier League and Other Football Bodies
. Premier League
. Retrieved on 2006-08-08. </ref>//www.premierleague.com/fapl.rac?command=setSelectedId&nextPage=enSimpleStories&id=2861&type=com.fapl.website.stories.SimpleStories&categoryCode=Who%20We%20Are&breadcrumb=about_breadcrumb | title = Our relationship with the clubs | publisher = Premier League | accessdate = 2006-08-08}}</ref> The Football Association is not directly involved in the day-to-day operations of the Premier League, but has veto power as a special shareholder during the election of the Chairman and Chief Executive and when new rules are adopted by the league.<ref> The Premier League and Other Football Bodies
. Premier League
. Retrieved on 2006-08-08. </ref>
www.uefa.com/uefa/aboutuefa/CommittesPanels/panel=32.html | title = European Club Forum | publisher = UEFA | accessdate = 2006-08-08}}</ref>//www.uefa.com/uefa/aboutuefa/CommittesPanels/panel=32.html | title = European Club Forum | publisher = UEFA | accessdate = 2006-08-08}}</ref>
Competition format and sponsorship
Competition
www.sporting-life.com/football/live/tables/premiership.html | title = Barclays Premier League | publisher = Sporting Life | accessdate = 2007-11-26}}</ref> The three lowest placed teams are relegated into the Football League Championship and the top two teams from the Championship, together with the winner of play-offs involving the third to sixth placed Championship clubs, are promoted in their place.<ref>"
Huge Stakes For Championship Play-Off Contenders " , Goal.com . Retrieved on 2007-11-26 . </ref>//www.sporting-life.com/football/live/tables/premiership.html | title = Barclays Premier League | publisher = Sporting Life | accessdate = 2007-11-26}}</ref> The three lowest placed teams are relegated into the Football League Championship and the top two teams from the Championship, together with the winner of play-offs involving the third to sixth placed Championship clubs, are promoted in their place.<ref>" Huge Stakes For Championship Play-Off Contenders " , Goal.com . Retrieved on 2007-11-26 . </ref>
Qualification for European competitions
www.thefa.com/Features/ChampionsLeague/Postings/2003/02/38472.htm | title = Could it be seventh heaven? | publisher = The Football Association | accessdate = 2007-11-19}}</ref> The highest placed team that has not qualified for the UEFA Cup is allowed the opportunity to compete in the UEFA Intertoto Cup, provided they have applied to enter the Intertoto Cup in the next season. This provides another means of getting into the UEFA Cup, as winners of all eleven third-round Intertoto Cup ties qualify for that tournament.//www.thefa.com/Features/ChampionsLeague/Postings/2003/02/38472.htm | title = Could it be seventh heaven? | publisher = The Football Association | accessdate = 2007-11-19}}</ref> The highest placed team that has not qualified for the UEFA Cup is allowed the opportunity to compete in the UEFA Intertoto Cup, provided they have applied to enter the Intertoto Cup in the next season. This provides another means of getting into the UEFA Cup, as winners of all eleven third-round Intertoto Cup ties qualify for that tournament.
news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/l/liverpool/4613695.stm | title = Liverpool get in Champions League | publisher = BBC | date=2005-06-10 | accessdate = 2007-12-11}}</ref> UEFA subsequently ruled that the defending champions of the trophy qualify for the competition the following year regardless of their domestic league placing.//news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/l/liverpool/4613695.stm | title = Liverpool get in Champions League | publisher = BBC | date=2005-06-10 | accessdate = 2007-12-11}}</ref> UEFA subsequently ruled that the defending champions of the trophy qualify for the competition the following year regardless of their domestic league placing.
www.xs4all.nl/~kassiesa/bert/uefa/data/method3/crank2007.html | title = UEFA Country Ranking 2007 | accessdate = 2007-03-11}}</ref> The top three leagues in Europe are currently allowed to enter four teams into the Champions League. The UEFA president Michel Platini, had proposed taking one place from the Premier League's quota, and allocating this place to the FA Cup winners. This proposal though, was rejected in a vote at a UEFA Strategy Council meeting.<ref> Clubs force UEFA's Michel Platini into climbdown
. Daily Telegraph (2007-11-13)
. Retrieved on 2007-12-02. </ref>//www.xs4all.nl/~kassiesa/bert/uefa/data/method3/crank2007.html | title = UEFA Country Ranking 2007 | accessdate = 2007-03-11}}</ref> The top three leagues in Europe are currently allowed to enter four teams into the Champions League. The UEFA president Michel Platini, had proposed taking one place from the Premier League's quota, and allocating this place to the FA Cup winners. This proposal though, was rejected in a vote at a UEFA Strategy Council meeting.<ref> Clubs force UEFA's Michel Platini into climbdown
. Daily Telegraph (2007-11-13)
. Retrieved on 2007-12-02. </ref>
news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/europe/7090646.stm | title =Platini's Euro Cup plan rejected |publisher=BBC | date=2007-12-12 | accessdate = 2007-12-11}}</ref>//news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/europe/7090646.stm | title =Platini's Euro Cup plan rejected |publisher=BBC | date=2007-12-12 | accessdate = 2007-12-11}}</ref>
Sponsorship
Since 1993, the Premier League has been sponsored. The sponsor has been able to determine the league's sponsorship name. The list below details who the sponsors have been and what they called the competition:
- 1993–2001: Carling (FA Carling Premiership)
- 2001–2004: Barclaycard (Barclaycard Premiership)
www.newsroom.barclays.co.uk/Content/Detail.asp?ReleaseID=794&NewsAreaID=2 |title=Barclays secures Premier League Global title sponsorship |publisher=Barclays |date=2006-09-27 |accessdate=2007-12-02}}</ref>//www.newsroom.barclays.co.uk/Content/Detail.asp?ReleaseID=794&NewsAreaID=2 |title=Barclays secures Premier League Global title sponsorship |publisher=Barclays |date=2006-09-27 |accessdate=2007-12-02}}</ref>
Finances
news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/5032978.stm| title =First fall in Premiership wages | publisher = BBC News | date = 2006-05-31 | accessdate = 2006-08-08}}</ref> Revenues will increase to approximately £1.8 billion in the 2007–08 season,<ref>"
Premiership wages 'to top £1bn' " , BBC , 2007-05-30 . Retrieved on 2007-12-10 . (quoting Deloitte)</ref> when new media rights deals start. Based on November 2007 exchange rates, £1.8 billion converts to a gross annual league revenue of about US$3.7 billion. For the past few seasons, the Premier League's gross revenue (£1.4bn) has been the fourth highest for any sports league worldwide, behind the annual revenues of the three most popular North American major sports leagues (the National Football League, Major League Baseball and the National Basketball Association), but ahead of the National Hockey League.//news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/5032978.stm| title =First fall in Premiership wages | publisher = BBC News | date = 2006-05-31 | accessdate = 2006-08-08}}</ref> Revenues will increase to approximately £1.8 billion in the 2007–08 season,<ref>" Premiership wages 'to top £1bn' " , BBC , 2007-05-30 . Retrieved on 2007-12-10 . (quoting Deloitte)</ref> when new media rights deals start. Based on November 2007 exchange rates, £1.8 billion converts to a gross annual league revenue of about US$3.7 billion. For the past few seasons, the Premier League's gross revenue (£1.4bn) has been the fourth highest for any sports league worldwide, behind the annual revenues of the three most popular North American major sports leagues (the National Football League, Major League Baseball and the National Basketball Association), but ahead of the National Hockey League.
www.deloitte.com/dtt/press_release/0,1014,sid%253D2834%2526cid%253D145152,00.html |title=Real Madrid stay at the top |publisher=Deloitte |date=2007-08-02 |accessdate=2007-12-02}}</ref> No other league has more than four clubs in this table, and while La Liga rivals Real Madrid and F.C. Barcelona are currently ranked #1 and #2, no other Spanish clubs are listed in the top 20. Premier League teams have dominated the list for many years, and even topped the list for almost a decade until the 2004–05 season. After the Premier League's new TV deal comes into effect, the league-wide increase in revenues is expected to increase the Premier League clubs' standing in the list, and there is a possibility that a Premier League club will be top of the list.<ref name=Deloitte0506/><ref>"
Arsenal bullish over £200m income " , BBC News , 2007-09-24 . Retrieved on 2007-09-24 . </ref>//www.deloitte.com/dtt/press_release/0,1014,sid%253D2834%2526cid%253D145152,00.html |title=Real Madrid stay at the top |publisher=Deloitte |date=2007-08-02 |accessdate=2007-12-02}}</ref> No other league has more than four clubs in this table, and while La Liga rivals Real Madrid and F.C. Barcelona are currently ranked #1 and #2, no other Spanish clubs are listed in the top 20. Premier League teams have dominated the list for many years, and even topped the list for almost a decade until the 2004–05 season. After the Premier League's new TV deal comes into effect, the league-wide increase in revenues is expected to increase the Premier League clubs' standing in the list, and there is a possibility that a Premier League club will be top of the list.<ref name=Deloitte0506/><ref>" Arsenal bullish over £200m income " , BBC News , 2007-09-24 . Retrieved on 2007-09-24 . </ref>
stats.football.co.uk/1992/ | title = Football Stats Results for 1992–1993 Premiership |publisher = football.co.uk | accessdate = 2006-08-10}}</ref> However, during the 1992–93 season the capacities of most stadiums were reduced as clubs replaced terraces with seats in order to meet the Taylor Report's 1994–95 deadline for all-seater stadiums.<ref> Fact Sheet 2: Football Stadia After Taylor
. University of Leicester
. Retrieved on 2006-08-10. </ref><ref> Shifting stands
. ESPN (2005-07-27)
. Retrieved on 2006-08-10. </ref> The 2005–06 figure, however, is lower than the Premier League's record average attendance of 35,464, set during the 2002–03 season.<ref> Premiership Attendance - 2002/03
. ESPN
. Retrieved on 2006-08-10. </ref>//stats.football.co.uk/1992/ | title = Football Stats Results for 1992–1993 Premiership |publisher = football.co.uk | accessdate = 2006-08-10}}</ref> However, during the 1992–93 season the capacities of most stadiums were reduced as clubs replaced terraces with seats in order to meet the Taylor Report's 1994–95 deadline for all-seater stadiums.<ref> Fact Sheet 2: Football Stadia After Taylor
. University of Leicester
. Retrieved on 2006-08-10. </ref><ref> Shifting stands
. ESPN (2005-07-27)
. Retrieved on 2006-08-10. </ref> The 2005–06 figure, however, is lower than the Premier League's record average attendance of 35,464, set during the 2002–03 season.<ref> Premiership Attendance - 2002/03
. ESPN
. Retrieved on 2006-08-10. </ref>
Media coverage
United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland
Television has played a major role in the history of the Premier League. The money from television rights has been vital in helping to create excellence both on and off the field. The League's decision to assign broadcasting rights to BSkyB in 1992 was at the time a radical decision, but one that has paid off. At the time pay television was an almost untested proposition in the UK market, as was charging fans to watch live televised football. However, a combination of Sky's strategy, the quality of Premier League football and the public's appetite for the game has seen the value of the Premier League's TV rights soar.<ref name="leicester_tv"/>
www.premierleague.com/page/Faqs/0,,12306,00.html | title = Frequently asked questions about the F.A. Premier League, (How are television revenues distributed to Premier League clubs?) | publisher = premierleague.com |accessdate = 2007-12-11}}</ref> half is divided equally between the clubs; one quarter is awarded on a merit basis based on final league position, the top club getting twenty times as much as the bottom club, and equal steps all the way down the table; the final quarter is paid out as facilities fees for games that are shown on television, with the top clubs generally receiving the largest shares of this. The income from overseas rights is divided equally between the twenty clubs.//www.premierleague.com/page/Faqs/0,,12306,00.html | title = Frequently asked questions about the F.A. Premier League, (How are television revenues distributed to Premier League clubs?) | publisher = premierleague.com |accessdate = 2007-12-11}}</ref> half is divided equally between the clubs; one quarter is awarded on a merit basis based on final league position, the top club getting twenty times as much as the bottom club, and equal steps all the way down the table; the final quarter is paid out as facilities fees for games that are shown on television, with the top clubs generally receiving the largest shares of this. The income from overseas rights is divided equally between the twenty clubs.
www.football-research.org/fitda/FITDA-chapter22.htm | title = Football rights and competition in broadcasting | publisher = Football Governance Research Centre, University of London| accessdate =2006-08-08}}</ref> The next contract, negotiated to start from the 1997–98 season, rose to £670 million over four seasons.<ref name="fgrc"/> The third contract was a £1.024 billion deal with BSkyB for the three seasons from 2004–05 to 2006–07. The league brought in £320 million from the sale of its international rights for the three-year period from 2004–05 to 2006–07. It sold the rights itself on a territory-by-territory basis.<ref>"
Premier League announce name change " , SportBusiness . Retrieved on 2007-06-03 . </ref> Sky's monopoly was broken from August 2006 when Setanta Sports was awarded rights to show two out of the six packages of matches available. This occurred following an insistence by the European Commission that exclusive rights should not be sold to one television company. Sky and Setanta paid a total of £1.7 billion, a two-thirds increase which took many commentators by surprise as it had been widely assumed that the value of the rights had levelled off following many years of rapid growth. Setanta also hold rights to a live 3 pm match solely for Republic of Ireland viewers. The BBC has retained the rights to show highlights for the same three seasons (on Match of the Day) for £171.6 million, a 63% increase on the £105 million it paid for the previous three year period.<ref>" BBC keeps Premiership highlights " , BBC News , 2006-06-08 . Retrieved on 2006-08-08 . </ref> Radio Telefís Éireann broadcast the highlights in Ireland.//www.football-research.org/fitda/FITDA-chapter22.htm | title = Football rights and competition in broadcasting | publisher = Football Governance Research Centre, University of London| accessdate =2006-08-08}}</ref> The next contract, negotiated to start from the 1997–98 season, rose to £670 million over four seasons.<ref name="fgrc"/> The third contract was a £1.024 billion deal with BSkyB for the three seasons from 2004–05 to 2006–07. The league brought in £320 million from the sale of its international rights for the three-year period from 2004–05 to 2006–07. It sold the rights itself on a territory-by-territory basis.<ref>" Premier League announce name change " , SportBusiness . Retrieved on 2007-06-03 . </ref> Sky's monopoly was broken from August 2006 when Setanta Sports was awarded rights to show two out of the six packages of matches available. This occurred following an insistence by the European Commission that exclusive rights should not be sold to one television company. Sky and Setanta paid a total of £1.7 billion, a two-thirds increase which took many commentators by surprise as it had been widely assumed that the value of the rights had levelled off following many years of rapid growth. Setanta also hold rights to a live 3 pm match solely for Republic of Ireland viewers. The BBC has retained the rights to show highlights for the same three seasons (on Match of the Day) for £171.6 million, a 63% increase on the £105 million it paid for the previous three year period.<ref>" BBC keeps Premiership highlights " , BBC News , 2006-06-08 . Retrieved on 2006-08-08 . </ref> Radio Telefís Éireann broadcast the highlights in Ireland.
www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/main.jhtml?view=DETAILS&grid=&xml=/sport/2006/05/26/sfntv26.xml| title = TV deal pays another £84m | publisher = Daily Telegraph | date = 2006-05-26 | accessdate = 2006-08-08 }}</ref> Overseas television rights fetched £625 million, nearly double the previous contract.<ref>"
Premiership in new £625m TV deal " . Retrieved on 2007-06-03 . </ref> The total raised from these deals is more than £2.7 billion, giving Premiership clubs an average media income from league games of £45 million a year from 2007 to 2010. They also receive smaller amounts from media rights for the domestic cups and in some cases substantial amounts from media rights for European matches.//www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/main.jhtml?view=DETAILS&grid=&xml=/sport/2006/05/26/sfntv26.xml| title = TV deal pays another £84m | publisher = Daily Telegraph | date = 2006-05-26 | accessdate = 2006-08-08 }}</ref> Overseas television rights fetched £625 million, nearly double the previous contract.<ref>" Premiership in new £625m TV deal " . Retrieved on 2007-06-03 . </ref> The total raised from these deals is more than £2.7 billion, giving Premiership clubs an average media income from league games of £45 million a year from 2007 to 2010. They also receive smaller amounts from media rights for the domestic cups and in some cases substantial amounts from media rights for European matches.
web.archive.org/web/20060823170841/http://www.oft.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/D36BD282-3F52-410E-86EA-F494E41BC199/0/bskybfinal1.pdf |format=PDF | title = BSkyB investigation: alleged infringement of the Chapter II prohibition | publisher = Office of Fair Trading | date = 2002-12-17 | accessdate = 2006-08-08 |format=PDF}}</ref> In July 1999 the Premier League's method of selling rights collectively for all member clubs was investigated by the UK Restrictive Practices Court, who concluded that the agreement was not contrary to the public interest.<ref>"
Sport and European Competition Policy " , European Commission , 1999 . Retrieved on 2006-08-08 . </ref>//web.archive.org/web/20060823170841/http://www.oft.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/D36BD282-3F52-410E-86EA-F494E41BC199/0/bskybfinal1.pdf |format=PDF | title = BSkyB investigation: alleged infringement of the Chapter II prohibition | publisher = Office of Fair Trading | date = 2002-12-17 | accessdate = 2006-08-08 |format=PDF}}</ref> In July 1999 the Premier League's method of selling rights collectively for all member clubs was investigated by the UK Restrictive Practices Court, who concluded that the agreement was not contrary to the public interest.<ref>" Sport and European Competition Policy " , European Commission , 1999 . Retrieved on 2006-08-08 . </ref>
Worldwide
www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/main.jhtml;jsessionid=IGZ4VPSTTGE5BQFIQMFSFGGAVCBQ0IV0?xml=/sport/2007/11/06/sfnfro106.xml | publisher=The Daily Telegraph | date=2007-11-06 | first=Jeremy | last=Wilson | accessdate=2007-11-07}}</ref> generally on networks owned and/or controlled by NewsCorp, which owns BSkyB and thus the primary UK and Ireland TV rights. In the United States coverage is shared between Fox Soccer Channel and Setanta Sports North America; NewsCorp sometimes buy pitch-side advertising boards with the Fox Soccer Channel logo replacing that of Sky.//www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/main.jhtml;jsessionid=IGZ4VPSTTGE5BQFIQMFSFGGAVCBQ0IV0?xml=/sport/2007/11/06/sfnfro106.xml | publisher=The Daily Telegraph | date=2007-11-06 | first=Jeremy | last=Wilson | accessdate=2007-11-07}}</ref> generally on networks owned and/or controlled by NewsCorp, which owns BSkyB and thus the primary UK and Ireland TV rights. In the United States coverage is shared between Fox Soccer Channel and Setanta Sports North America; NewsCorp sometimes buy pitch-side advertising boards with the Fox Soccer Channel logo replacing that of Sky.
www.blonnet.com/2004/03/21/stories/2004032101440300.htm | title = ESPN-Star extends pact with FA Premier League | publisher = The Hindu Business Line | date = 2004-03-21 | accessdate = 2006-08-09 }}</ref> In the People's Republic of China, matches attract television audiences between 100 million and 360 million, more than any other foreign sport.<ref>"
Chinese phone maker's fancy footwork " , BBC News , 2003-10-27 . Retrieved on 2006-08-09 . </ref> Due to this popularity, the league has held three pre-season tournaments in Asia, the only Premier League affiliated tournaments ever to have been held outside England. In July 2003, the FA Premier League Asia Cup was held in Malaysia, featuring three Premiership clubs, Chelsea, Newcastle United and Birmingham City, and the Malaysia national team.<ref> Premiership trio launch Asia Cup . ESPN (2003-03-01)
. Retrieved on 2006-08-09. </ref> In 2005 the Asia Trophy featured a similar format, held in Thailand and featuring the Thailand national team competing against three English clubs — Everton, Manchester City and Bolton Wanderers, the latter of whom won the trophy.<ref> English Premier League Launch Asia Trophy
. premierleague.com
. Retrieved on 2006-08-09. </ref> In 2007, the FA Premier League Asia Cup took place in Hong Kong, to be renamed the Barclays Asia Trophy and featured Liverpool, Portsmouth, Fulham and the Hong Kong FA Cup winning team, South China.//www.blonnet.com/2004/03/21/stories/2004032101440300.htm | title = ESPN-Star extends pact with FA Premier League | publisher = The Hindu Business Line | date = 2004-03-21 | accessdate = 2006-08-09 }}</ref> In the People's Republic of China, matches attract television audiences between 100 million and 360 million, more than any other foreign sport.<ref>"
Chinese phone maker's fancy footwork " , BBC News , 2003-10-27 . Retrieved on 2006-08-09 . </ref> Due to this popularity, the league has held three pre-season tournaments in Asia, the only Premier League affiliated tournaments ever to have been held outside England. In July 2003, the FA Premier League Asia Cup was held in Malaysia, featuring three Premiership clubs, Chelsea, Newcastle United and Birmingham City, and the Malaysia national team.<ref> Premiership trio launch Asia Cup . ESPN (2003-03-01)
. Retrieved on 2006-08-09. </ref> In 2005 the Asia Trophy featured a similar format, held in Thailand and featuring the Thailand national team competing against three English clubs — Everton, Manchester City and Bolton Wanderers, the latter of whom won the trophy.<ref> English Premier League Launch Asia Trophy
. premierleague.com
. Retrieved on 2006-08-09. </ref> In 2007, the FA Premier League Asia Cup took place in Hong Kong, to be renamed the Barclays Asia Trophy and featured Liverpool, Portsmouth, Fulham and the Hong Kong FA Cup winning team, South China.
news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/6072266.stm | title = Goal footage warning for website |publisher=BBC | date = 2006-08-09 |accessdate=2007-12-02}}</ref>//news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/6072266.stm | title = Goal footage warning for website |publisher=BBC | date = 2006-08-09 |accessdate=2007-12-02}}</ref>
Criticisms
Widening gap between lower leagues
football.guardian.co.uk/comment/story/0,,1771399,00.html | title = Rich clubs forced to give up a sliver of the TV pie | publisher = Guardian | accessdate = 2006-08-08}}</ref> many newly promoted teams have found it difficult to avoid relegation in their first season in the Premier League. In every season except 2001–02 (Blackburn Rovers, Bolton Wanderers and Fulham) at least one Premier League newcomer has been relegated back to the Football League. In 1997–98 all three promoted clubs were relegated at the end of the season.<ref> Brewin, John
(2005-07-04) . 1997/98 - Season Review (English) . ESPN
. Retrieved on 2007-11-29. </ref>//football.guardian.co.uk/comment/story/0,,1771399,00.html | title = Rich clubs forced to give up a sliver of the TV pie | publisher = Guardian | accessdate = 2006-08-08}}</ref> many newly promoted teams have found it difficult to avoid relegation in their first season in the Premier League. In every season except 2001–02 (Blackburn Rovers, Bolton Wanderers and Fulham) at least one Premier League newcomer has been relegated back to the Football League. In 1997–98 all three promoted clubs were relegated at the end of the season.<ref> Brewin, John
(2005-07-04) . 1997/98 - Season Review (English) . ESPN
. Retrieved on 2007-11-29. </ref>
football.guardian.co.uk/comment/story/0,,1837801,00.html | title = Why clubs may risk millions for riches at the end of the rainbow |date=2006-08-05 | publisher = Guardian | accessdate = 2006-08-13}}</ref> leading to the common occurrence of teams "bouncing back" soon after their relegation.//football.guardian.co.uk/comment/story/0,,1837801,00.html | title = Why clubs may risk millions for riches at the end of the rainbow |date=2006-08-05 | publisher = Guardian | accessdate = 2006-08-13}}</ref> leading to the common occurrence of teams "bouncing back" soon after their relegation.
"Big Four" dominance
soccernet.espn.go.com/columns/story?id=405515&root=england&&cc=5739 |title=The best of the rest |date=2007-01-29 |publisher=ESPNsoccernet |accessdate=2007-11-27}}</ref> In the past 12 seasons only four different clubs have won the Premier League title — Manchester United (nine times), Arsenal (three times), Chelsea (twice) and Blackburn (once). In addition, Liverpool, while without an English league title since the pre-Premier League era, have not finished lower than fifth since 1999 and winning the Champions League in 2005.<ref>Modèle:Cite journal</ref> In recent years, the success of these clubs has led to these four teams being increasingly referred to as the "Big Four". This developed with Chelsea's rise in status after their takeover by Russian billionaire Roman Abramovich in 2003, which has led to multiple league and cup successes. The Big Four clubs currently receive the benefits of Champions League qualification. The benefits include increased revenue and this has widened the gap between the Big Four clubs and the rest of the Premiership.<ref name=Bestofrest/>//soccernet.espn.go.com/columns/story?id=405515&root=england&&cc=5739 |title=The best of the rest |date=2007-01-29 |publisher=ESPNsoccernet |accessdate=2007-11-27}}</ref> In the past 12 seasons only four different clubs have won the Premier League title — Manchester United (nine times), Arsenal (three times), Chelsea (twice) and Blackburn (once). In addition, Liverpool, while without an English league title since the pre-Premier League era, have not finished lower than fifth since 1999 and winning the Champions League in 2005.<ref>Modèle:Cite journal</ref> In recent years, the success of these clubs has led to these four teams being increasingly referred to as the "Big Four". This developed with Chelsea's rise in status after their takeover by Russian billionaire Roman Abramovich in 2003, which has led to multiple league and cup successes. The Big Four clubs currently receive the benefits of Champions League qualification. The benefits include increased revenue and this has widened the gap between the Big Four clubs and the rest of the Premiership.<ref name=Bestofrest/>
Premier League clubs
A total of 40 clubs have played in the Premier League between 1992 and 2006. Two other clubs (Luton Town and Notts County) were signatories to the original agreement that created the Premier League, but were relegated prior to the inaugural Premiership season and have not yet returned to the top flight. For a list of all clubs past and present see List of FA Premier League clubs and an amalgamated table can be found at All-time FA Premier League table. For a list of winners and runners-up of the Premier League since its inception, and top scorers for each season, see English football champions.
www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/sport/football.html?in_article_id=493532&in_page_id=1779 | title = It's official - Tottenham have the worst defence in Premier League history | publisher = Daily Mail |date=2007-11-14 | accessdate = 2007-12-01}}</ref>//www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/sport/football.html?in_article_id=493532&in_page_id=1779 | title = It's official - Tottenham have the worst defence in Premier League history | publisher = Daily Mail |date=2007-11-14 | accessdate = 2007-12-01}}</ref>
Premier League members for 2007–08
The following 20 clubs are competing in the Premier League during the 2007–08 season.
| Club | Position in 2006–07 >top division //>top division | First season of current spell in top division | Last title | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arsenala,b | 4th | 1904–05 | 1919–20 | 2003–04 |
| Aston Villaa,b | 11th | 1888–89 | 1988–89 | 1980–81 |
| Birmingham City | 2nd, Championship | 1893–94 | 2007–08 | n/a |
| Blackburn Roversa | 10th | 1888–89 | 2001–02 | 1994–95 |
| Bolton Wanderers | 7th | 1888–89 | 2001–02 | n/a |
| Chelseaa,b | 2nd | 1907–08 | 1989–90 | 2005–06 |
| Derby County | 3rd, Championship | 1888–89 | 2007–08 | 1974–75 |
| Evertona,b | 6th | 1888–89 | 1954–55 | 1986–87 |
| Fulham | 16th | 1949–50 | 2001–02 | n/a |
| Liverpoola,b | 3rd | 1894–95 | 1962–63 | 1989–90 |
| Manchester Citya | 14th | 1899–1900 | 2002–03 | 1967–68 |
| Manchester Uniteda,b | 1st | 1892–93 | 1975–76 | 2006–07 |
| Middlesbrougha | 12th | 1902–03 | 1998–99 | n/a |
| Newcastle United | 13th | 1898–99 | 1993–94 | 1926–27 |
| Portsmouth | 9th | 1927–28 | 2003–04 | 1949–50 |
| Reading | 8th | 2006–07 | 2006–07 | n/a |
| Sunderland | 1st, Championship | 1890–91 | 2007–08 | 1935–36 |
| Tottenham Hotspura,b | 5th | 1909–10 | 1978–79 | 1960–61 |
| West Ham United | 15th | 1923–24 | 2005–06 | n/a |
| Wigan Athletic | 17th | 2005–06 | 2005–06 | n/a |
| a = Founding member of the Premier League b = Played in every Premier League season | ||||
Players
Premier League clubs have almost complete freedom to sign whatever number and category of players they wish. There is no team or individual salary cap, no squad size limit, no age restrictions other than those applied by general employment law, no restrictions on the overall number of foreign players, and few restrictions on individual foreign players — all players with EU nationality, including those able to claim an EU passport through a parent or grandparent, are eligible to play, and top players from outside the EU are able to obtain UK work permits. The only area where the Premiership's player registration rules are more restrictive than those of some other football leagues, such as those of those of Belgium and Portugal, is that academy level non-EU players have little access to English football.<ref name=HOworkpermits/>
football.guardian.co.uk/print/0,3858,4487212-3057,00.html | author = Ron Atkinson | title = England need to stem the foreign tide | publisher = The Guardian | date = 2002-08-23 | accessdate = 2006-08-10}}</ref> By 2000–01, the number of foreign players participating in the Premiership was 36%. In the 2004–05 season the figure had increased to 45%. On 26 December 1999, Chelsea became the first Premier League side to field an entirely foreign starting line-up,<ref> Phil Neal: King of Europe?
. Guardian Unlimited
. Retrieved on 2006-08-10. </ref> and on 14 February 2005 Arsenal were the first to name a completely foreign 16-man squad for a match.<ref> Wenger backs non-English line-up
. BBC (2005-02-14)
. Retrieved on 2006-08-10. </ref> No English manager has won the Premier League; the four managers to have won the title comprise two Scots (Sir Alex Ferguson (Manchester United, nine wins) and Kenny Dalglish (Blackburn Rovers, one win), a Frenchman (Arsène Wenger, Arsenal, three wins) and a Portuguese (José Mourinho, Chelsea, two wins).//football.guardian.co.uk/print/0,3858,4487212-3057,00.html | author = Ron Atkinson | title = England need to stem the foreign tide | publisher = The Guardian | date = 2002-08-23 | accessdate = 2006-08-10}}</ref> By 2000–01, the number of foreign players participating in the Premiership was 36%. In the 2004–05 season the figure had increased to 45%. On 26 December 1999, Chelsea became the first Premier League side to field an entirely foreign starting line-up,<ref> Phil Neal: King of Europe?
. Guardian Unlimited
. Retrieved on 2006-08-10. </ref> and on 14 February 2005 Arsenal were the first to name a completely foreign 16-man squad for a match.<ref> Wenger backs non-English line-up
. BBC (2005-02-14)
. Retrieved on 2006-08-10. </ref> No English manager has won the Premier League; the four managers to have won the title comprise two Scots (Sir Alex Ferguson (Manchester United, nine wins) and Kenny Dalglish (Blackburn Rovers, one win), a Frenchman (Arsène Wenger, Arsenal, three wins) and a Portuguese (José Mourinho, Chelsea, two wins).
www.gnn.gov.uk/Content/Detail.asp?ReleaseID=32096&NewsAreaID=2 | title=New Work Permit Criteria for Football Players Announced | work=Department for Education and Employment | date=1999-07-02 | accessdate=2007-07-01}}</ref> Currently a non-EU player applying for the permit must have played for his country in at least 75% of its competitive 'A' team matches for which he was available for selection during the previous two years, and his country must have averaged at least 70th place in the official FIFA world rankings over the previous two years. If a player does not meet those criteria, the club wishing to sign him may appeal if they believe that he is a special talent and "able to contribute significantly to the development of the game at the top level in the UK."<ref name=HOworkpermits> Work permit arrangements for football players
. Home Office
. Retrieved on 2007-07-01. </ref>//www.gnn.gov.uk/Content/Detail.asp?ReleaseID=32096&NewsAreaID=2 | title=New Work Permit Criteria for Football Players Announced | work=Department for Education and Employment | date=1999-07-02 | accessdate=2007-07-01}}</ref> Currently a non-EU player applying for the permit must have played for his country in at least 75% of its competitive 'A' team matches for which he was available for selection during the previous two years, and his country must have averaged at least 70th place in the official FIFA world rankings over the previous two years. If a player does not meet those criteria, the club wishing to sign him may appeal if they believe that he is a special talent and "able to contribute significantly to the development of the game at the top level in the UK."<ref name=HOworkpermits> Work permit arrangements for football players
. Home Office
. Retrieved on 2007-07-01. </ref>
Over 260 foreign players compete in the league, and 101 players from England's domestic leagues competed in the 2002 FIFA World Cup in Korea and Japan. At the 2006 FIFA World Cup in Germany, the Premier League was the most represented league with more than eighty players in the competition, including 21 of the 23 players in England's squad.
football.guardian.co.uk/comment/story/0,9753,1009392,00.html | title = Forty factors fuelling football inflation | publisher = The Guardian | date = 2003-07-31 | accessdate = 2006-08-08}}</ref> but subsequently rose by an average 20% per year for a decade,<ref>"
Wages fall, but Premier League still spend big " , ESPN Soccernet , 2006-06-01 . Retrieved on 2006-08-08 . </ref> peaking in the 2003–04 season, when the annual salary of the average Premier League player was £676,000.<ref>" The billion-pound revolution " , The Times , 2005-06-08 . Retrieved on 2006-08-08 . </ref>//football.guardian.co.uk/comment/story/0,9753,1009392,00.html | title = Forty factors fuelling football inflation | publisher = The Guardian | date = 2003-07-31 | accessdate = 2006-08-08}}</ref> but subsequently rose by an average 20% per year for a decade,<ref>" Wages fall, but Premier League still spend big " , ESPN Soccernet , 2006-06-01 . Retrieved on 2006-08-08 . </ref> peaking in the 2003–04 season, when the annual salary of the average Premier League player was £676,000.<ref>" The billion-pound revolution " , The Times , 2005-06-08 . Retrieved on 2006-08-08 . </ref>
observer.guardian.co.uk/osm/story/0,,1720979,00.html | title = From £250,000 to £29.1m | publisher = Observer |date=2006-03-05 | accessdate = 2007-12-02}}</ref> The record rose steadily in the Premier League's first few seasons, until Alan Shearer made a world record breaking £15 million move to Newcastle United in 1996.<ref name="OSMtransfers"/> This stood as a British record for four years until it was eclipsed by the £18 million Leeds paid West Ham for Rio Ferdinand.<ref name="OSMtransfers"/> Manchester United subsequently broke the record three times by signing Ruud van Nistelrooy, Juan Sebastián Verón and Rio Ferdinand.<ref>"
Veron and Other Top Transfers " , 4thegame . Retrieved on 2007-12-02 . </ref><ref>" Leeds sell Rio for £30 million " , Daily Telegraph , 2002-07-21 . Retrieved on 2007-12-02 . </ref> As of 2007, the current record holder is Andriy Shevchenko, who joined Chelsea from AC Milan in May 2006. The exact figure of the transfer fee was not disclosed, but was reported as being around £30 million.<ref>" Chelsea complete Shevchenko deal " , BBC , 2006-05-31 . Retrieved on 2007-12-02 . </ref>//observer.guardian.co.uk/osm/story/0,,1720979,00.html | title = From £250,000 to £29.1m | publisher = Observer |date=2006-03-05 | accessdate = 2007-12-02}}</ref> The record rose steadily in the Premier League's first few seasons, until Alan Shearer made a world record breaking £15 million move to Newcastle United in 1996.<ref name="OSMtransfers"/> This stood as a British record for four years until it was eclipsed by the £18 million Leeds paid West Ham for Rio Ferdinand.<ref name="OSMtransfers"/> Manchester United subsequently broke the record three times by signing Ruud van Nistelrooy, Juan Sebastián Verón and Rio Ferdinand.<ref>" Veron and Other Top Transfers " , 4thegame . Retrieved on 2007-12-02 . </ref><ref>" Leeds sell Rio for £30 million " , Daily Telegraph , 2002-07-21 . Retrieved on 2007-12-02 . </ref> As of 2007, the current record holder is Andriy Shevchenko, who joined Chelsea from AC Milan in May 2006. The exact figure of the transfer fee was not disclosed, but was reported as being around £30 million.<ref>" Chelsea complete Shevchenko deal " , BBC , 2006-05-31 . Retrieved on 2007-12-02 . </ref>
Top scorers
| Rank | Player | Goals |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Modèle:Country data ENG Alan Shearer | 260 |
| 2 | Modèle:Country data ENG Andrew Cole<ref name="playing">Currently active in Premier League team's squad.</ref> | 188 |
| 3 | Modèle:Country data FRA Thierry Henry | 174 |
| 4 | Modèle:Country data ENG Robbie Fowler | 162 |
| 5 | Modèle:Country data ENG Les Ferdinand | 149 |
| 6 | Modèle:Country data ENG Teddy Sheringham | 147 |
| 7 | Modèle:Country data NED Jimmy Floyd Hasselbaink | 129 |
| 8 | Modèle:Country data ENG Michael Owen<ref name="playing">Currently active in Premier League team's squad.</ref> | 127 |
| 9 | Modèle:Country data TRI Dwight Yorke<ref name="playing" /> | 123 |
| 10 | Modèle:Country data ENG Ian Wright | 113 |
www.bbc.co.uk/lancashire/sport/brfc/shearer.shtml |title=Super Shearer |publisher=BBC |author=Becky Gamester |accessdate=2007-12-10}}</ref>//www.bbc.co.uk/lancashire/sport/brfc/shearer.shtml |title=Super Shearer |publisher=BBC |author=Becky Gamester |accessdate=2007-12-10}}</ref>
www.4thegame.com/features/feature/145997/ |title=Barclaycard Premiership top scorers |publisher=4thegame |date=2004-01-20 |accessdate=2007-12-16}}</ref>//www.4thegame.com/features/feature/145997/ |title=Barclaycard Premiership top scorers |publisher=4thegame |date=2004-01-20 |accessdate=2007-12-16}}</ref>
news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/7008200.stm |title=Portsmouth 7–4 Reading |date=2007-09-29 |accessdate=2007-09-30 |publisher=BBC}}</ref>//news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/7008200.stm |title=Portsmouth 7–4 Reading |date=2007-09-29 |accessdate=2007-09-30 |publisher=BBC}}</ref>
www.tv.com/ryan--giggs/person/448664/trivia.html |title=Ryan Giggs trivia |publisher=TV.com |accessdate=2007-12-16}}</ref> Both players have scored in the 2007–08 season too.//www.tv.com/ryan--giggs/person/448664/trivia.html |title=Ryan Giggs trivia |publisher=TV.com |accessdate=2007-12-16}}</ref> Both players have scored in the 2007–08 season too.
Women's Premier League
findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_20030506/ai_n12684111 | work=Independent | title=Fulham sign off professional era in style | date=2007-04-26 | accessdate=2007-11-22}}</ref> The league comprises 12 clubs, operating a system of promotion and relegation with the Northern Division and Southern Division. The champions of each are promoted to the National Division, and the bottom two National Division clubs are relegated.//findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_20030506/ai_n12684111 | work=Independent | title=Fulham sign off professional era in style | date=2007-04-26 | accessdate=2007-11-22}}</ref> The league comprises 12 clubs, operating a system of promotion and relegation with the Northern Division and Southern Division. The champions of each are promoted to the National Division, and the bottom two National Division clubs are relegated.
www.arsenal.com/article.asp?thisNav=Ladies&article=344199&Title=Ladies+Honours | title=Arsenal Ladies Honours | work=Arsenal.com | accessdate=2007-05-21}}</ref> The women's game has a much lower profile than that of the Premier League, with Women's Premier League teams typically playing matches at grounds owned by non-league men's clubs.//www.arsenal.com/article.asp?thisNav=Ladies&article=344199&Title=Ladies+Honours | title=Arsenal Ladies Honours | work=Arsenal.com | accessdate=2007-05-21}}</ref> The women's game has a much lower profile than that of the Premier League, with Women's Premier League teams typically playing matches at grounds owned by non-league men's clubs.
References
External links
www.premierleague.com/ Official Site]//www.premierleague.com/ Official Site] www.premierleague.com/ Official Site]//www.thefa.com/ The FA] www.premierleague.com/ Official Site]//onlinefootballnews.com/?lev0=15 Premier League News] www.premierleague.com/ Official Site]//www.footiemap.com/?co=england&league=1 Map of all Premier League clubs] www.premierleague.com/ Official Site]//www.historicalkits.co.uk/ History of football kit by club]
Modèle:Fb start Modèle:FA Premier League teamlist Modèle:FA Premier League seasons Modèle:UEFA leagues Modèle:English football league system cells Modèle:Football in England table cells Modèle:Fb end
Modèle:Featured articleModèle:Link FA ar:دوري إنجليزي ممتاز bn:এফ.এ. প্রিমিয়ার লীগ bs:FA Premier League bg:Английска висша лига ca:FA Premier League cs:Premier League cy:Uwchgynghrair Lloegr da:Premier League de:FA Premier League et:FA Premier League el:Πρέμιερ Λιγκ es:FA Premier League eo:F.A. Supra Ligo fr:Championnat d'Angleterre de football ko:프리미어리그 hr:FA Premier Liga id:Liga Utama Inggris it:Campionato di calcio inglese he:פרמייר ליג lt:FA Premier League hu:FA Premier League mr:इंग्लिश प्रीमियर लीग ms:Liga Perdana Inggeris nl:Premier League ja:FAプレミアリーグ no:FA Premier League nn:FA Premier League pl:Premiership pt:Campeonato Inglês de Futebol ru:Английская Премьер-Лига sco:Inglis Premiership simple:FA Premier League sr:Премијер лига fi:Englannin Valioliiga sv:FA Premier League th:เอฟเอ พรีเมียร์ลีก vi:Giải bóng đá ngoại hạng Anh tr:Premier League uk:Прем'єр-Ліга Англії з футболу zh-yue:英格蘭超級足球聯賽 zh:英格兰足球超级联赛
