Google

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Modèle:2otheruses Modèle:Infobox Company</ref>//www.usatoday.com/money/industries/technology/2004-04-29-google-timeline_x.htm |title=The Rise of Google |journal=USA Today |date=April 29, 2004 |accessdate=2007-08-01}}</ref> | location_city = Mountain View, California | location_country = USA | key_people = Eric E. Schmidt, CEO/Director
Sergey Brin, Co-Founder, Technology President
Larry Page, Co-Founder, Products President
George Reyes, CFO | industry = Internet, Computer software | products = See list of Google products investor.google.com/fin_data.html |title=Financial Tables |publisher=Google Investor Relations |accessdate=2007-02-23}}</ref>//investor.google.com/fin_data.html |title=Financial Tables |publisher=Google Investor Relations |accessdate=2007-02-23}}</ref> | net_income = US$3.077 billion Modèle:Profit29% (2006)<ref name="financialtables" /> | assets=US$18.473 billion (2006)<ref name="financialtables" /> |equity=US$17.039 billion (2006)<ref name="financialtables" /> www.google.com/press/pressrel/revenues_q307.html Google Announces Third Quarter 2007 Results]." October 18, 2007. Retrieved on October 22, 2007.</ref>//www.google.com/press/pressrel/revenues_q307.html Google Announces Third Quarter 2007 Results]." October 18, 2007. Retrieved on October 22, 2007.</ref> | company_slogan = Don't be evil www.google.com/ www.google.com]}}//www.google.com/ www.google.com]}} Google Inc. (Modèle:Nasdaq and Modèle:Lse) is an American public corporation, specializing in Internet search and online advertising. The company is based in Mountain View, California, and has 15,916 full-time employees (as of September 30 2007).<ref name=q32007results /> It is the largest American company (by market capitalization) that is not part of the Dow Jones Industrial Average.^{[citation needed]}

Google was co-founded by Larry Page and Sergey Brin while they were students at Stanford University and the company was first incorporated as a privately held company on September 7, 1998. Google's initial public offering took place on August 19, 2004, raising US$1.67 billion, making it worth US$23 billion. Through a series of new product developments, acquisitions and partnerships, the company has expanded its initial search and advertising business into other areas, including web-based email, online mapping, office productivity, and video sharing, among others.

Sommaire 1 History 1.1 Financing and initial public offering 1.2 Growth 1.3 Philanthropy 1.4 Acquisitions 1.5 Partnerships 2 Products 2.1 Advertising 2.2 Applications 2.3 Enterprise products 3 Platform 4 Open source involvement 5 Corporate affairs and culture 5.1 Googleplex 5.2 "Twenty percent" time 5.3 Easter eggs and April Fool's Day jokes 5.4 IPO and culture 6 Criticism 7 Competitors 8 See also 9 References 10 Further reading 11 External links

History

Main article: History of Google

www.google.com/intl/en/corporate/history.html Corporate Information: Google Milestones]." Google. Retrieved on February 23, 2007.</ref> They hypothesized that a search engine that analyzed the relationships between websites would produce better ranking of results than existing techniques, which ranked results according to the number of times the search term appeared on a page.<ref>Page, Lawrence; Brin, Sergey; Motwani, Rajeev; Winograd, Terry. "The PageRank Citation Ranking: Bringing Order to the Web." November 11, 1999.</ref> Their search engine was originally nicknamed "BackRub" because the system checked backlinks to estimate a site's importance.<ref>Battelle, John. "The Birth of Google." Wired Magazine. August, 2005.</ref> A small search engine called Rankdex was already exploring a similar strategy.<ref>Li, Yanhong. "Toward a qualitative search engine." Internet Computing, IEEE. 2 (4), July-August, 1998, 24-29.</ref>//www.google.com/intl/en/corporate/history.html Corporate Information: Google Milestones]." Google. Retrieved on February 23, 2007.</ref> They hypothesized that a search engine that analyzed the relationships between websites would produce better ranking of results than existing techniques, which ranked results according to the number of times the search term appeared on a page.<ref>Page, Lawrence; Brin, Sergey; Motwani, Rajeev; Winograd, Terry. "The PageRank Citation Ranking: Bringing Order to the Web." November 11, 1999.</ref> Their search engine was originally nicknamed "BackRub" because the system checked backlinks to estimate a site's importance.<ref>Battelle, John. "The Birth of Google." Wired Magazine. August, 2005.</ref> A small search engine called Rankdex was already exploring a similar strategy.<ref>Li, Yanhong. "Toward a qualitative search engine." Internet Computing, IEEE. 2 (4), July-August, 1998, 24-29.</ref>

whois.dnsstuff.com/tools/whois.ch?ip=google.com | title=WHOIS - google.com | accessdate=2007-08-10}}</ref> and the company was incorporated as Google Inc. on September 7, 1998 at a friend's garage in Menlo Park, California. The total initial investment raised for the new company eventually amounted to almost US$1.1 million, including a US$100,000 check by Andy Bechtolsheim, one of the founders of Sun Microsystems.<ref>Google. "Google Milestones." Retrieved on July 12, 2006.</ref>//whois.dnsstuff.com/tools/whois.ch?ip=google.com | title=WHOIS - google.com | accessdate=2007-08-10}}</ref> and the company was incorporated as Google Inc. on September 7, 1998 at a friend's garage in Menlo Park, California. The total initial investment raised for the new company eventually amounted to almost US$1.1 million, including a US$100,000 check by Andy Bechtolsheim, one of the founders of Sun Microsystems.<ref>Google. "Google Milestones." Retrieved on July 12, 2006.</ref>

books.google.com/books?id=4BKKFJDqlpkC&pg=PA130&lpg=PA130&dq=%22googol+com%22+tim+beauchamp&source=web&ots=bVsg7FGnw9&sig=PlT-u4p3FguHKeph2nq_c3uE4Oc From Altoids to Zima: The Surprising Stories Behind 125 Famous Brand Names By Evan Morris]" Retrieved on November 13, 2007.</ref>//books.google.com/books?id=4BKKFJDqlpkC&pg=PA130&lpg=PA130&dq=%22googol+com%22+tim+beauchamp&source=web&ots=bVsg7FGnw9&sig=PlT-u4p3FguHKeph2nq_c3uE4Oc From Altoids to Zima: The Surprising Stories Behind 125 Famous Brand Names By Evan Morris]" Retrieved on November 13, 2007.</ref>

news.com.com/2100-1040-960790.html A building blessed with tech success]." CNET. October 4, 2002. Retrieved on February 25, 2007.</ref> After quickly outgrowing two other sites, the company leased a complex of buildings in Mountain View at 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway from Silicon Graphics (SGI) in 2003.<ref name="sgibldg">Olsen, Stefanie. "Google's movin' on up." CNET. July 11, 2003. Retrieved on February 25, 2007.</ref> The company has remained at this location ever since, and the complex has since come to be known as the Googleplex (a play on the word googolplex, a 1 followed by a googol zeros). In 2006, Google bought the property from SGI for US$319 million.<ref name="googleplexpurchase">Staff Writer. "Google to buy headquarters building from Silicon Graphics." Silicon Valley / San Jose Business Journal. June 16, 2006. Retrieved on February 25, 2007.</ref>//news.com.com/2100-1040-960790.html A building blessed with tech success]." CNET. October 4, 2002. Retrieved on February 25, 2007.</ref> After quickly outgrowing two other sites, the company leased a complex of buildings in Mountain View at 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway from Silicon Graphics (SGI) in 2003.<ref name="sgibldg">Olsen, Stefanie. "Google's movin' on up." CNET. July 11, 2003. Retrieved on February 25, 2007.</ref> The company has remained at this location ever since, and the complex has since come to be known as the Googleplex (a play on the word googolplex, a 1 followed by a googol zeros). In 2006, Google bought the property from SGI for US$319 million.<ref name="googleplexpurchase">Staff Writer. "Google to buy headquarters building from Silicon Graphics." Silicon Valley / San Jose Business Journal. June 16, 2006. Retrieved on February 25, 2007.</ref>

news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/3334531.stm Is Google good for you?]" BBC News. December 19 2003. Retrieved on February 25, 2007.</ref> In 2000, Google began selling advertisements associated with search keywords.<ref name="milestones" /> The ads were text-based to maintain an uncluttered page design and to maximize page loading speed.<ref name="milestones" /> Keywords were sold based on a combination of price bid and clickthroughs, with bidding starting at US$.05 per click.<ref name="milestones" /> This model of selling keyword advertising was pioneered by Goto.com (later renamed Overture Services, before being acquired by Yahoo! and rebranded as Yahoo! Search Marketing).<ref name="goto strong">Sullivan, Danny. "GoTo Going Strong." The Search Engine Report. July 1 1998.</ref><ref name="cnet p4p">Pelline, Jeff. "Pay-for-placement gets another shot." CNET. February 19, 1998.</ref><ref name="glaser">Glaser, Ken. "Who Will GoTo.com?" OnlinePress.com. February 20, 1998.</ref> While many of its dot-com rivals failed in the new Internet marketplace, Google quietly rose in stature while generating revenue.<ref name="milestones" />//news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/3334531.stm Is Google good for you?]" BBC News. December 19 2003. Retrieved on February 25, 2007.</ref> In 2000, Google began selling advertisements associated with search keywords.<ref name="milestones" /> The ads were text-based to maintain an uncluttered page design and to maximize page loading speed.<ref name="milestones" /> Keywords were sold based on a combination of price bid and clickthroughs, with bidding starting at US$.05 per click.<ref name="milestones" /> This model of selling keyword advertising was pioneered by Goto.com (later renamed Overture Services, before being acquired by Yahoo! and rebranded as Yahoo! Search Marketing).<ref name="goto strong">Sullivan, Danny. "GoTo Going Strong." The Search Engine Report. July 1 1998.</ref><ref name="cnet p4p">Pelline, Jeff. "Pay-for-placement gets another shot." CNET. February 19, 1998.</ref><ref name="glaser">Glaser, Ken. "Who Will GoTo.com?" OnlinePress.com. February 20, 1998.</ref> While many of its dot-com rivals failed in the new Internet marketplace, Google quietly rose in stature while generating revenue.<ref name="milestones" />

graphics.stanford.edu/~dk/google_name_origin.html Origin of the name, "Google."] Stanford University. January, 2004.</ref><ref>Hanley, Rachael. "From Googol to Google: Co-founder returns." The Stanford Daily. February 12, 2003. Retrieved on July 14, 2006.</ref> which refers to 10¹⁰⁰, the number represented by a 1 followed by one-hundred zeros. Having found its way increasingly into everyday language, the verb "google", was added to the Merriam Webster Collegiate Dictionary and the Oxford English Dictionary in 2006, meaning "to use the Google search engine to obtain information on the Internet."<ref>Harris, Scott D. "Dictionary adds verb: to googleModèle:Deadlink." San Jose Mercury News. July 7, 2006. Retrieved on July 7 2006.</ref><ref>Bylund, Anders. "To Google or Not to GoogleModèle:Deadlink." The Motley Fool via MSNBC. July 5, 2006. Retrieved on July 7, 2006.</ref>//graphics.stanford.edu/~dk/google_name_origin.html Origin of the name, "Google."] Stanford University. January, 2004.</ref><ref>Hanley, Rachael. "From Googol to Google: Co-founder returns." The Stanford Daily. February 12, 2003. Retrieved on July 14, 2006.</ref> which refers to 10¹⁰⁰, the number represented by a 1 followed by one-hundred zeros. Having found its way increasingly into everyday language, the verb "google", was added to the Merriam Webster Collegiate Dictionary and the Oxford English Dictionary in 2006, meaning "to use the Google search engine to obtain information on the Internet."<ref>Harris, Scott D. "Dictionary adds verb: to googleModèle:Deadlink." San Jose Mercury News. July 7, 2006. Retrieved on July 7 2006.</ref><ref>Bylund, Anders. "To Google or Not to GoogleModèle:Deadlink." The Motley Fool via MSNBC. July 5, 2006. Retrieved on July 7, 2006.</ref>

v3.espacenet.com/textdoc?DB=EPODOC&IDX=US6285999 Method for node ranking in a linked database]." European Patent Organisation. September 4, 2001. Retrieved on February 25 2007.</ref> The patent was officially assigned to Stanford University and lists Lawrence Page as the inventor.//v3.espacenet.com/textdoc?DB=EPODOC&IDX=US6285999 Method for node ranking in a linked database]." European Patent Organisation. September 4, 2001. Retrieved on February 25 2007.</ref> The patent was officially assigned to Stanford University and lists Lawrence Page as the inventor.

Financing and initial public offering

www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2004/04/29/MNGLD6CFND34.DTL For early Googlers, key word is $$$]." San Francisco Chronicle. April 29, 2004. Retrieved on February 25, 2007.</ref> Around six months later, a much larger round of funding was announced, with the major investors being rival venture capital firms Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers and Sequoia Capital.<ref name="Bechtolsheim" />//www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2004/04/29/MNGLD6CFND34.DTL For early Googlers, key word is $$$]." San Francisco Chronicle. April 29, 2004. Retrieved on February 25, 2007.</ref> Around six months later, a much larger round of funding was announced, with the major investors being rival venture capital firms Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers and Sequoia Capital.<ref name="Bechtolsheim" />

www.businessweek.com/technology/content/aug2004/tc20040819_6843_tc120.htm Google: Whiz Kids or Naughty Boys?]" Business Week. August 19, 2004. Retrieved on February 25, 2007.</ref><ref>http://investor.google.com/pdf/2004_AnnualReport.pdf</ref> Of that, 14,142,135 (another mathematical reference as √2 ≈ 1.4142135) were floated by Google and 5,462,917 by selling stockholders. The sale raised US$1.67 billion, and gave Google a market capitalization of more than US$23 billion.<ref name="washpost">Webb, Cynthia L. "Google's IPO: Grate Expectations." Washington Post. August 19, 2004. Retrieved on February 25, 2007.</ref> The vast majority of Google's 271 million shares remained under Google's control. Many of Google's employees became instant paper millionaires. Yahoo!, a competitor of Google, also benefited from the IPO because it owned 8.4 million shares of Google as of August 9, 2004, ten days before the IPO.<ref name="yahooshares">Kuchinskas, Susan. "Yahoo and Google Settle." internetnews.com. August 9, 2004. Retrieved on February 25, 2007.</ref>//www.businessweek.com/technology/content/aug2004/tc20040819_6843_tc120.htm Google: Whiz Kids or Naughty Boys?]" Business Week. August 19, 2004. Retrieved on February 25, 2007.</ref><ref>http://investor.google.com/pdf/2004_AnnualReport.pdf</ref> Of that, 14,142,135 (another mathematical reference as √2 ≈ 1.4142135) were floated by Google and 5,462,917 by selling stockholders. The sale raised US$1.67 billion, and gave Google a market capitalization of more than US$23 billion.<ref name="washpost">Webb, Cynthia L. "Google's IPO: Grate Expectations." Washington Post. August 19, 2004. Retrieved on February 25, 2007.</ref> The vast majority of Google's 271 million shares remained under Google's control. Many of Google's employees became instant paper millionaires. Yahoo!, a competitor of Google, also benefited from the IPO because it owned 8.4 million shares of Google as of August 9, 2004, ten days before the IPO.<ref name="yahooshares">Kuchinskas, Susan. "Yahoo and Google Settle." internetnews.com. August 9, 2004. Retrieved on February 25, 2007.</ref>

money.cnn.com/2005/05/25/technology/techinvestor/lamonica/index.htm Bowling for Google]." CNN. May 25, 2005. Retrieved on February 28 2007.</ref> The surge in stock price is fueled primarily by individual investors, as opposed to large institutional investors and mutual funds.<ref name="bowlingforgoogle" />//money.cnn.com/2005/05/25/technology/techinvestor/lamonica/index.htm Bowling for Google]." CNN. May 25, 2005. Retrieved on February 28 2007.</ref> The surge in stock price is fueled primarily by individual investors, as opposed to large institutional investors and mutual funds.<ref name="bowlingforgoogle" />

The company is listed on the NASDAQ stock exchange under the ticker symbol GOOG and under the London Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol GGEA

Growth

www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/01/17/AR2006011701333.html Google Buys Company To Expand Into Radio]." Washington Post. January 18, 2006.</ref> This will allow Google to combine two niche advertising media—the Internet and radio—with Google's ability to laser-focus on the tastes of consumers. Google has also begun an experiment in selling advertisements from its advertisers in offline newspapers and magazines, with select advertisements in the Chicago Sun-Times.<ref>Gonsalves, Antone. "Google Confirms Testing Ads in Sun-Times Newspaper." Information Week. " January 10, 2006.</ref> They have been filling unsold space in the newspaper that would have normally been used for in-house advertisements.//www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/01/17/AR2006011701333.html Google Buys Company To Expand Into Radio]." Washington Post. January 18, 2006.</ref> This will allow Google to combine two niche advertising media—the Internet and radio—with Google's ability to laser-focus on the tastes of consumers. Google has also begun an experiment in selling advertisements from its advertisers in offline newspapers and magazines, with select advertisements in the Chicago Sun-Times.<ref>Gonsalves, Antone. "Google Confirms Testing Ads in Sun-Times Newspaper." Information Week. " January 10, 2006.</ref> They have been filling unsold space in the newspaper that would have normally been used for in-house advertisements.

Google was added to the S&P 500 index on March 30, 2006. It replaced Burlington Resources, a major oil producer based in Houston which was acquired by ConocoPhillips.

Philanthropy

www.google.org/about.html About the Foundation]." Google.org. Retrieved on October 11, 2007.</ref> The express mission of the organization is to create awareness about climate change, global public health, and global poverty. One of its first projects is to develop a viable plug-in hybrid electric vehicle that can attain 100 mpg. The current director is Dr. Larry Brilliant.<ref>Hafner, Katie. "Philanthropy Google’s Way: Not the Usual." The New York Times. September 14, 2006. Retrieved on October 11, 2007.</ref>//www.google.org/about.html About the Foundation]." Google.org. Retrieved on October 11, 2007.</ref> The express mission of the organization is to create awareness about climate change, global public health, and global poverty. One of its first projects is to develop a viable plug-in hybrid electric vehicle that can attain 100 mpg. The current director is Dr. Larry Brilliant.<ref>Hafner, Katie. "Philanthropy Google’s Way: Not the Usual." The New York Times. September 14, 2006. Retrieved on October 11, 2007.</ref>

Acquisitions

Modèle:Seealso Since 2001, Google has acquired several small start-up companies, often consisting of innovative teams and products. One of the earlier companies that Google bought was Pyra Labs. They were the creators of Blogger, a weblog publishing platform, first launched in 1999. This acquisition led to many premium features becoming free. Pyra Labs was originally formed by Evan Williams, yet he left Google in 2004. In early 2006, Google acquired Upstartle, a company responsible for the online word processor, Writely. The technology in this product was used by Google to eventually create Google Docs & Spreadsheets.

groups.google.com/group/measuremap-forums-important/browse_thread/thread/dffb45fd6d9748c1 Measure Map Forum - Known issues]." Google Groups. April 6, 2006. Retrieved on September 10 2007.</ref>//groups.google.com/group/measuremap-forums-important/browse_thread/thread/dffb45fd6d9748c1 Measure Map Forum - Known issues]." Google Groups. April 6, 2006. Retrieved on September 10 2007.</ref>

money.cnn.com/2006/10/09/technology/googleyoutube_deal/index.htm?cnn=yes Google to buy YouTube for $1.65 billion]." CNN. October 9, 2006. Retrieved on October 9 2006.</ref> Shortly after, on October 31, 2006, Google announced that it had also acquired JotSpot, a developer of wiki technology for collaborative Web sites.<ref>Google Buys Wiki Startup JotSpot. October 31, 2006.</ref>//money.cnn.com/2006/10/09/technology/googleyoutube_deal/index.htm?cnn=yes Google to buy YouTube for $1.65 billion]." CNN. October 9, 2006. Retrieved on October 9 2006.</ref> Shortly after, on October 31, 2006, Google announced that it had also acquired JotSpot, a developer of wiki technology for collaborative Web sites.<ref>Google Buys Wiki Startup JotSpot. October 31, 2006.</ref>

www.nytimes.com/2007/04/14/technology/14DoubleClick.html?ref=technology Google Buys DoubleClick for $3.1 Billion]." The New York Times. April 13, 2007. Retrieved on April 13, 2007.</ref>//www.nytimes.com/2007/04/14/technology/14DoubleClick.html?ref=technology Google Buys DoubleClick for $3.1 Billion]." The New York Times. April 13, 2007. Retrieved on April 13, 2007.</ref>

www.google.com/intl/en/press/pressrel/postini_20070709.html|title=Google to acquire Postini|publisher=Google (Press release)|accessdate=2007-07-18|date=July 9, 2007}}</ref>//www.google.com/intl/en/press/pressrel/postini_20070709.html|title=Google to acquire Postini|publisher=Google (Press release)|accessdate=2007-07-18|date=July 9, 2007}}</ref>

Partnerships

news.com.com/Can+Google+beat+the+new-office+curse/2100-1030_3-5884957.html Can Google beat the new-office curse?]" CNET. September 28, 2005. Retrieved on February 25, 2007.</ref> Google also entered into a partnership with Sun Microsystems in October to help share and distribute each other's technologies.<ref name="googlesun">Kessler, Michelle; Acohido, Byron. "Google, Sun make 'big deal' together." USA Today. October 3, 2005. Retrieved on February 25, 2007.</ref> The company entered into a partnership with Time Warner's AOL,<ref name="googleaol">Mills, Elinor. "What the Google-AOL deal means for users." CNET. December 28, 2005. Retrieved on February 25, 2007.</ref> to enhance each other's video search services.//news.com.com/Can+Google+beat+the+new-office+curse/2100-1030_3-5884957.html Can Google beat the new-office curse?]" CNET. September 28, 2005. Retrieved on February 25, 2007.</ref> Google also entered into a partnership with Sun Microsystems in October to help share and distribute each other's technologies.<ref name="googlesun">Kessler, Michelle; Acohido, Byron. "Google, Sun make 'big deal' together." USA Today. October 3, 2005. Retrieved on February 25, 2007.</ref> The company entered into a partnership with Time Warner's AOL,<ref name="googleaol">Mills, Elinor. "What the Google-AOL deal means for users." CNET. December 28, 2005. Retrieved on February 25, 2007.</ref> to enhance each other's video search services.

mtld.mobi/company/about/investors dotMobi Investors]." .mobi. Retrieved on October 14, 2007.</ref> In September 2007, Google launched, "Adsense for Mobile", a service for its publishing partners which provides the ability to monetize their mobile websites through the targeted placement of mobile text ads,<ref name="adsense_mobile">"Google AdSense for Mobile unlocks the potential of the mobile advertising market." Google. September 17, 2007. Retrieved on October 14, 2007.</ref> and acquired the mobile social networking site, Zingku.mobi, to "provide people worldwide with direct access to Google applications, and ultimately the information they want and need, right from their mobile devices."<ref name="zingku">Niccolai, James. "Google Buys Mobile Social Network Zingku." PC World. September 29, 2007. Retrieved on October 14, 2007.</ref>//mtld.mobi/company/about/investors dotMobi Investors]." .mobi. Retrieved on October 14, 2007.</ref> In September 2007, Google launched, "Adsense for Mobile", a service for its publishing partners which provides the ability to monetize their mobile websites through the targeted placement of mobile text ads,<ref name="adsense_mobile">"Google AdSense for Mobile unlocks the potential of the mobile advertising market." Google. September 17, 2007. Retrieved on October 14, 2007.</ref> and acquired the mobile social networking site, Zingku.mobi, to "provide people worldwide with direct access to Google applications, and ultimately the information they want and need, right from their mobile devices."<ref name="zingku">Niccolai, James. "Google Buys Mobile Social Network Zingku." PC World. September 29, 2007. Retrieved on October 14, 2007.</ref>

findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0EIN/is_2006_August_7/ai_n16610613 Fox Interactive Media Enters into Landmark Agreement with Google Inc.; Multi-Year Pact Calls for Google to Provide Search and Advertising across Fox Interactive Media's Growing Online Network Including the MySpace Community]." Business Wire. August 7, 2006. Retrieved on February 25, 2007.</ref>//findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0EIN/is_2006_August_7/ai_n16610613 Fox Interactive Media Enters into Landmark Agreement with Google Inc.; Multi-Year Pact Calls for Google to Provide Search and Advertising across Fox Interactive Media's Growing Online Network Including the MySpace Community]." Business Wire. August 7, 2006. Retrieved on February 25, 2007.</ref>

Products

Main article: List of Google products

Google has created services and tools for the general public and business environment alike; including Web applications, advertising networks and solutions for businesses.

Advertising

www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1288776/000119312507044494/d10k.htm|title=Form 10-K -- Annual Report|accessdate=2007-07-14|publisher=SEC|work=EDGAR}}</ref> Google AdWords allows Web advertisers to display advertisements in Google's search results and the Google Content Network, through either a cost-per-click or cost-per-view scheme. Google AdSense website owners can also display adverts on their own site, and earn money every time ads are clicked.//www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1288776/000119312507044494/d10k.htm|title=Form 10-K -- Annual Report|accessdate=2007-07-14|publisher=SEC|work=EDGAR}}</ref> Google AdWords allows Web advertisers to display advertisements in Google's search results and the Google Content Network, through either a cost-per-click or cost-per-view scheme. Google AdSense website owners can also display adverts on their own site, and earn money every time ads are clicked.

Applications

rankabove.com/p/top-10-search-providers-august-2007/ August 2007 Search Share for Top 10 Search Engines from Nielsen//NetRatings] October 26, 2007. Retrieved on October 26, 2007.</ref> Google indexes billions of Web pages, so that users can search for the information they desire, through the use of keywords and operators. Google has also employed the Web Search technology into other search services, including Image Search, Google News, the price comparison site Google Product Search, the interactive Usenet archive Google Groups, Google Maps, and more.//rankabove.com/p/top-10-search-providers-august-2007/ August 2007 Search Share for Top 10 Search Engines from Nielsen//NetRatings] October 26, 2007. Retrieved on October 26, 2007.</ref> Google indexes billions of Web pages, so that users can search for the information they desire, through the use of keywords and operators. Google has also employed the Web Search technology into other search services, including Image Search, Google News, the price comparison site Google Product Search, the interactive Usenet archive Google Groups, Google Maps, and more.

money.cnn.com/2004/04/01/technology/google_email/index.htm Google + e-mail = gmail]." CNN. August 1, 2004. Retrieved on February 23, 2007.</ref> Gmail features spam-filtering technology and the capability to use Google technology to search e-mail. The service generates revenue by displaying advertisements from the AdWords service that are tailored to the content of the e-mail messages displayed on screen.//money.cnn.com/2004/04/01/technology/google_email/index.htm Google + e-mail = gmail]." CNN. August 1, 2004. Retrieved on February 23, 2007.</ref> Gmail features spam-filtering technology and the capability to use Google technology to search e-mail. The service generates revenue by displaying advertisements from the AdWords service that are tailored to the content of the e-mail messages displayed on screen.

www.google.com/press/pressrel/video_marketplace.html Google to Launch Video Marketplace]." Google. January 6, 2006. Retrieved on February 23, 2007.</ref> In August 2007, Google announced that it would shut down its video rental and sale program and offer refunds and Google Checkout credits to consumers who had purchased videos to own.//www.google.com/press/pressrel/video_marketplace.html Google to Launch Video Marketplace]." Google. January 6, 2006. Retrieved on February 23, 2007.</ref> In August 2007, Google announced that it would shut down its video rental and sale program and offer refunds and Google Checkout credits to consumers who had purchased videos to own.

Google has also developed several desktop applications, including Google Earth, an interactive mapping program powered by satellite and aerial imagery that covers the vast majority of the planet. Google Earth is generally considered to be remarkably accurate and extremely detailed. Many major cities have such detailed images that one can zoom in close enough to see vehicles and pedestrians clearly. Consequently, there have been some concerns about national security implications. Specifically, some countries and militaries contend the software can be used to pinpoint with near-precision accuracy the physical location of critical infrastructure, commercial and residential buildings, bases, government agencies, and so on. However, the satellite images are not necessarily frequently updated, and all of them are available at no charge through other products and even government sources. For example, NASA and the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency. Some counter this argument by stating that Google Earth makes it easier to access and research the images.

Many other products are available through Google Labs, which is a collection of incomplete applications that are still being tested for use by the general public.

www.google.co.uk/googlespace/ Googlespace Website]." Google. Retrieved on February 26, 2007.</ref><ref name="heathrow">Donoghue, Andrew. "Google turns Heathrow into testing lab." ZDNet. November 24, 2005. Retrieved on February 25, 2007.</ref> Also, a similar page was launched for American college students, under the name College Life, Powered by Google.<ref name="collegelife">"College Life, Powered by Google Website." Retrieved on February 25, 2007.</ref>//www.google.co.uk/googlespace/ Googlespace Website]." Google. Retrieved on February 26, 2007.</ref><ref name="heathrow">Donoghue, Andrew. "Google turns Heathrow into testing lab." ZDNet. November 24, 2005. Retrieved on February 25, 2007.</ref> Also, a similar page was launched for American college students, under the name College Life, Powered by Google.<ref name="collegelife">"College Life, Powered by Google Website." Retrieved on February 25, 2007.</ref>

www.theregister.co.uk/2007/03/16/google_phone_confirmed/ Google Phone - it's for real]." The Register. March 16, 2007. Retrieved on April 1, 2007.</ref><ref name="smith">Smith, David. "The future for Orange could soon be Google in your pocket." The Guardian. December 17, 2006. Retrieved on April 1 2007.</ref><ref name="ricker">Ricker, Thomas. "The Google Switch: an iPhone killer?." Engadget. January 18, 2007. Retrieved on April 1, 2007.</ref> The project, called Android provides a standard development kit that will allow any "Android" phone to run software developed for the Android SDK, no matter the phone manufacturer. In October 2007, Google SMS service was launched in India allowing users to get business listings, movie showtimes, and information by sending an SMS.//www.theregister.co.uk/2007/03/16/google_phone_confirmed/ Google Phone - it's for real]." The Register. March 16, 2007. Retrieved on April 1, 2007.</ref><ref name="smith">Smith, David. "The future for Orange could soon be Google in your pocket." The Guardian. December 17, 2006. Retrieved on April 1 2007.</ref><ref name="ricker">Ricker, Thomas. "The Google Switch: an iPhone killer?." Engadget. January 18, 2007. Retrieved on April 1, 2007.</ref> The project, called Android provides a standard development kit that will allow any "Android" phone to run software developed for the Android SDK, no matter the phone manufacturer. In October 2007, Google SMS service was launched in India allowing users to get business listings, movie showtimes, and information by sending an SMS.

Enterprise products

www.pcworld.ca:80/news/column/8088b6470a01040800f483b40707b39a/pg1.htm Google Apps: Killer software or killer decision?]." PCWorld.ca. March 23, 2007. Retrieved on March 25, 2007.</ref>//www.pcworld.ca:80/news/column/8088b6470a01040800f483b40707b39a/pg1.htm Google Apps: Killer software or killer decision?]." PCWorld.ca. March 23, 2007. Retrieved on March 25, 2007.</ref>

Platform

Main article: Google platform

www.baselinemag.com/print_article2/0,1217,a=182560,00.asp How Google Works]." Baseline Magazine. July 6, 2006. Retrieved on July 10, 2006.</ref>//www.baselinemag.com/print_article2/0,1217,a=182560,00.asp How Google Works]." Baseline Magazine. July 6, 2006. Retrieved on July 10, 2006.</ref>

Open source involvement

Google has encouraged participation in various open source projects with events such as Google Summer of Code and the Google Highly Open Participation Contest.

Corporate affairs and culture

money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/bestcompanies/2007/full_list/ 100 Best Companies to Work For 2007]." Fortune Magazine (link published by CNN). January 22, 2007. Retrieved on January 8, 2007.</ref> Google's corporate philosophy is based on many casual principles including, "You can make money without doing evil", "You can be serious without a suit," and "Work should be challenging and the challenge should be fun." A complete list of corporate fundamentals is available on Google's website.<ref>"Google Corporate Philosophy." Google. Retrieved on August 31, 2006.</ref> Google's relaxed corporate culture can also be seen externally through their holiday variations of the Google logo.//money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/bestcompanies/2007/full_list/ 100 Best Companies to Work For 2007]." Fortune Magazine (link published by CNN). January 22, 2007. Retrieved on January 8, 2007.</ref> Google's corporate philosophy is based on many casual principles including, "You can make money without doing evil", "You can be serious without a suit," and "Work should be challenging and the challenge should be fun." A complete list of corporate fundamentals is available on Google's website.<ref>"Google Corporate Philosophy." Google. Retrieved on August 31, 2006.</ref> Google's relaxed corporate culture can also be seen externally through their holiday variations of the Google logo.

www.mydanwei.com/query_salary.php?t_salary=google&type=salary&order_by=DATE_DESC Google Employee Salaries Data Survey] --Retrieved from mydanwei.com</ref> For example, some system administrators earn no more than US$35,000 per year – considered to be quite low for the Bay Area job market.<ref name="salaries">Penenberg, Adam L. "Why Google Is Like Wal-Mart." Wired. April 21, 2005. Retrieved on February 25, 2007.</ref> However, Google's stock performance following its IPO has enabled many early employees to be competitively compensated by participation in the corporation's remarkable equity growth.<ref name="shinalj">Shinal, John. "Google IPO achieved its major goal: It's all about raising cash for the company and rewarding employees, early investors." San Francisco Chronicle. August 22, 2004. Retrieved on February 25 2007.</ref> Google implemented other employee incentives in 2005, such as the Google Founders' Award, in addition to offering higher salaries to new employees. Google's workplace amenities, culture, global popularity, and strong brand recognition have also attracted potential applicants.//www.mydanwei.com/query_salary.php?t_salary=google&type=salary&order_by=DATE_DESC Google Employee Salaries Data Survey] --Retrieved from mydanwei.com</ref> For example, some system administrators earn no more than US$35,000 per year – considered to be quite low for the Bay Area job market.<ref name="salaries">Penenberg, Adam L. "Why Google Is Like Wal-Mart." Wired. April 21, 2005. Retrieved on February 25, 2007.</ref> However, Google's stock performance following its IPO has enabled many early employees to be competitively compensated by participation in the corporation's remarkable equity growth.<ref name="shinalj">Shinal, John. "Google IPO achieved its major goal: It's all about raising cash for the company and rewarding employees, early investors." San Francisco Chronicle. August 22, 2004. Retrieved on February 25 2007.</ref> Google implemented other employee incentives in 2005, such as the Google Founders' Award, in addition to offering higher salaries to new employees. Google's workplace amenities, culture, global popularity, and strong brand recognition have also attracted potential applicants.

money.cnn.com/2006/03/31/technology/google/index.htm Google leaders stick with $1 salary]." CNN. March 31, 2006. Retrieved on February 28, 2007.</ref> Subsequent offers by the company to increase their salaries have been turned down, primarily because, "their primary compensation continues to come from returns on their ownership stakes in Google. As significant stockholders, their personal wealth is tied directly to sustained stock price appreciation and performance, which provides direct alignment with stockholder interests."<ref name="topsalaries" /> Prior to 2004, Schmidt was making US$250,000 per year, and Page and Brin each earned a salary of US$150,000.<ref name="topsalaries" />//money.cnn.com/2006/03/31/technology/google/index.htm Google leaders stick with $1 salary]." CNN. March 31, 2006. Retrieved on February 28, 2007.</ref> Subsequent offers by the company to increase their salaries have been turned down, primarily because, "their primary compensation continues to come from returns on their ownership stakes in Google. As significant stockholders, their personal wealth is tied directly to sustained stock price appreciation and performance, which provides direct alignment with stockholder interests."<ref name="topsalaries" /> Prior to 2004, Schmidt was making US$250,000 per year, and Page and Brin each earned a salary of US$150,000.<ref name="topsalaries" />

www.forbes.com/lists/2007/54/richlist07_The-400-Richest-Americans_FinalWorth.html The 400 Richest Americans]." Forbes. September 20, 2007. Retrieved on September 22, 2007.</ref>//www.forbes.com/lists/2007/54/richlist07_The-400-Richest-Americans_FinalWorth.html The 400 Richest Americans]." Forbes. September 20, 2007. Retrieved on September 22, 2007.</ref>

Googleplex

Main article: Googleplex

As a play on Google's name, its headquarters, in Mountain View, California, is referred to as "the Googleplex" — a googolplex being 1 followed by a googol of zeros, and the HQ being a complex of buildings (cf. multiplex, cineplex, etc). The lobby is decorated with a piano, lava lamps, old server clusters, and a projection of search queries on the wall. The hallways are full of exercise balls and bicycles. Each employee has access to the corporate recreation center. Recreational amenities are scattered throughout the campus and include a workout room with weights and rowing machines, locker rooms, washers and dryers, a massage room, assorted video games, Foosball, a baby grand piano, a pool table, and ping pong. In addition to the rec room, there are snack rooms stocked with various foods and drinks.^{[citation needed]}

news.com.com/2100-1024_3-6121970.html Google takes a bigger bite of Big Apple]." c net. October 2, 2006. Retrieved on October 9, 2006.</ref> The office was specially designed and built for Google and houses its largest advertising sales team, which has been instrumental in securing large partnerships, most recently deals with MySpace and AOL.<ref name="manhattan" /> In 2003, they added an engineering staff in New York City, which has been responsible for more than 100 engineering projects, including Google Maps, Google Spreadsheets, and others.<ref name="manhattan" /> It is estimated that the building costs Google US$10 million per year to rent and is similar in design and functionality to its Mountain View headquarters, including Foosball, air hockey, and ping-pong tables, as well as a video game area.<ref name="manhattan" /> By late 2006, Google also established a new headquarters for its AdWords division in Ann Arbor, Michigan.<ref> Inside Google's Michigan Office

. InformationWeek 
 
 (October 24 2007)
   

.</ref>//news.com.com/2100-1024_3-6121970.html Google takes a bigger bite of Big Apple]." c net. October 2, 2006. Retrieved on October 9, 2006.</ref> The office was specially designed and built for Google and houses its largest advertising sales team, which has been instrumental in securing large partnerships, most recently deals with MySpace and AOL.<ref name="manhattan" /> In 2003, they added an engineering staff in New York City, which has been responsible for more than 100 engineering projects, including Google Maps, Google Spreadsheets, and others.<ref name="manhattan" /> It is estimated that the building costs Google US$10 million per year to rent and is similar in design and functionality to its Mountain View headquarters, including Foosball, air hockey, and ping-pong tables, as well as a video game area.<ref name="manhattan" /> By late 2006, Google also established a new headquarters for its AdWords division in Ann Arbor, Michigan.<ref> Inside Google's Michigan Office

. InformationWeek 
 
 (October 24 2007)
   

.</ref>

www.nytimes.com/2006/06/14/technology/14search.html?ei=5088&en=c96a72bbc5f90a47&ex=1307937600&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss&pagewanted=print Hiding in Plain Sight, Google Seeks More Power]." The New York Times. June 14, 2006. Retrieved on October 13, 2007.</ref>//www.nytimes.com/2006/06/14/technology/14search.html?ei=5088&en=c96a72bbc5f90a47&ex=1307937600&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss&pagewanted=print Hiding in Plain Sight, Google Seeks More Power]." The New York Times. June 14, 2006. Retrieved on October 13, 2007.</ref>

www.marketwatch.com/News/Story/Story.aspx?dist=newsfinder&siteid=mktw&guid=%7B630082C7-5370-46C2-8041-FC3FCA28CA16%7D Google plans to build huge solar energy system for headquarters]." MarketWatch. October 17, 2006. Retrieved on October 17, 2006.</ref> The system will be the largest solar power system constructed on a U.S. corporate campus and one of the largest on any corporate site in the world.<ref name="solar" /> In June 2007, Google announced that they plan to become carbon neutral by 2008, which includes investing in energy efficiency, renewable energy sources, and purchasing carbon offsets, such as investing in projects like capturing and burning methane from animal waste at Mexican and Brazilian farms.//www.marketwatch.com/News/Story/Story.aspx?dist=newsfinder&siteid=mktw&guid=%7B630082C7-5370-46C2-8041-FC3FCA28CA16%7D Google plans to build huge solar energy system for headquarters]." MarketWatch. October 17, 2006. Retrieved on October 17, 2006.</ref> The system will be the largest solar power system constructed on a U.S. corporate campus and one of the largest on any corporate site in the world.<ref name="solar" /> In June 2007, Google announced that they plan to become carbon neutral by 2008, which includes investing in energy efficiency, renewable energy sources, and purchasing carbon offsets, such as investing in projects like capturing and burning methane from animal waste at Mexican and Brazilian farms.

"Twenty percent" time

www.google.com/support/jobs/bin/static.py?page=about.html What's it like to work in Engineering, Operations, & IT?]." Google. Retrieved on August 2, 2006.</ref> In a talk at Stanford University, Marissa Mayer, Google's Vice President of Search Products and User Experience, stated that her analysis showed that half of the new product launches originated from the 20% time.<ref>Mayer, Marissa. "MS&E 472 Course: Entrepreneurial Thought Leaders Seminar Series." (video link; an audio podcast is also available in MP3 format). ETL Seminar Series/Stanford University. May 17, 2006. Retrieved on August 2, 2006.</ref>//www.google.com/support/jobs/bin/static.py?page=about.html What's it like to work in Engineering, Operations, & IT?]." Google. Retrieved on August 2, 2006.</ref> In a talk at Stanford University, Marissa Mayer, Google's Vice President of Search Products and User Experience, stated that her analysis showed that half of the new product launches originated from the 20% time.<ref>Mayer, Marissa. "MS&E 472 Course: Entrepreneurial Thought Leaders Seminar Series." (video link; an audio podcast is also available in MP3 format). ETL Seminar Series/Stanford University. May 17, 2006. Retrieved on August 2, 2006.</ref>

Easter eggs and April Fool's Day jokes

Main article: Google's hoaxes

www.google.com/mentalplex/ Google MentalPlex]." Google. April 1, 2000. Retrieved on February 22, 2007.</ref> In 2002, they claimed that pigeons were the secret behind their growing search engine.<ref name="pigeonrank">"The technology behind Google's great results." Google. April 1, 2002. Retrieved on February 22, 2007.</ref> In 2004, they featured Google Lunar (which claimed to feature jobs on the moon),<ref name="copernicus">"Google Copernicus Center is hiring." Google. April 1, 2004. Retrieved on February 22, 2007.</ref> and in 2005, a fictitious brain-boosting drink, termed Google Gulp was announced.<ref name="gulp">"Quench your thirst for knowledge." Google. April 1, 2005. Retrieved on February 22, 2007.</ref> In 2006, they came up with Google Romance, a hypothetical online dating service.<ref name="romance">Fox, Lynn. "Google to Organize World's Courtship Information with Google Romance." Google. April 1, 2006. Retrieved on February 22, 2007.</ref> In 2007, Google announced two joke products. The first was a free wireless Internet service called TiSP (Toilet Internet Service Provider) <ref name="TiSP">"Welcome to Google TiSP." Google. April 1, 2007. Retrieved on April 1, 2007.</ref> in which one obtained a connection by flushing one end of a fiber-optic cable down their toilet and waiting only an hour for a "Plumbing Hardware Dispatcher (PHD)" to connect it to the Internet.<ref name="TiSP"/> Additionally, Google's Gmail page displayed an announcement for Gmail Paper, which allows users of their free email service to have email messages printed and shipped to a snail mail address.<ref name="gmail_paper">"Gmail Paper." Google. April 1, 2007. Retrieved on April 1, 2007.</ref>//www.google.com/mentalplex/ Google MentalPlex]." Google. April 1, 2000. Retrieved on February 22, 2007.</ref> In 2002, they claimed that pigeons were the secret behind their growing search engine.<ref name="pigeonrank">"The technology behind Google's great results." Google. April 1, 2002. Retrieved on February 22, 2007.</ref> In 2004, they featured Google Lunar (which claimed to feature jobs on the moon),<ref name="copernicus">"Google Copernicus Center is hiring." Google. April 1, 2004. Retrieved on February 22, 2007.</ref> and in 2005, a fictitious brain-boosting drink, termed Google Gulp was announced.<ref name="gulp">"Quench your thirst for knowledge." Google. April 1, 2005. Retrieved on February 22, 2007.</ref> In 2006, they came up with Google Romance, a hypothetical online dating service.<ref name="romance">Fox, Lynn. "Google to Organize World's Courtship Information with Google Romance." Google. April 1, 2006. Retrieved on February 22, 2007.</ref> In 2007, Google announced two joke products. The first was a free wireless Internet service called TiSP (Toilet Internet Service Provider) <ref name="TiSP">"Welcome to Google TiSP." Google. April 1, 2007. Retrieved on April 1, 2007.</ref> in which one obtained a connection by flushing one end of a fiber-optic cable down their toilet and waiting only an hour for a "Plumbing Hardware Dispatcher (PHD)" to connect it to the Internet.<ref name="TiSP"/> Additionally, Google's Gmail page displayed an announcement for Gmail Paper, which allows users of their free email service to have email messages printed and shipped to a snail mail address.<ref name="gmail_paper">"Gmail Paper." Google. April 1, 2007. Retrieved on April 1, 2007.</ref>

Some thought the announcement of Gmail in 2004 around April Fool's Day (as well as the doubling of Gmail's storage space to two gigabytes in 2005) was a joke, although both of these turned out to be genuine announcements. In 2005, a comedic graph depicting Google's goal of "infinity plus one" GB of storage was featured on the Gmail homepage.

www.google.com/language_tools?hl=en Language Tools]." Google. Retrieved on January 24, 2007.</ref> In addition, the search engine calculator provides the Answer to Life, the Universe, and Everything from Douglas Adams' The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy.<ref>"Google Search Results for 'answer to life the universe and everything'." Google. Retrieved on January 24, 2007.</ref> As Google's search box can be used as a unit converter (as well as a calculator), some non-standard units are built in, such as the Smoot. Google also routinely modifies its logo in accordance with various holidays or special events throughout the year, such as Christmas, Mother's Day, or various birthdays of notable individuals.<ref name="google_holiday">"Holiday logos." Google. Retrieved on May 21, 2007.</ref>//www.google.com/language_tools?hl=en Language Tools]." Google. Retrieved on January 24, 2007.</ref> In addition, the search engine calculator provides the Answer to Life, the Universe, and Everything from Douglas Adams' The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy.<ref>"Google Search Results for 'answer to life the universe and everything'." Google. Retrieved on January 24, 2007.</ref> As Google's search box can be used as a unit converter (as well as a calculator), some non-standard units are built in, such as the Smoot. Google also routinely modifies its logo in accordance with various holidays or special events throughout the year, such as Christmas, Mother's Day, or various birthdays of notable individuals.<ref name="google_holiday">"Holiday logos." Google. Retrieved on May 21, 2007.</ref>

IPO and culture

www.wired.com/techbiz/media/news/2004/04/63241 Quirky Google Culture Endangered?]" Wired Magazine. April 28, 2004.</ref> because of shareholder pressure for employee benefit reductions and short-term advances, or because a large number of the company's employees would suddenly become millionaires on paper. In a report given to potential investors, co-founders Sergey Brin and Larry Page promised that the IPO would not change the company's culture.<ref>Baertlein, Lisa. "Google IPO at $2.7 billion." CIOL IT Unlimited. April 30, 2004.</ref> Later Mr. Page said, "We think a lot about how to maintain our culture and the fun elements. We spent a lot of time getting our offices right. We think it's important to have a high density of people. People are packed together everywhere. We all share offices. We like this set of buildings because it's more like a densely packed university campus than a typical suburban office park."<ref name="davidvise">Vise, David A. "Tactics of 'Google Guys' Test IPO Law's Limits." Washington Post. August 17, 2004. Retrieved on February 23, 2007.</ref>//www.wired.com/techbiz/media/news/2004/04/63241 Quirky Google Culture Endangered?]" Wired Magazine. April 28, 2004.</ref> because of shareholder pressure for employee benefit reductions and short-term advances, or because a large number of the company's employees would suddenly become millionaires on paper. In a report given to potential investors, co-founders Sergey Brin and Larry Page promised that the IPO would not change the company's culture.<ref>Baertlein, Lisa. "Google IPO at $2.7 billion." CIOL IT Unlimited. April 30, 2004.</ref> Later Mr. Page said, "We think a lot about how to maintain our culture and the fun elements. We spent a lot of time getting our offices right. We think it's important to have a high density of people. People are packed together everywhere. We all share offices. We like this set of buildings because it's more like a densely packed university campus than a typical suburban office park."<ref name="davidvise">Vise, David A. "Tactics of 'Google Guys' Test IPO Law's Limits." Washington Post. August 17, 2004. Retrieved on February 23, 2007.</ref>

www.nytimes.com/2005/08/24/technology/24valley.html Relax, Bill Gates; It's Google's Turn as the Villain]." New York Times. August 24, 2005.</ref><ref>Gibson, Owen; Wray, Richard. "Search giant may outgrow its fans." The Sydney Morning Herald. August 25,2005.</ref><ref>Ranka, Mohit. "Google - Don't Be Evil."OSNews. May 17,2007.</ref>//www.nytimes.com/2005/08/24/technology/24valley.html Relax, Bill Gates; It's Google's Turn as the Villain]." New York Times. August 24, 2005.</ref><ref>Gibson, Owen; Wray, Richard. "Search giant may outgrow its fans." The Sydney Morning Herald. August 25,2005.</ref><ref>Ranka, Mohit. "Google - Don't Be Evil."OSNews. May 17,2007.</ref> www.zdnet.com.au/insight/software/soa/Meet-Google-s-culture-czar/0,139023769,339275147,00.htm Meet Google's culture czar]." ZDNet. April 30, 2007. Retrieved on April 30, 2007.</ref>//www.zdnet.com.au/insight/software/soa/Meet-Google-s-culture-czar/0,139023769,339275147,00.htm Meet Google's culture czar]." ZDNet. April 30, 2007. Retrieved on April 30, 2007.</ref>

Criticism

Main article: Criticism of Google

news.com.com/Indian+president+rails+against+Google+Earth/2100-1028_3-5896888.html?part=rss&tag=5896888&subj=news Indian president warns against Google Earth]." c net. October 17, 2005. Retrieved on July 23, 2006.</ref> Google has also been criticized by advertisers regarding its inability to combat click fraud, when a person or automated script is used to generate a charge on an advertisement without really having an interest in the product. Industry reports in 2006 claim that approximately 14 to 20 percent of clicks were in fact fraudulent or invalid.<ref>Mills, Elinor. "Google to offer advertisers click fraud stats." c net. July 25, 2006. Retrieved on July 29, 2006.</ref>//news.com.com/Indian+president+rails+against+Google+Earth/2100-1028_3-5896888.html?part=rss&tag=5896888&subj=news Indian president warns against Google Earth]." c net. October 17, 2005. Retrieved on July 23, 2006.</ref> Google has also been criticized by advertisers regarding its inability to combat click fraud, when a person or automated script is used to generate a charge on an advertisement without really having an interest in the product. Industry reports in 2006 claim that approximately 14 to 20 percent of clicks were in fact fraudulent or invalid.<ref>Mills, Elinor. "Google to offer advertisers click fraud stats." c net. July 25, 2006. Retrieved on July 29, 2006.</ref>

www.journalgazette.net/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20071211/BIZ/712110335|work=Journal Gazette|publisher=Fort Wayne Newspapers|date=December 11, 2007|accessdate=2007-12-11}}</ref>//www.journalgazette.net/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20071211/BIZ/712110335|work=Journal Gazette|publisher=Fort Wayne Newspapers|date=December 11, 2007|accessdate=2007-12-11}}</ref>

Competitors

Google has competitors on a number of fronts - most notably search, but also advertising, blog hosting, mail (web, pop, and more recently imap), and video hosting (having added YouTube alongside Google Videos) among others.

In the search space, their significant competitors are:

• Live Search
• Yahoo!

See also

• Google Translate - Google's Web translator
• Googlebot - Google's Web crawler
• Google China - Chinese subsidiary of Google Web search
• Google File System - Google's internal distributed file system
• Google Platform - Google's server and system hardware architecture with geographic references
• Google logo
• Search engine
• TrustRank

References

Further reading

• Modèle:Cite book
• Modèle:Cite book

External links

Modèle:Sisterlinks www.google.com Google.com]//www.google.com Google.com] www.google.com Google.com]//www.google.com/corporate/ Corporate Homepage] www.google.com Google.com]//googleblog.blogspot.com/ Official Google Blog] www.google.com Google.com]//www.nsf.gov/discoveries/disc_summ.jsp?cntn_id=100660&org=NSF On the Origins of Google]

Modèle:Google Inc. Modèle:IT giants Modèle:NASDAQ-100

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