Wiktionary

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Modèle:Update Modèle:Infobox Website Wiktionary (a portmanteau of wiki and dictionary) is a multilingual, Web-based project to create a free content dictionary, available in over 151 languages. Unlike standard dictionaries, it is written collaboratively by volunteers using wiki software, allowing articles to be changed by almost anyone with access to the Web site.

Like its sister project Wikipedia, Wiktionary is run by the Wikimedia Foundation. Because Wiktionary is not limited by print space considerations, most of Wiktionary's language editions provide definitions and translations of words from many languages, and some editions offer additional information typically found in Thesauruses and lexicons. Additionally, the English Wiktionary now includes Wikisaurus, a category that serves as a thesaurus, including lists of slang words.<ref name="Wikisaurus">See "Creating a Wikisaurus entry" for information on the structure of Wikisaurus entries. An example of a well-formatted entry would be "Wikisaurus:insane".</ref>

History and development

www.wiktionary.org/ www.wiktionary.org].</ref> As of November 2006, Wiktionary features over 1.5 million entries across its 171 language editions. The largest of the language editions is the English Wiktionary, with over 400,000 entries. It was surpassed in early 2006 by the French Wiktionary, only to regain the top position in September 2006. Eight Wiktionary language editions now contain over 100,000 entries each.//www.wiktionary.org/ www.wiktionary.org].</ref> As of November 2006, Wiktionary features over 1.5 million entries across its 171 language editions. The largest of the language editions is the English Wiktionary, with over 400,000 entries. It was surpassed in early 2006 by the French Wiktionary, only to regain the top position in September 2006. Eight Wiktionary language editions now contain over 100,000 entries each.

en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Listusers user list] at the English Wiktionary identifies accounts that have been given "bot status".</ref> created 163,000 of the entries there.<ref name="Edit counter">TheDaveBot, TheCheatBot, Websterbot, PastBot, NanshuBot</ref> Only 259 entries remain (each containing many definitions) on Wiktionary from the original import by Websterbot from public domain sources; the majority of those imports have been split out to thousands of proper entries manually. Another one of these bots, "ThirdPersBot," was responsible for the addition of a number of third-person conjugations that would not receive their own entries in standard dictionaries; for instance, it defined "smoulders" as the "third-person singular simple present form of smoulder." Excluding these 163,000 entries, the English Wiktionary would have about 137,000 entries, including terms unique to languages other than English, making it smaller than most monolingual print dictionaries. The Oxford English Dictionary, for instance, has 615,000 headwords, while Merriam-Webster's Third New International Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged has 475,000 entries (with many additional embedded headwords). It should be noted, though, that more detailed statistics now exist to more clearly distinguish genuine entries from minor (small) entries.//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Listusers user list] at the English Wiktionary identifies accounts that have been given "bot status".</ref> created 163,000 of the entries there.<ref name="Edit counter">TheDaveBot, TheCheatBot, Websterbot, PastBot, NanshuBot</ref> Only 259 entries remain (each containing many definitions) on Wiktionary from the original import by Websterbot from public domain sources; the majority of those imports have been split out to thousands of proper entries manually. Another one of these bots, "ThirdPersBot," was responsible for the addition of a number of third-person conjugations that would not receive their own entries in standard dictionaries; for instance, it defined "smoulders" as the "third-person singular simple present form of smoulder." Excluding these 163,000 entries, the English Wiktionary would have about 137,000 entries, including terms unique to languages other than English, making it smaller than most monolingual print dictionaries. The Oxford English Dictionary, for instance, has 615,000 headwords, while Merriam-Webster's Third New International Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged has 475,000 entries (with many additional embedded headwords). It should be noted, though, that more detailed statistics now exist to more clearly distinguish genuine entries from minor (small) entries.

www.informatik.uni-leipzig.de/~duc/Dict/ Free Vietnamese Dictionary Project]. Details at the Vietnamese Wiktionary.</ref> These imported entries make up virtually all of the Vietnamese edition's offering. Like the English edition, the French Wiktionary has imported the approximately 20,000 entries in the Unihan database of Chinese, Japanese, and Korean characters. The French Wiktionary grew rapidly in 2006 thanks in large part to bots copying many entries from old, freely-licensed dictionaries, such as the eighth edition of the Dictionnaire de l'Académie française (1935, around 35,000 words), and using bots to add words from other Wiktionary editions with French translations. The Russian edition grew by nearly 80,000 entries as "LXbot" added boilerplate entries (with headings, but without definitions) for words in English and German.<ref name="LXbot">LXbot</ref>//www.informatik.uni-leipzig.de/~duc/Dict/ Free Vietnamese Dictionary Project]. Details at the Vietnamese Wiktionary.</ref> These imported entries make up virtually all of the Vietnamese edition's offering. Like the English edition, the French Wiktionary has imported the approximately 20,000 entries in the Unihan database of Chinese, Japanese, and Korean characters. The French Wiktionary grew rapidly in 2006 thanks in large part to bots copying many entries from old, freely-licensed dictionaries, such as the eighth edition of the Dictionnaire de l'Académie française (1935, around 35,000 words), and using bots to add words from other Wiktionary editions with French translations. The Russian edition grew by nearly 80,000 entries as "LXbot" added boilerplate entries (with headings, but without definitions) for words in English and German.<ref name="LXbot">LXbot</ref>

Most of Wiktionary currently uses a textual logo designed by Brion Vibber, a MediaWiki developer.<ref name="Wiktionary logo">"Wiktionary talk:Wiktionary Logo", English Wiktionary, Wikimedia Foundation.</ref> Despite frequent discussion of modifying or replacing the logo, a four-phase contest held at the Wikimedia Meta-Wiki from September to October 2006<ref name="New logo contest">"Wiktionary/logo", Meta-Wiki, Wikimedia Foundation.</ref> did not see as much participation from the Wiktionary community as some community members had hoped. As of June 2007, the French, Vietnamese, Italian, Korean, Lithuanian, Arabic, Sicilian, and Simple English editions have switched to the contest-chosen logo; the remaining editions use either the textual logo or, in the case of the Galician Wiktionary, a logo that depicts a dictionary bearing the Galician coat of arms.

Critical reception

Critical reception of Wiktionary has been mixed. Jill Lepore wrote in the article "Noah’s Ark" for The New Yorker, (November 6, 2006)<ref>The full article is not available on-line. Jill Lepore

  . 
 "
   Noah's Ark
www.wiktionary.org///www.newyorker.com/archive/2006/11/06/061106fa_fact_lepore
   
 "  (Abstract) 
    , The New Yorker
  , 6 November 2006
 
  . Retrieved on 2007-04-21
 . </ref>

There’s no show of hands at Wiktionary. There’s not even an editorial staff. "Be your own lexicographer!" might be Wiktionary’s motto. Who needs experts? Why pay good money for a dictionary written by lexicographers when we can cobble one together ourselves?

Wiktionary isn’t so much republican or democratic as Maoist. And it’s only as good as the copyright-expired books from which it pilfers. If you look up the word "Webster" in the Wiktionary, you will be redirected to this handy tip:

Noah Webster’s New International Dictionary of the English Language, 1911 (published by Merriam-Webster, Springfield, MA) is a public domain dictionary, as is a 1913 edition, that can be used to empower Wiktionary with more definitions.

But, hey, at least they got his first name right.</blockquote>

Keir Graff’s review for Booklist was more neutral:

Is there a place for Wiktionary? Undoubtedly. The industry and enthusiasm of its many creators are proof that there’s a market. And it’s wonderful to have another strong source to use when searching the odd terms that pop up in today’s fast-changing world and the online environment. But as with so many Web sources (including this column), it’s best used by sophisticated users in conjunction with more reputable sources.

en.wiktionary.org/wiki/wooly|title=wooly|work=Wiktionary}}</ref>) One of the impediments to independent coverage of Wiktionary is the continuing confusion that it is merely an extension of Wikipedia.<ref>In this citation, the author refers to Wiktionary as part of the Wikipedia site: Modèle:Cite news//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/wooly</ref>) One of the impediments to independent coverage of Wiktionary is the continuing confusion that it is merely an extension of Wikipedia.<ref>In this citation, the author refers to Wiktionary as part of the Wikipedia site: Adapted from an article by Naomi DeTullio

  . 
 "
   Wikis for Librarians
www.wiktionary.org///www.netls.org/NewContent/NewsAndPictures/NEWSLETTERS/NEWS2006/142final.pdf
   
 "  (PDF newsletter) 
    , NETLS News #142 , Northeast Texas Library System
  , 2006 (1st Quarter)
  , p. 15
   
  . Retrieved on 2007-04-21
 . </ref>

www.pcmag.com/article2/0,1895,1786207,00.asp|publisher=PC Magazine|work=Top 101 Web Sites|title=Wiktionary|date=2005-04-06|accessdate=2005-12-16}}</ref> although little information was given about the site.//www.pcmag.com/article2/0,1895,1786207,00.asp|publisher=PC Magazine|work=Top 101 Web Sites|title=Wiktionary|date=2005-04-06|accessdate=2005-12-16}}</ref> although little information was given about the site.

en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ALog&type=block&user=&page= block] of that IP Address.//en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ALog&type=block&user=&page= block] of that IP Address.

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Wiktionary statistics

meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wiktionaries List of Wiktionary editions], ranked by article count. Accessed June 25, 2007.</ref>//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wiktionaries List of Wiktionary editions], ranked by article count. Accessed June 25, 2007.</ref>

No.	Language	Language (local)	Wiki	Entries	Total	Edits	Admins	Users	Images	Updated
1	English	English en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Statistics?action=raw 532611]	661224 en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Recentchanges 2990719] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Listadmins 57] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Listusers 45444] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Imagelist 5]	2007-09-18 00:31:18
2	French	Français en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/ fr] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Statistics?action=raw 464175]	507697 en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Recentchanges 2514317] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Listadmins 15] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Listusers 4235] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Imagelist 15]	2007-09-18 00:31:44
3	Vietnamese	Tiếng Việt en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//vi.wiktionary.org/wiki/ vi] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//vi.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Statistics?action=raw 225014]	230651 en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//vi.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Recentchanges 704913] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//vi.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Listadmins 3] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//vi.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Listusers 1014] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//vi.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Imagelist 16]	2007-09-18 00:30:45
4	Turkish	Türkçe en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//tr.wiktionary.org/wiki/ tr] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//tr.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Statistics?action=raw 163611]	178301 en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//tr.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Recentchanges 304926] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//tr.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Listadmins 6] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//tr.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Listusers 2158] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//tr.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Imagelist 86]	2007-09-18 00:30:33
5	Greek	Ελληνικά en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//el.wiktionary.org/wiki/ el] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//el.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Statistics?action=raw 153744]	167455 en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//el.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Recentchanges 435360] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//el.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Listadmins 5] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//el.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Listusers 360] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//el.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Imagelist 23]	2007-09-18 00:30:21
6	Russian	Русский en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/ ru] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Statistics?action=raw 127320]	156052 en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Recentchanges 462554] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Listadmins 3] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Listusers 869] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Imagelist 148]	2007-09-18 00:30:23
7	Ido	Ido en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//io.wiktionary.org/wiki/ io] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//io.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Statistics?action=raw 119288]	158014 en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//io.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Recentchanges 543480] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//io.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Listadmins 1] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//io.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Listusers 107] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//io.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Imagelist 3]	2007-09-18 00:31:47
8	Chinese	中文 en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/ zh] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Statistics?action=raw 113891]	131771 en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Recentchanges 477072] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Listadmins 6] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Listusers 2905] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Imagelist 195]	2007-09-18 00:31:32
9	Polish	Polski en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//pl.wiktionary.org/wiki/ pl] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//pl.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Statistics?action=raw 77292]	110446 en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//pl.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Recentchanges 516929] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//pl.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Listadmins 16] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//pl.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Listusers 1695] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//pl.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Imagelist 72]	2007-09-18 00:31:33
10	Italian	Italiano en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//it.wiktionary.org/wiki/ it] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//it.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Statistics?action=raw 63936]	73773 en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//it.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Recentchanges 378379] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//it.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Listadmins 15] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//it.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Listusers 1960] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ en]//it.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Imagelist 50]	2007-09-18 00:31:35

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See also

• OmegaWiki, a translating multilingual dictionary based on an extension of MediaWiki.

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References

<references />

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External links

Modèle:Wiktionary www.wiktionary.org/ Wiktionary front page]//www.wiktionary.org/ Wiktionary front page]

• www.wiktionary.org/ Wiktionary front page]//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Main_Page English Wiktionary]

www.wiktionary.org/ Wiktionary front page]//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Multilingual_statistics Wiktionary's Multilingual Statistics] www.wiktionary.org/ Wiktionary front page]//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wiktionaries Wikimedia's page on Wiktionary] (including list of all existing Wiktionaries) www.wiktionary.org/ Wiktionary front page]//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Wiktionary Pages about Wiktionary in Meta]. www.wiktionary.org/ Wiktionary front page]//www.apple.com/downloads/dashboard/reference/wiktionarywidget.html The Wiktionary Widget] for the Mac OS X Dashboard which pulls up Wiktionary articles.

Modèle:Wikimedia Foundation Modèle:Wikipediahistoryals:Wiktionary an:Biquizionario zh-min-nan:Wiktionary br:Wikeriadur bg:Уикиречник ca:Viccionari cs:Wikislovník cy:Wiciadur da:Wiktionary de:Wiktionary et:Vikisõnaraamat el:Βικιλεξικό es:Wikcionario eo:Vikivortaro eu:Wikiztegia fa:ویکی‌واژه fr:Wiktionnaire ko:위키낱말사전 hi:विकि-शब्दकोष hr:Wječnik ig:Wiktionary id:Wiktionary is:Wiktionary it:Wikizionario he:ויקימילון ka:ვიკილექსიკონი csb:Słowôrz Wikipediji ku:Wîkîferheng la:Victionarium lt:Vikižodynas li:Wiktionary hu:Wikiszótár ms:Wiktionary nl:Wiktionary ja:ウィクショナリー no:Wiktionary oc:Wikiccionari pl:Wikisłownik pt:Wikcionário ro:Wiktionary ru:Викисловарь sc:Bichitzionàriu sq:Wiktionary simple:Wiktionary sk:Wikislovník sl:Wikislovar sr:Wrecnik su:Wiktionary fi:Wikisanakirja sv:Wiktionary ta:விக்சனரி th:วิกิพจนานุกรม vi:Wiktionary tr:Vikisözlük uk:Вікісловник yi:וויקיווערטערבוך zh-yue:維基辭典

zh:维基词典