Friends
Un article de Vev.
Modèle:Otheruses4 Modèle:Infobox Television Friends was an Emmy Award-winning American sitcom about a group living in the New York City borough of Manhattan that was originally broadcast from 1994 to 2004. It was created by David Crane and Marta Kauffman, and produced by Kevin S. Bright, Marta Kauffman and David Crane. The show has been broadcast in over one hundred countries and still continues to attract good ratings for its episodes in syndication. The final episode of the show was watched by an estimated US audience of 51.1 million.<ref>"
Estimated 51.1M Tune in for 'Friends' Finale " , Fox News , 2004-05-07 . </ref>
Sommaire |
Cast
- Jennifer Aniston as Rachel Green, a waitress for Central Perk who later gets a career in fashion management at Ralph Lauren
- Courteney Cox Arquette as Monica Geller, a neurotic chef.
- Lisa Kudrow as Phoebe Buffay, an eccentric masseuse and incompetent guitarist.
- Matt LeBlanc as Joey Tribbiani, a struggling actor who becomes famous for his role on Days Of Our Lives as Dr. Drake Ramoray.
- Matthew Perry as Chandler Bing, an executive in statistical analysis and data reconfiguration. He later gets a job in advertising.
- David Schwimmer as Ross Geller, Monica's older brother, a paleontologist working at a museum of Natural History and later a professor of paleontology at New York University.
Two of the series' stars, Matthew Perry and Jennifer Aniston, had already appeared in several unsuccessful sitcom pilots. Another, Lisa Kudrow, was also familiar with working on sitcoms, having played Ursula Buffay on Mad About You. (In a postmodern twist, it was revealed in Friends that Phoebe was Ursula's twin sister.) Kudrow was cast in the pilot of Frasier in the role of Roz, but the part was later re-cast with Peri Gilpin in the role.<ref>Biography for Lisa Kudrow at the IMDb</ref> Courteney Cox was already an accomplished TV and film actress when she was cast in 'Friends', having appeared in the likes of Ace Ventura: Pet Detective and with several minor roles on sitcoms such as Seinfeld and Family Ties. The character of Ross was written with David Schwimmer in mind; having auditioned for Crane and Kauffman in the past, Schwimmer was said to have a memorable voice and was most known for his Broadway work. Matt LeBlanc appeared as Vinnie Verducci in Married... with Children in the early 1990s and starred in that sitcom's short-lived spin-off, Top of the Heap, as well as in the unrelated Vinnie & Bobby, but before that had mainly been focusing on advertising and modeling work when he was cast as Joey Tribbiani.
During the show's run, the cast all achieved household name celebrity status,<ref> Gorman, Steve
. " NBC's "Friends" heads for much-hyped farewell " , Forbes , 2004-05-04 . </ref> and all pursued careers in the movies, with varied success. Aniston's movie career is predominantly populated with light rom-coms. Cox made several lightweight films and achieved her greatest success with the Scream series, followed by an exclusive appearance in a critically acclaimed named TV series called Dirt that portrayed her as a ruthless editor of a titbit tabloid magazine. Kudrow fared best in low budget indie films - a far cry from the role of Phoebe, most notably The Opposite of Sex. Perry co-stared in the Canadian mafia comedy The Whole Nine Yards (film) along with Bruce Willis, who had made guest appearances on the friends show. The movie lead to the followup The Whole Ten Yards. Perry also did well in the The Ron Clark Story. Schwimmer and LeBlanc have not fared as well as actors in the movie world as the rest of the Friends cast. In 2007, Schwimmer directed the British comedy Run, Fat Boy, Run starring Simon Pegg, famous for his direction and appearance of hit comedy films Shaun of the Dead and Hot Fuzz, and Hank Azaria, who made some guest appearances on Friends and is mainly famous for the voice of Apu on The Simpsons.
Behind the scenes, the show was known for its unusually cohesive and unified cast. The six main actors made deliberate efforts, from early on, to keep the show's ensemble format and not allow one member to dominate. This included requesting that all actors on the show be nominated either for the same category of award ("Supporting Actor" until 2001, then "Lead Actor" from 2002 onwards) or not at all, and entering collective instead of individual salary negotiations.<ref> Balancing friends and family
. Retrieved on 2006-09-17.
</ref> The actors became such close friends that one guest star, Tom Selleck, reported sometimes feeling left out.<ref>"
Why we'll miss our absent Friends " , Irish Independent , 2004-05-06 . </ref> The cast remained good friends after the show's run, most notably Courteney Cox and Jennifer Aniston, with Aniston being godmother to Courteney's daughter, Coco.
Storylines and format
The first season introduces the six main characters and establishes the love Ross has felt for Rachel since the characters attended high school. Several episodes revolve around his attempts to tell her how he feels. She eventually finds out in the season finale. Meanwhile, Ross's lesbian ex-wife Carol is pregnant with his baby. This puts him and Carol's partner Susan in an awkward position. She delivers the baby at the end of the season. Ross and Carol decide to name him Ben. The episodic nature of the season sees the other characters having multiple dates, many of which go wrong (Monica dates a minor in one episode, for example). The recurring character of Janice (played by Maggie Wheeler) is introduced as a girlfriend Chandler breaks up with in an early episode but frequently returns to him through the ensuing ten seasons.
The second season features more serialised storylines; it begins with Rachel discovering Ross is dating Julie (played by Lauren Tom), someone he knew from grad school. Tom recurs for several episodes early in the season. Rachel's attempts to tell Ross she likes him mirror his storylines in the first season, though the character eventually begin a relationship that lasts into the following season. Joey, a struggling actor in the first season, gets a part in a fictionalized version of the soap opera Days of Our Lives but loses the part soon after when he angers the writers by saying that he writes his own lines in an interview. Tom Selleck begins a recurring guest role as Richard Burke partway through the season. Richard dates Monica for several episodes but she breaks up with him in the season finale. The second season also served to deepen Chandler and Joey's friendship. This becomes especially apparent in the episodes in which Joey temporarily moves out and a creepy guy named Eddie moves in.
Season three took on a significantly greater serialised format.<ref>Modèle:Cite book</ref> Rachel and Ross's relationship breaks down when he sleeps with another woman. His pleas that he and Rachel were "on a break" becomes a running gag through the remaining seasons. The two show significant animosity towards each other through the second half of the season, though the cliffhanger ending suggests the two reconcile. Interestingly, the first episode after they break up doesn't focus on the two of them, but on Chandler, who's having a very hard time dealing with the situation, as it reminds him of his parents' divorce. Phoebe, established as having no family bar an absent sister, becomes acquainted with her brother (played by Giovanni Ribisi) and in the finale discovers her birth mother she never knew she had (played by Teri Garr).
During the fourth season, Lisa Kudrow became pregnant. To explain away her pregnancy, a storyline was created whereby Phoebe became a surrogate mother to the children of her brother and his wife (played by Debra Jo Rupp).<ref>E!-online</ref> Ross and Rachel briefly reconcile in the premiere but soon break up again. Mid-season, having got over the break up, he begins dating an English woman called Emily (played by Helen Baxendale) and the finale, featuring the wedding of the characters, was filmed on location in London. Chandler and Monica sleep together.
The fifth season follows Monica and Chandler keeping their new relationship a secret from their friends, while Ross's marriage to Emily ends before it even started, following their wedding where he said Rachel's name in his vows (Baxendale's pregnancy prevented her from appearing on-screen in all but two episodes<ref>Daily Mail</ref>). Monica and Chandler's relationship becomes public and on a trip away to Las Vegas, they decide to get married. On a cliffhanger, Ross and Rachel stumble out of the wedding chapel.
In the sixth season premiere Ross and Rachel's marriage is established to be a drunken mistake and the two get a divorce (Ross's third). Monica and Chandler move in to her apartment together and Rachel moves in with Phoebe. Joey, still a struggling actor, gets a part on a cable television series, where he stars alongside a robot. Ross gets a job lecturing at New York University and starts dating a student (played by Alexandra Holden). Bruce Willis makes a three-episode cameo as her father. In the final episodes, Chandler decides to propose to Monica. Monica gets wind of this idea, and attempts to propose herself, but breaks down in tears and cannot finish. Chandler then asks her to marry him and the show is ended with celebration with many of the friends who were standing outside the door.
Season seven largely concerns various wedding-related antics by Monica and Chandler. Joey's television series is cancelled but he is offered his old job back on Days of Our Lives. The two-part season finale follows Monica and Chandler's wedding, with guest stars that include Kathleen Turner as Chandler's father. The closing moments of the season reveal that Rachel is pregnant.
The eighth season's first episodes follow a "Who's the father?" format, with the father revealed to be Ross in episode two, with Rachel telling him in episode three. Joey begins to develop romantic feelings for roommate Rachel (who moved in with Joey after the fire at Phoebe's apartment left them with only one bedroom)and when they are revealed things become awkward for the two. Eventually their friendship returns to its status quo but in the finale, following Rachel's birth, she accepts an accidental proposal of marriage from him. The season was regarded as a return to form for the series; its ratings increased as viewers tuned in for comfort following the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks.<ref> Carter , Bill
. " Plot Twists Paid Off For 'Friends' " , The New York Times , 2002-02-18 . Retrieved on 2007-11-13 . </ref> It won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series.
The ninth season follows Ross and Rachel living together with baby Emma after she and Joey clear up the misdirected proposal. She soon moves back in with Joey after a fight with Ross. Monica and Chandler, inspired by Ross and Rachel, decide to conceive a child of their own. They seek medical advice after several episodes of trying for a baby and discover both of them are physically unable to conceive. Paul Rudd appears in the recurring role of Mike Hannigan, a new boyfriend for Phoebe. Hank Azaria returns as David "the scientist guy", a character originated in the first season, and Phoebe must choose between the two in the finale, deciding to choose Mike. Aisha Tyler appears as the series' first recurring black character.<ref> Braxton , Greg
. " Hollywood loves BBFs 4-Ever " , Los Angeles Times , 2007-08-29 . Retrieved on 2007-11-13 . </ref> Tyler plays Charlie, Joey's intelligent girlfriend.
The tenth season closes up several storylines; Monica and Chandler decide to adopt a child, meeting Erica, a birth mother from Ohio (played by Anna Faris). Erica gives birth to twins in the series finale. Phoebe and Mike get married towards the end of the season and Rachel takes a job based in Paris. Ross declares his love for her and they resume their relationship in the season finale, while Monica and Chandler move out of their apartment into the suburbs. Joey is upset that everything is changing.
Production
Friends was created in 1994 by David Crane and Marta Kauffman as a followup to their cable series Dream On. Friends was aimed at young adults who, during the early 1990s, were identified by their café culture, dating scene and modern independence.<ref name="sa">"
Friends' say final goodbye
The staple of NBC's must-see lineup may have hung around a little too long, but it was a trend-setter
" , San Antonio Express-News
, 2004-05-06
. </ref>
Originally to be named Across the Hall, Six of One, Insomnia Café, or Friends Like Us,<ref> Lauer, Matt
(2005-05-04) . 'Friends' creators share show's beginnings . MSNBC
.</ref> Friends was produced by Bright/Kauffman/Crane Productions, in association with Warner Bros. Television, for NBC in the U.S., and was first broadcast on that network. 'Friends' debuted on September 22, 1994. The show was a huge success throughout its ten-year run and was a staple of the NBC Thursday night line-up. Kauffman and Crane note only one moment they would take back - the use of the line "I'm wearing two belts." in two different episodes and seasons. <ref name="sa" /> The final episode aired on May 6, 2004. The finale was one of the most-watched series finales in television history, behind only M*A*S*H, Cheers, and Seinfeld. The fountain seen in the opening title sequence can be found at the Warner Bros. Ranch at 411 N. Hollywood Way, in Burbank, California, about a half mile north of the main studio lot. The fountain was also used prominently in the finale of the Charlton Heston classic, The Omega Man, and in the film version of the Broadway musical, 1776. The opening scene was shot at about 4:00 in the morning while it was extremely cold.<ref> Pollak, Michael
. " F. Y. I. " , New York Times , 2005-11-27 . </ref>
After the series finale in 2004, the spin-off show Joey was created. Many fans heavily criticized NBC's decision to give the one-dimensional Joey character his own show and ratings decreased significantly between the first and second season.<ref> Joey cancelled
. World Entertainment News Network (2006-05-16)
. Retrieved on 2007-09-21. </ref> Forty-six episodes were filmed, but only 38 episodes aired in the U.S. The show was canceled on May 15, 2006. Only the first season has been released on DVD. The first episode drew 18.6 million viewers compared to the four million who tuned into the final broadcast episode.
Cultural impact
Friends has made a notable contribution to some areas of popular culture - in particular, language and fashion. The use of "so" to mean "very" or "really" was not invented by any Friends writer, but it is arguable that the extensive use of the phrase in the series encouraged its use in everyday life<ref>"Top TV sitcom so transforms use of English" University of Toronto, January 7, 2004. URL accessed May 16, 2006</ref> (others assert that the use of "so" on Friends as an "unconditional" in the sense of "absolutely" ["You are so moving"; "You are so dead"], supplanting its 80s counterpart "totally," was much more influential than "so" in the sense of "very," which was firmly established in the vernacular long before Friends). The series has also been noted for its impact on everyday fashion and hairstyles. Jennifer Aniston's hairstyle was nicknamed "The Rachel" and copied around the world.<ref>'The Rachel' remains a cut above the rest by Jae-Ha Kim, Chicago Sun-Times, April 29 2004. Retrieved June 15 2006</ref>
Joey Tribbiani's catchphrase "How you doin'?" has become a popular part of American slang, often used as a pick-up line or when greeting friends.<ref> Anne, S.
. " How you doin " , The Hindu , 2004-12-27 . </ref> The show also popularized the idea of the "laminated list", a list of celebrities that a person's partner will permit them to sleep with if they were to ever meet them. In "The One with Frank Jr." the characters exchange "lists" verbally, while Ross creates a physical list and laminates it, making his choices permanent. The concept of the laminated list has been adopted by the Hollywood Stock Exchange website.<ref>http://movies.hsx.com/servlet/SecurityDetail?symbol=LLIST</ref>
The phrase "Ross and Rachel" has appeared as a joke in Scrubs: the janitor describes J.D.'s relationship with Elliot as "not exactly Ross and Rachel." After a pause, the "Ross and Rachel" in question is revealed to be two other employees in the hospital, "Dr. Ross, and Rachel from book keeping," and the offscreen shots. Friends has been referenced again in the Scrubs episode, "My Cold Shower"; Carla describes J.D and Elliot's relationship as being, "On and off more than Ross and Rachel, from Friends", J.D then explains how he is nothing like Ross and in Doctor Cox's tradition of calling J.D girl's names, he tells J.D he's more like Rachel.
One of the principal settings of the series, the "Central Perk" coffee house has inspired various imitations worldwide (the coffee house is based on Cholmondeley's, a coffee shop and lounge in Usen Castle at Brandeis University, the alma mater of the show's creators), including the now-defunct "Phoenix Perk" in Dublin (named for the park in the city). In 2006 Iranian businessman Mojtaba Asadian started a "Central Perk" franchise, registering the name in 32 countries. The décor of his coffee houses are inspired by that in Friends. James Michael Tyler attended the grand opening of the flagship Dubai café and is the spokesman for the company.<ref> Kalsi , Jyoti
. " Where Friends hang out " , Gulf News , 2006-08-05 . Retrieved on 2007-11-12 . </ref>
One of Phoebe's songs, "Smelly Cat", became popular enough to be adopted by a group of Portuguese comedians claiming to be fans of Friends, who named their show "Gato Fedorento" (Portuguese for "smelly cat"). This choice of name was probably the basis for their statement that they 'often steal ideas from American comedians'. The cat (normally drawn with smell lines) has become Gato Fedorento's mascot, and the four comedians are usually known as "the smelly cats" or simply "the cats". One of the comedians, José Diogo Quintela, has stated that he thought "smelly cat" meant "cranky chair" in English, and some fans still call the show Cadeira Rançosa (cranky chair).
Friends received a lot of criticism from the National Association of Black Folks, because there weren't any important recurring black characters in the show, apart from Charlie in season 9. After that, the National Association of Gay Folks also criticised the show for it not having any important gay characters.
Awards and nominations
Modèle:Start box Modèle:S-awards Modèle:Succession box Modèle:End box
Ratings
US ratings
The 66-minute series finale was named by Entertainment Tonight as the biggest TV moment of the year 2004, and was the second highest rated show in 2004, bringing in 52.5 million viewers (43% of all viewers that night), beaten only by the Super Bowl.<ref> Courtney Cox Plans a Special Thanksgiving With "Friends" Co-Stars
. Softpedia (2005-07-20)
.</ref> However, it did not surpass the ratings received by series finales for M*A*S*H (106m), Cheers (80.4m) or Seinfeld (76.3m), nor was it the most watched episode of Friends—that accolade remains with the Season Two episode "The One After the Superbowl", which aired on January 28, 1996 and drew 52.9 m viewers.
Seasonal Nielsen Rankings (based on average total viewers per episode) of Friends on NBC:<ref name="nielsenratings">"
Welcome to Friends Ratings Presented by Dan, the Only Complete Online Friends Ratings Archive! " , 2004 . </ref>
Note: Each U.S. network television season starts in late September and ends in late May, or occasionally early June, which coincides with the completion of May sweeps.
Australian and New Zealand ratings
Friends debuted on Australian television in 1996 on Seven Network, and averaged 1,788,000 viewers. It ranked as the 8th most watched regular program that year. The second season of Friends aired on the Nine Network the following year, taking the number 2 position and averaged 2,291,000 viewers. The next year saw an increase in its position and viewers, taking the top position and averaging 2,543,000 viewers, with repeats averaging 1,918,000 viewers coming in at number 6. In 1999, the series continued to increase its ratings, averaging 2,586,000 viewers. The year 2000 saw a slight drop in viewers, averaging 2,340,000, but it retained its number one position.
2001 is a contentious year for TV ratings in Australia, with Oztam taking over. Oztam showed slight differences in ratings for most shows broadcast on Nine Network, and saw a significant drop in total viewers across all networks. Oztam has Friends averaging 1,816,000 viewers nationally, and ranking as the 3rd most watched program. However, Nielsen Media Research Australia has Friends averaging 2,340 000 viewers and continuing to rank as number 1. In 2002, Friends dropped to number 2, behind National Nine News, and averaged 1,850,000 viewers.[citation needed]
2003 saw erratic scheduling of Friends on the Nine Network, and as a result saw a major drop in viewers. It ranked as the 10th most watched regular program that year, averaging 1,629,000 viewers, but was the third most watched scripted show that year.[citation needed] 2004 saw a good start to Friends, with ratings averaging around 1.7-2 million viewers each week.[citation needed] However, after a long hiatus of around 4 months, and delaying the final episode by 7 months until after the Athens Olympic finished, Friends saw a decrease in its ratings. The tenth season averaged 1,716,000 viewers and ranked as the 6th most watched program, and again ranked as the third most watched scripted program. The final episode averaged 2,273,000 viewers. As was the case in the United States, this was not the highest rated episode of Friends. Several times in 1998, Friends received over 2.5 million viewers.[citation needed]
Friends still holds the record for the highest rated scripted episode of television of the 21st century, with the honor going to the 2001 season finale (2,541,000).[citation needed]Cable TV channel Arena (a Foxtel and Optus channel) airs Friends repeats daily, but surprisingly, Nine did not air Friends repeats like they did with another popular US sitcom, Frasier. In November 2007, it was announced that Network Ten has bought the rights to the show and will air it seven nights a week from December 2nd screening at 7:00p.m. replacing Futurama repeats. This will be part of their 2007/2008 summer schedule, meaning that the show will have aired on all of Australia's "Big Three" television networks.
In New Zealand the show continues to receive high numbers of viewers and hasn't gone off the air since the show ended fully. It has aired at 6:30pm on TV2 (New Zealand) in constant repeats.
British and Irish ratings
Friends was first aired on the terrestrial Channel 4, but was soon taken over by satellite subscription channel Sky One while the latter was still a minor player in the television market. The series achieved a more mainstream audience through repeat showings on Channel 4. In 2000 the first-run broadcast returned to Channel 4, when the company launched its digital channel E4.[citation needed] The series finale was heavily promoted, and claimed 9.64 million viewers when broadcast in 2004.[citation needed] This was the highest British figure for the series and the channel's most-watched program of 2004.[citation needed] The program continues to be repeated daily on E4, Channel 4 and S4C in Wales. In the Republic of Ireland the show achieved exceptionally high ratings.[citation needed] The show continues to run twice weekly on RTÉ Two Ireland.
Merchandise
A wide range of Friends merchandise has been produced by various companies. One of the most recent additions is a Friends version of the DVD game "Scene It?", which features clips from the show, trivia questions from all seasons, and other on-screen puzzles. Friends: The One with All the Trivia, a quiz game "hosted" by James Michael Tyler, Christina Pickles, Elliott Gould and Maggie Wheeler as their respective characters from the series. In 1995, WEA Records released the Friends Original TV Soundtrack, featuring music used in or inspired by the show. In between some of the songs, there was spoken dialog from scenes from the show's first season. In 1999, a second soundtrack album entitled Friends Again was released. The first soundtrack achieved sales of over 1 million and peaked at #41 on the US charts.[citation needed] The second sold 0.5 million copies, though did not chart.[citation needed] All ten seasons of the series have been released on DVD around the world and include special features (such as audio commentaries) in some regions.
| DVD name | Region 1 release date | Region 3 release date |
|---|---|---|
| The Complete 1st Season | April 30, 2002 | Volume 1: November 23, 2000 Volume 2: December 16, 2000 |
| The Complete 2nd Season | September 3 2002 | Volume 1: January 26, 2001 Volume 2: September 28, 2001 |
| The Complete 3rd Season | April 1 2003 | Volume 1: September 7, 2001 Volume 2: October 5, 2001 |
| The Complete 4th Season | July 15 2003 | Volume 1: November 2, 2002 Volume 2: November 23, 2002 |
| The Complete 5th Season | November 4 2003 | Volume 1: February 8, 2002 Volume: March 8, 2002 |
| The Complete 6th Season | January 27 2004 | Volume 1: June 7, 2002 Volume 2: July 5, 2002 |
| The Complete 7th Season | April 6 2004 | Volume 1: February 7, 2003 Volume 2: March 7, 2003 |
| The Complete 8th Season | November 9 2004 | Volume 1: February 6, 2004 Volume 2: March 5, 2004 |
| The Complete 9th Season | March 8, 2005 | Volume 1: February 4, 2005 Volume 2: March 4, 2005 |
| The Complete 10th Season | November 15 2005 |
All ten seasons were re-released in region 2 on October 25, 2004. For region 1, when Season Ten was released on November 15, 2005, the WB made a limited edition box called "The One With All Ten Seasons" to fit all individual ten seasons in. The collection was cased in wood with black covering and a plastic door with all of the Friends pictured on it. One year later, the WB released The Complete Series, cased in a red box with an exclusive booklet about the show, cast, and original pilot pitch. Instead of individually boxing and organizing the shows by season, this collection organized the 40 discs into volumes sorted by how many episodes to a disc, and they were split up by a disc holder for each cast member. This version was released in the UK on 12 November 2007.
Further reading
- A Failing Grade For "Friends". The Smoking Gun (12 May 2004). Retrieved on 13 November 2007 – an audience research report conducted by NBC following filming of the pilot episode
- Wild, David (2004). Friends ...'Til the End: The One with All Ten Years. London: Headline. ISBN 0-7553-1321-6.
References
External links
- Official website
- [Friends Catégorie Arts/Television/Programs/Comedy/Sitcoms/Friends] de l’annuaire dmoz.
- Friends at the Internet Movie Database
- Modèle:Tv.com show
| Preceded by Extreme 1995 | Super Bowl lead-out program 1996 | Succeeded by X-Files 1997 |
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