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O. J. Simpson

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Modèle:Infobox NFLretired Orenthal James "O. J." Simpson (born July 9, 1947) (also known by his nickname, The Juice) is a retired American football player who achieved stardom as a running back at the collegiate and professional levels, and was the first NFL player to rush for more than 2,000 yards in a season. He later worked as an actor, spokesperson and broadcaster.

Besides his Hall of Fame career, Simpson is infamous for having been tried for the murder of ex-wife Nicole Brown Simpson and her friend Ronald Goldman in 1994. He was acquitted in criminal court in 1995 after a lengthy, highly publicized trial (see O. J. Simpson murder case). In 1997, Simpson was found liable for their deaths in civil court, but to date has paid little of the $33.5 million judgment.<ref name="spending">O.J. Simpson ordered to stop spending</ref> He gained further notoriety in late 2006 when he wrote a book titled If I Did It. The book, which purports to be a first-person fictional account of the murder had he actually committed it, was withdrawn by the publisher just before its release. The book was later released by the Goldman family and the title of the book was expanded to If I Did It: Confessions of the Killer.

In September 2007, Simpson faced more legal troubles, as he was arrested<ref> O.J. Simpson's Las Vegas Police Arrest Report 

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. FindLaw 
 
 (16 September 2007)

. Retrieved on 2007-09-18. </ref> and subsequently charged with numerous felonies including but not limited to robbery with a deadly weapon, burglary with a firearm, assault with a deadly weapon, first-degree kidnapping with use of a deadly weapon (which carries possible life sentence), coercion with use of a deadly weapon, conspiracy to commit robbery, conspiracy to commit kidnapping, and conspiracy to commit a crime.<ref>http://i.a.cnn.net/cnn/2007/images/09/18/criminal.complaint.pdf</ref>

Sommaire

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Biography

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Early life

Simpson was born in San Francisco, California, the son of Eunice (née Durden; October 23, 1921 – San Francisco, California, November 9, 2001), a hospital administrator, and James "Jimmy" Lee Simpson (Arkansas, January 29, 1920 – San Francisco, California, June 9, 1986), a chef and bank custodian.<ref>http://www.filmreference.com/film/64/O-J-Simpson.html</ref> Simpson's maternal grandparents were from Louisiana.<ref>http://www.wargs.com/other/simpson.html Ancestry of O.J. Simpson</ref> His aunt gave him the name Orenthal, which supposedly was the name of a French actor she liked.<ref name="charmed">Schwartz, Larry (2000) "Before trial, Simpson charmed America." ESPN.com.</ref> His parents were separated in 1952. Simpson has one brother: Melvin Leon "Truman" Simpson, and two sisters: Shirley Simpson-Baker and Carmelita Simpson-Durio.

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High School

At Galileo High School in San Francisco, Simpson played for the school football team, the Galileo Lions. From 1965 to 1966, Simpson was a student at City College of San Francisco, a member of the California Community Colleges system. He played both offense (running back) and defense (defensive back), and was named to the Junior College All American team as a running back.

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University of Southern California

Simpson earned an athletic scholarship to the University of Southern California where he played running back for the University of Southern California in 1967 and 1968. Simpson led the nation in rushing in 1967 when he ran for 1,451 yards and scored 11 touchdowns. He was a Heisman Trophy candidate and a star in the 1967 USC vs. UCLA football game. His 64 yard touchdown run in the 4th quarter tied the game, with the PAT the margin of victory. This was the biggest play in what is regarded as one of the greatest football games of the 20th century.<ref>Peters, Nick. (198Image:Cool.gif College Football's Twenty-Five Greatest Teams: The Sporting News. Number 9 Southern California Trojans 1967 ISBN 0-89204-281-8</ref> Another dramatic touchdown in the same game is the subject of the Arnold Friberg oil painting, O.J. Simpson Breaks for Daylight.

In 1968, he rushed for 1,709 yards and 22 touchdowns, earning the Heisman Trophy, the Maxwell Award, and the Walter Camp Award that year. He still holds the record for the Heisman's largest margin of victory, defeating the runner-up by 1,750 points. Simpson also won the Walter Camp Award in 1967 and was a two-time consensus All-American. <ref>University of Southern California Football Media Guide - PDF copy available at www.usctrojans.com. Page 125 of the 2006 Edition. USC's ALL-AMERICANS. (Consensus All-American in 2007, Unanimous All-American in 196Image:Cool.gif</ref> He also ran in the USC sprint relay quartet that broke the world record at the NCAA track championships in Provo, Utah in June 1967.<ref> 

  Athletics: World Record progression: Men: 4 x 100m Relay 
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. International Olympic Committee 
 
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. Retrieved on 2007-09-11. </ref>

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NFL

There was a regular-season game nicknamed for Simpson; it was the "O.J. Bowl", between the Philadelphia Eagles and the Pittsburgh Steelers, because it was thought the loser would get the first crack at drafting him. The Eagles won that game 12-0 (on 4 field goals by Sam Baker); but it turned out that neither of those teams drafted him.

Simpson was drafted by the AFL's Buffalo Bills, who got first pick in the 1969 draft after finishing 1-12-1 in 1968. Early in his NFL career, Simpson struggled on poor Buffalo teams, averaging only 622 yards per season for his first three.

He first rushed for more than 1,000 yards in 1972, gaining a total of 1,251. In 1973, Simpson rushed for a then-record 2,003 yards, becoming the first player ever to pass the 2,000-yard mark, and scored 12 touchdowns. Simpson gained more than 1,000 rushing yards for each of his next three seasons.

Simpson's 1977 season in Buffalo was cut short by injury. Before the 1978 season, Simpson signed with the San Francisco 49ers, where he played two unremarkable seasons.

Simpson gained 11,236 rushing yards, placing him 16th on the NFL's all-time rushing list. He was named NFL Player of the Year in 1972, 1973, and played in six Pro Bowls. Simpson was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1985, his first year of eligibility.

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Family life

On June 24, 1967 Simpson married Marguerite L. Whitley. Together they had three children: Arnelle L. Simpson (born December 4, 1968), Jason L. Simpson (born April 21, 1970) and Aaren Lashone Simpson (born September 24, 1977). In 1979, Aaren drowned in the family's swimming pool a month before her second birthday. That same year Simpson and Marguerite were divorced.

On February 2, 1985, Simpson married Nicole Brown. They had two children, Sydney Brooke Simpson (born October 17, 1985) and Justin Ryan Simpson (born August 6, 1988), and were divorced in 1992. After the murders of Nicole Brown and Ronald Goldman on June 12, 1994, he was acquitted of all criminal charges in a now infamous court case, but was found liable for the wrongful deaths of Nicole Brown and Ronald Goldman in a civil case in 1997.

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Acting

Even before his retirement from football and in the NFL, Simpson went on to a successful film career with parts in films such as the television mini-series Roots, and the dramatic motion pictures The Cassandra Crossing, Capricorn One, The Klansman, The Towering Inferno, and the comedic Back to the Beach and The Naked Gun trilogy. In 1979, he started his own film production company Orenthal Productions, which dealt mostly in made-for-TV fare such as the family-oriented Goldie and the Boxer films with Melissa Michaelsen and Cocaine and Blue Eyes, the pilot for a proposed detective series on NBC.

Simpson's amiable persona and natural charisma landed him numerous endorsement deals. He was a spokesman for the Hertz rental car company. He would often be shown running through airports, as if to suggest he was back on the football field. Simpson was also a longtime spokesman for Pioneer Chicken and owned two franchises, one of which was destroyed during the LA riots, as well as Honeybaked Hams, the pX Corporation, the Calistoga Water Company's line of Napa Naturals soft drinks, and he appeared in comic book ads for Dingo shoes.

Besides his acting career, Simpson had stints as a commentator for Monday Night Football and The NFL on NBC. He also hosted an episode of Saturday Night Live, but he was the only host not invited to attend the program's 25th anniversary celebration special in 1999.[citation needed]


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Legal problems

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Murder Case
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Criminal Trial

Main article: O. J. Simpson murder case

In 1989, Simpson pled no contest to a domestic violence charge and was separated from Nicole Brown, to whom he was paying child support. On June 12, 1994 Nicole and her friend Ronald Goldman were found dead outside Brown's condominium. Simpson was soon charged with their murders. After failing to turn himself in, he became the object of a low-speed pursuit in a now infamous white Ford Bronco SUV. The pursuit, arrest and trial were among the most widely publicized in American history. The trial, often characterized as being "the trial of the century", culminated on October 3, 1995 in a verdict of not guilty for the two murders. The verdict was seen live on TV by more than half of the U.S. population, making it one of the most watched events in American TV history. Immediate reaction to the verdict was noted for its division along racial lines. In essence, the lack of evidence was not sufficient to produce a guilty sentence.

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Civil trial

On February 5, 1997 a civil jury in Santa Monica, California found Simpson liable for the wrongful death of Ronald Goldman, battery against Ronald Goldman, and battery against Nicole Brown. The attorney for plaintiff Fred Goldman (father of Ronald Goldman) was Daniel Petrocelli. Simpson was ordered to pay $33,500,000 in damages. However, California law protects pensions from being used to satisfy judgments, so Simpson was able to continue much of his lifestyle based on his NFL pension. In February 1999 an auction of Simpson's Heisman Trophy and other belongings netted almost $500,000. The money went to the Goldman family. His payment for appearing in the video game All Pro Football 2K8 was also seized.

A 2000 Rolling Stone article reported that Simpson also still makes a significant income by signing autographs. He subsequently moved from California to Miami, Florida. In Florida, a person's residence cannot be seized to collect a debt under most circumstances. The Goldman family also tried to collect Simpson's NFL pension of $22,000 a month but failed to collect any money. <ref>"Judge Rules Simpson's Mother Can Keep Piano"; CourtTV news; November 17, [[]2007]</ref>

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Related litigation

The civil and criminal trials of Simpson were not the only important legal cases that were spawned by the deaths of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ronald Goldman on June 12 1994.

  • On September 5, 2006, Ron Goldman's father took Simpson back to court to obtain control over his "right to publicity" for purposes of satisfying the judgment in the civil court case.<ref name="spending"/> On January 4, 2007 a federal judge issued a restraining order prohibiting Simpson from spending any advance he may have received on a canceled TV and book deal. The matter was dismissed before trial for lack of jurisdiction.<ref name="spending"/> On January 19, 2007 a California state judge issued an additional restraining order, ordering Simpson to restrict his spending to "ordinary and necessary living expenses".<ref name="spending"/>
  • On March 13, 2007 a judge prevented Simpson from receiving any further compensation from a canceled book deal and TV interview. He ordered the bundled book rights to be auctioned.<ref>Judge Keeps O.J. From Book, TV Proceeds</ref>
  • In August 2007, a Florida bankruptcy court awarded the rights to the book to the Goldman family to partially satisfy an unpaid civil judgment. The title of the book was expanded to If I Did It: Confessions of the Killer, and comments were added to the original manuscript by the Goldman family, Pablo Fenjves, and prominent investigative journalist Dominick Dunne.<ref>http://www.beaufortbooks.com/books.php?id=53</ref>
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Overdue income taxes

Simpson owes the State of California $1,435,484.17 in past due taxes. A tax lien was filed in his case on Sept. 1, 1999.<ref> O.J. Simpson Makes California Tax Delinquent List 

. WebCPA 
 
 (19 October 2007)

. </ref>

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DirecTV satellite piracy case

On March 8, 2004, Satellite television network DirecTV Inc. accused Simpson in a Miami federal court of using illegal electronic devices to pirate its broadcast signals. The El Segundo, California-based company later won a US$25,000 judgment, and Simpson was ordered to pay US$33,678 in attorneys' fees and costs.<ref>http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/8719276/</ref><ref>http://www.thesmokinggun.com/archive/ojtv1.html</ref>

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Las Vegas robbery

On November 29, 2007, O.J. Simpson pleaded not guilty to the Las Vegas Robbery case.

Main article: O. J. Simpson Las Vegas robbery case

Modèle:Wikinewspar On September 14, 2007, Simpson was questioned<ref>

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Las Vegas robbery

On November 29, 2007, O.J. Simpson pleaded not guilty to the Las Vegas Robbery case.

Main article: O. J. Simpson Las Vegas robbery case

Modèle:Wikinewspar On September 14, 2007, Simpson was questioned<ref> Las Vegas P.D. summary and excerpts of 9/14/07 interview with Simpson 

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. FindLaw 
 
 (16 September 2007)

. Retrieved on 2007-09-18. </ref> about his role involving the taking of missing memorabilia at Palace Station hotel-casino. He admitted taking the items, which he said had been stolen from him, and denied breaking into the hotel room. He also denied that he or anyone else carried a gun.<ref>" 

   Police: Simpson cooperating in armed robbery probe 
     
 " , CNN
  , September 14, 2007
 
 . </ref><ref>"
   O.J. Simpson a Suspect in Casino 'Armed Robbery' 
     
 " , FOXNews
  , September 14, 2007
 
 . </ref> However, investigators named him a suspect and questioned him.<ref>   Las Vegas P.D. summary and excerpts of 9/15/07 interview with Alexander 
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. FindLaw 
 
 (16 September 2007)

. Retrieved on 2007-09-18. </ref>

On September 15, one of the alleged accomplices, Walter Alexander, was arrested and charged with two counts of robbery with a deadly weapon, one count of conspiracy to commit robbery with a deadly weapon, two counts of assault with a deadly weapon and one count of burglary with a deadly weapon. Alexander was on his way to McCarran International Airport when he was apprehended by police. Earlier in the day, police executed a search warrant at the home of one of the men and recovered two handguns,<ref> Excerpt of Las Vegas P.D. Arrest Report detailing search and recovery of handguns 

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. FindLaw 
 
 (16 September 2007)

. Retrieved on 2007-09-18. </ref> a .22 caliber Beretta and a .45 caliber Ruger P345.

On September 16, Las Vegas police arrested Simpson<ref> O.J. Simpson's Las Vegas Police Arrest Report 

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. FindLaw 
 
 (16 September 2007)

. Retrieved on 2007-09-18. </ref>, and initially held him without bail.<ref name="Vegas tape"> Nakashima , Ryan 


  . 
 "
   Apparent tape released of O.J. in Vegas 
     
 " , Associated Press
  , September 17, 2007
 
 . </ref> Simpson was charged with 12 counts, including robbery while using a deadly weapon, conspiracy to commit robbery, burglary with a deadly weapon, two counts of assault with a deadly weapon and coercion.<ref>"
   OJ Simpson faces break-in charges 
     
 " , BBC
  , 17 September 2007
 
 . </ref> Simpson, listed as inmate number 2648927, was scheduled to appear before a court on September 20, 2007. If convicted of all charges, he could face more than 60 years imprisonment.<ref name="Vegas tape"/> The kidnap charges carry the heaviest penalty.

On September 18, the Clark County, Nevada District Attorney charged<ref> State of Nevada v. O.J. Simpson, et al. 

 (HTML)
. FindLaw 
 
 (18 September 2007)

. Retrieved on 2007-09-18. </ref> Simpson, Alexander, Clarence Stewart, and Michael McLinton with multiple felony charges, including criminal conspiracy, kidnapping, assault, robbery, and using a deadly weapon.

On September 19, 2007, Simpson, represented by attorneys from Florida and Nevada, was granted a bail of US$125,000. Justice of the Peace judge Joe Bonaventure Jr. who presided over the hearing, stated the Simpson is not allowed to have any contact with any of the co-defendants and that Simpson must surrender his passport. Simpson did not enter a plea.<ref> Judge sets $125K bail for O.J. Simpson 

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. Houston Chronicle 
 
 (19 September 2007)

. Retrieved on 2007-09-19. </ref><ref> Simpson's Bail Set at $125,000 

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. Forbes 
 
 (19 September 2007)

. Retrieved on 2007-09-19. </ref>

By October 15, 2007, co-defendants Walter Alexander and Charles H. Cashmore accepted plea agreements in exchange for reduced charges and his testimony against Simpson and three other co-defendants, including testifying that guns were used in the alleged robbery.<ref>http://www.cnn.com/2007/US/law/10/15/oj.simpson/index.html</ref>

On October 29, 2007, co-defendant Michael McClinton told a Las Vegas judge that he too would plead guilty to reduced charges and testify against Simpson that guns were used in the robbery. After the hearings, the judge decided to take Simpson to trial for the heist.

His preliminary hearing, to decide whether he would be tried for the charges, occurred on November 8, 2007. He was held over for trial on all 12 counts.

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Filmography

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See also

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Notes and references

<references />
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External links

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Civil and criminal trials

Modèle:Simpson Trial Modèle:The Naked Gun Modèle:DEFAULTSORT:Simpson, O. J.de:O. J. Simpson es:O.J. Simpson eo:O. J. Simpson fr:O. J. Simpson hr:O.J. Simpson io:O. J. Simpson id:O. J. Simpson it:Orenthal James Simpson he:אורנת'ל ג'יימס סימפסון hu:O. J. Simpson nl:O.J. Simpson ja:O・J・シンプソン no:O.J. Simpson pl:O.J. Simpson pt:O. J. Simpson sh:O.J. Simpson fi:O. J. Simpson sv:O.J. Simpson zh:OJ·辛普森

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