1912
Un article de Vev.
Modèle:Year nav Modèle:C20YearInTopicX Year 1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Sunday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). Modèle:C20YearTOC
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Events of 1912
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January
- January 1 - Establishment of Republic of China.
- January 4 - The Scout Association is incorporated throughout the British Commonwealth by Royal Charter.
- January 5 - Prague Party Conference.
- January 6 - New Mexico is admitted as the 47th U.S. state.
- January 8 - African National Congress is founded.
- January 17 - British polar explorer Robert Falcon Scott and a team of four begin the second expedition to reach the South Pole.
- January 23 - The International Opium Convention is signed at The Hague.
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February
- February 14 - Arizona is admitted as the 48th U.S. state.
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March
- March 1 - Albert Berry makes the first parachute jump from a moving airplane.
- March 5 - Italian forces are the first to use airships for a military purpose by using them for reconnaissance west of Tripoli behind Turkish lines.
- March 7
- Roald Amundsen announces his success in reaching the South Pole, having arrived on December 14, 1911.
- French aviator Henri Seimet makes the first non-stop flight from Paris to London in three hours.
- March 12 - The Girl Scouts of the USA are founded.
- March 16 - Lawrence Oates, dying member of Scott's South Pole expedition, leaves the tent saying, "I am just going outside and may be some time."
- March 27 - Mayor Yukio Ozaki of Tokyo gives 3,000 cherry blossom trees to be planted in Washington, D.C. to symbolize the friendship between the two countries.
- March 30 - France establishes a protectorate over Morocco.
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April
Image:Stöwer Titanic.jpg
The RMS Titanic sinking on April 15, 1912
- April 14 - The British ocean liner RMS Titanic strikes iceberg at 11:40 pm.
- April 15 - By 2:20, the RMS Titanic sinks, along with 1,494 people.
- April 16 - Harriet Quimby becomes first woman to fly across the English Channel.
- April 17
- Solar eclipse in Europe.
- Lena execution in Russia.
- April 20
- Fenway Park, home of the Boston Red Sox, opens.
- Tiger Stadium in Detroit opens.
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May
- May 5 - The 1912 Summer Olympics open in Stockholm, Sweden.
- May 6 - Suffrage parade, New York City,
- May 13 - In the United Kingdom, the Royal Flying Corps (forerunner of the Royal Air Force) is established.
- May 30 - Joe Dawson wins the second Indianapolis 500-Mile Race after Ralph DePalma's Mercedes breaks down within sight of the finish.
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June
- June 4 - Fire in Constantinople - 1120 buildings destroyed
- June 5 - U.S. Marines land on Cuba
- June 6-June 8 - Eruption of Novarupta in Alaska
- June 8 - Carl Laemmle incorporated Universal Pictures.
- June 18 - The Republican National Convention nominates incumbent President William Howard Taft in Chicago, defeating a challenge by former President Theodore Roosevelt, whose delegates bolt the convention.
- June 25 - The Democratic National Convention nominates New Jersey Gov. Thomas Woodrow Wilson in Baltimore.
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July
- July 19 - A meteorite with an estimated mass of 190 kg exploded over the town of Holbrook in Navajo County, Arizona causing thousands of pieces of debris to rain down on the town.
- July 30 - Emperor Meiji of Japan, dies. He is succeeded by his son Yoshihito who becomes Emperor Taishō. In Japanese History, the event marks the end of the Meiji era and the beginning of the Taishō era.
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August
- August 5 - Dissident Republicans form the Progressive or Bull Moose Party, and nominate former President Theodore Roosevelt as their presidential candidate.
- August 11 - Sodomy becomes legal in France.
- August 12 - Sultan Abd Al-Hafid of Morocco abdicates.
- August 25 - Kuomintang, the Chinese nationalist party is founded.
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September
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October
- October 8 - First Balkan War begins: Montenegro declares war against Turkey.
- October 14 - While campaigning in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, former president Theodore Roosevelt is shot by saloonkeeper John Schrank. With a fresh flesh wound and the bullet still in him, Roosevelt delivers his scheduled speech.
- October 16
- Bulgarian pilots Radul Minkov and Prodan Toprakchiev perform the first bombing with an airplane in history at the railway station of Karaagac near Edirne against Turkey.
- The Boston Red Sox, assisted by a famous error, defeat the New York Giants in extra innings to win the 1912 World Series, in what is considered one of the greatest games of baseball ever played.
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November
- November 5 - U.S. presidential election, 1912: Democratic challenger Woodrow Wilson wins a landslide victory over Republican incumbent William Howard Taft. Taft's base was undercut by Progressive Party candidate (and former Republican) Theodore Roosevelt, who finished second, ahead of Taft.
- November 7 - The Deute Ottoman Empire.
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December
- December - Piltdown Man presented in Britain.
- December 3 - First Balkan War ends temporarily - Bulgaria, Greece, Montenegro, and Serbia (the Balkan League) sign an armistice with Turkey, ending the two-month long war.
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Undated
- Sea Scouting begins under the aegis of the Boy Scouts of America.
- Casimir Funk identifies vitamins.
- The first blues song, "The Memphis Blues," is published.
- Alfred Wegener proposes the theory of continental drift.
- British treasure hunters try to drain Lake Guatavita to find gold – they find nothing.
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Ongoing
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Births
Modèle:Year in other calendars
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January-February
- January 1 - Kim Philby, British spy (d. 1988)
- January 3 - Armand Lohikoski, Finnish director (d. 2005)
- January 6 - Jacques Ellul, French philosopher (d. 1994)
- January 7 - Charles Addams, American cartoonist (d. 1988)
- January 8 - José Ferrer, Puerto Rican actor (d. 1992)
- January 19 - Leonid Kantorovich, Russian economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1986)
- January 21 - Konrad Emil Bloch, German-born biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 2000)
- January 28 - Jackson Pollock, American painter (d. 1956)
- January 30
- Barbara Tuchman, American historian (d. 1989)
- Francis Schaeffer, American Evangelical theologian, philosopher, and Presbyterian pastor (d. 1984)
- February 2 - Millvina Dean, youngest survivor of RMS Titanic
- February 3 - Mary Carlisle, American actress and singer
- February 4
- Erich Leinsdorf, Austrian conductor (d. 1993)
- Byron Nelson, American golfer (d. 2006)
- February 6 - Eva Braun, Adolf Hitler's mistress (d. 1945)
- February 11 - Roy Fuller, English poet and novelist (d. 1991)
- February 20 - Pierre Boulle, French author (d. 1994)
- February 25 - Brenda Joyce, American actress
- February 27 - Lawrence Durrell, British writer (d. 1990)
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March-April
- March 4
- Afro Basaldella, Italian painter (d. 1976)
- Judith Furse, British character actress (d. 1974)
- Carl Marzani, American documentarian (d. 1994)
- March 5 - David Astor, British newspaper publisher (d. 2001)
- March 8 - Preston Smith, Governor of Texas (d. 2003)
- March 12 - Irving Layton, Canadian poet (d. 2006)
- March 14
- Les Brown, American band leader (d. 2001)
- W. Willard Wirtz, American administrator
- March 15 - Lightnin' Hopkins, American musician (d. 1982)
- March 16 - Pat Nixon, First Lady of the United States (d. 1993)
- March 17 - Bayard Rustin, American civil rights activist (d. 1987)
- March 18
- Lucien Laurin, Canadian horse trainer (d. 2000)
- Art Gilmore, American radio and television announcer
- March 22 - Karl Malden, American actor
- March 23
- Betty Astell, British actress (d. 2005)
- Wernher von Braun, German-born physicist and engineer (d. 1977)
- March 24 - Dorothy Height, American activist
- March 27 - James Callaghan, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 2005)
- April 2 - Herbert Mills, "Mills Brothers" tenor (d. 1989)
- April 7 - Jack Lawrence, American composer
- April 8
- Alois Brunner, Nazi war criminal
- Sonja Henie, Norwegian figure skater (d. 1969
- April 11 - Gusti Wolf, Austrian actress (d. 2007)
- April 12 - Walt Gorney, American actor (d. 2004)
- April 15 - Kim Il Sung, President of North Korea (d. 1994)
- April 16 - Catherine Scorsese, Italian-American actress (d. 1997)
- April 17 - Marta Eggerth, Hungarian-born actress and singer, naturalized citizen of the United States
- April 19 - Glenn T. Seaborg, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1999)
- April 22 - Kathleen Ferrier, British contralto (d. 1953)
- April 26 - A. E. van Vogt, Canadian-born writer (d. 2000)
- April 28 - Odette Sansom, French World War II heroine (d. 1995)
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May-June
- May 3 - Virgil Fox, American organist (d. 1980)
- May 8 - Gertrud Fussenegger, Austrian author
- May 9 - Pedro Armendáriz, Mexican actor (d. 1963)
- May 11 - Foster Brooks, American actor and comedian (d. 2001)
- May 12 - Archibald Cox, American Watergate special prosecutor (d. 2004)
- May 14 - Ben Hogan, American golfer (d. 1997)
- May 16 - Studs Terkel, American writer and broadcaster
- May 18
- Perry Como, American singer (d. 2001)
- Walter Sisulu, South African anti-apartheid activist (d. 2003)
- May 21 - Monty Stratton, baseball player (d. 1982)
- May 22 - Herbert C. Brown, English-born chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2004)
- May 23
- Jean Françaix, French composer (d. 1997)
- John Payne, American actor (d. 1989)
- May 25 - Princess Dukhye of Korea (d. 1989)
- May 27 - Sam Snead, American golfer (d. 2002)
- May 28
- Patrick White, Australian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1990)
- Herman Johannes, Indonesian professor, scientist and politician (d. 1992)
- May 29 - Pamela Hansford Johnson, English poet, novelist, playwright, literary and social critic (d. 1981)
- May 30 - Julius Axelrod, American biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 2004)
- May 31 - Alfred Deller, English countertenor (d. 1979)
- June 5 - Dean Amadon, American ornithologist (d. 2003)
- June 6 - Maria Montez, Dominican actress (d. 1951)
- June 8 - Harry Holtzman, American artist (d. 1987)
- June 21 - Kazimierz Leski, Polish engineer, fighter pilot, and intelligence and counter-intelligence officer (d. 2000)
- June 23 - Alan Turing, British mathematician (d. 1954)
- June 24 - Brian Johnston, British cricket commentator (d 1994)
- June 25 - William T. Cahill, American politician (d. 1996)
- June 26 - Jay Silverheels, American actor (d. 1980)
- June 27 - Chen Kenmin, Japanese chef (d. 1990)
- June 30 - Ludwig Bölkow, German aeronautical engineer (d. 2003)
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July-August
- July 1
- David R. Brower, American environmentalist (d. 2000)
- Sally Kirkland, American fashion editor (d. 1989)
- July 6 - Heinrich Harrer, Austrian mountaineer and explorer (d. 2006)
- July 14 - Woody Guthrie, American folk musician (d. 1969)
- July 17 - Art Linkletter, American television host
- July 31
- Milton Friedman, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2006)
- Irv Kupcinet, American newspaper columnist (d. 2003)
- August 1 - Frank K. Edmondson, American astronomer
- August 3 - Fritz Hellwig, German politician (CDU) and former European Commissioner for Science & Research
- August 9 - Anne Brown, American soprano
- August 10 - Jorge Amado de Faria, Brazilian author (d. 2001)
- August 11 - Thanom Kittikachorn, Prime Minister of Thailand (d. 2004)
- August 11 - Norman Levinson, American mathematician (d. 1975)
- August 13 - Salvador Luria, Italian-born biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1991)
- August 15 - Julia Child, American chef (d. 2004)
- August 16
- Ted Drake, English footballer (d. 1995)
- Wendy Hiller, English actress (d. 2003)
- August 23 - Gene Kelly, American actor (d. 1996)
- August 25 - Erich Honecker, East German leader (d. 1994)
- August 27 - Gloria Guinness, Fashionicon (d. 1980)
- August 30
- Edward Mills Purcell, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1997)
- Nancy Wake, New Zealand World War II heroine
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September-October
- September 5
- John Cage, American composer (d. 1992)
- Frank Thomas, American animator (d. 2004)
- September 11 - David Packard, American electrical engineer (d. 1996)
- September 19 - Kurt Sanderling, German conductor
- September 21
- Chuck Jones, American animator (d. 2002)
- György Sándor, Hungarian pianist (d. 2005)
- September 22 - Martha Scott, American actress (d. 2003)
- September 24 - Don Porter, American actor (d. 1997)
- September 27 - Tauno Marttinen, Finnish composer
- September 29 - Michelangelo Antonioni, Italian film director
- October 5
- Karl Hass, Nazi war criminal (d. 2004)
- Kristina Söderbaum, German actress (d. 2001)
- October 17 - Pope John Paul I (d. 1978)
- October 21 - Georg Solti, Hungarian conductor (d. 1997)
- October 22 - Johan Hendrik Weidner, Belgian World War II resistance fighter (d. 1994)
- October 25 - Minnie Pearl, American humorist (d. 1996)
- October 27 - Conlon Nancarrow, American composer (d. 1997)
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November-December
- November 3 - Alfredo Stroessner, President of Paraguay (d. 2006)
- November 4 - Vadim Salmanov, Russian composer (d. 1978)
- November 10 - Birdie Tebbetts, baseball player and manager (d. 1999)
- November 11 - Larry LaPrise, American songwriter (d. 1996)
- November 13 - Claude Pompidou, wife of President of France Georges Pompidou (d.2007)
- November 14
- Barbara Hutton, American socialite (d. 1979)
- T. Y. Lin, Chinese-born civil engineer (d. 2003)
- November 19 - George Emil Palade, Romanian microbiologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
- November 21
- Eleanor Powell, American actress and dancer (d. 1982)
- Abd-al-Aziz ibn Abd-Allah ibn Baaz,the Grand Mufti of Saudi Arabia from 1993 until 1999 (d. 1999)
- November 24 - Bernard Delfgaauw, Dutch philosopher (d. 1993)
- November 30 - Gordon Parks, American photographer and artist (d. 2006)
- December 1 - Sirvart Karamanuk, Armenian classical composer
- December 10 - Philip Hart, a Democratic United States Senator from Michigan from 1959 until 1976 (d.1976)
- December 11 - Carlo Ponti, Italian film producer (d. 2007)
- December 12 - Henry Armstrong, American boxer (d. 1988)
- December 22 - Lady Bird Johnson, First Lady of the United States (d. 2007)
- December 25 - Natalino Otto, Italian singer (d. 1969)
- December 27 - Conroy Maddox, British painter (d. 2005)
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Deaths
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January - June
- January 28 - Gustave de Molinari, Belgian economist (b. 1819)
- February 16 - Nikolai of Japan, Eastern Orthodox monk and saint (b. 1836)
- February 21 - Osborne Reynolds, Irish physicist (b. 1842)
- February 25 - Guillaume IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (b. 1852)
- March 1 - George Grossmith, English actor and comic writer (b. 1847)
- March 29 - Members of the Scott Expedition to the South Pole:
- Henry Robinson Bowers (b. 1883)
- Edgar Evans, Welsh naval officer (b. 1876)
- Lawrence Oates, English army officer (b. 1880)
- Robert Falcon Scott, English explorer (b. 1868)
- Edward Adrian Wilson, English physician and naturalist (b. 1872)
- March 30 - Karl May, German author (b. 1842)
- April 12 - Clara Barton, American nurse (b. 1821)
- April 15 - 11 out of 1500 victims of the RMS Titanic sinking:
- Thomas Andrews, Jr., Irish shipbuilder (b. 1873)
- John Jacob Astor IV, American businessman (b. 1864)
- Archibald Butt, American presidential aide (b. 1865)
- Thomas R.D. Byles, English-born Catholic priest (b. 1870)
- Benjamin Guggenheim, American businessman (b. 1865)
- Edward J. Smith, English ship's captain (b. 1850)
- William Thomas Stead, English journalist (b. 1849)
- Isidor Straus, German-born owner of Macy's (b. 1845)
- Ida Straus, Wife of Isidor Straus (1 of only 4 Titanic First-class female fatalities) (b. 1849)
- Jack Phillips, Senior wireless officer of Titanic (b. 1887)
- Wallace Hartley, violinist and band leader of Titanic (b. 1878)
- April 20 - Bram Stoker, English writer (b. 1847)
- May 14
- August Strindberg, Swedish playwright and painter (b. 1849)
- Frederick VIII, King of Denmark (b. 1843)
- May 25 - Austin Lane Crothers, American politician (b. 1860)
- May 30 - Wilbur Wright, American aviation pioneer (b. 1867)
- June 12
- Anton Aškerc, Slovene poet (b. 1856)
- Frédéric Passy, French economist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1822)
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July - December
- July 1 - Harriet Quimby, American pilot (b. 1875)
- July 2 - Tom Richardson, English cricketer (b. 1870)
- July 17 - Henri Poincaré, French mathematician (b. 1854)
- July 30 - Meiji Emperor of Japan (b. 1852)
- August 7 - François-Alphonse Forel, Swiss hydrologist (b. 1841)
- August 8 - Ross Winn, American anarchist writer and publisher (b. 1871)
- August 20
- Walter Goodman, British painter, illustrator and author (b. 1838)
- William Booth, English founder of the Salvation Army (b. 1829)
- October 6 - Auguste Marie Francois Beernaert, Belgian statesman, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1829)
- October 24 - Mykola Lysenko, Ukrainian composer (b. 1842)
- October 30 - James S. Sherman, 27th Vice President of the United States (b. 1855)
- November 10 - Louis Cyr, Canadian strongman (b. 1863)
- November 28 - Albania Indipendence,
- November 28 - Walter Benona Sharp, American oil pioneer (b. 1870)
- December 23 - Otto Schoetensack, German anthropologist (b. 1850)
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Nobel prizes
- Physics - Nils Gustaf Dalén
- Chemistry - Victor Grignard, Paul Sabatier
- Medicine - Alexis Carrel
- Literature - Gerhart Johann Robert Hauptmann
- Peace - Elihu Root
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Notes
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External links
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Table of contents
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