1916

Un article de Vev.

Modèle:Year nav Modèle:C20YearInTopicX Year 1916 (MCMXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Friday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). Modèle:C20YearTOC

[modifier]

Events of 1916

[modifier]

January

Image:Claude Monet 038.jpg

January 1: Claude Monet paints Water Lilies series.

January 1
- The Royal Army Medical Corps first successful blood transfusion using blood that had been stored and cooled.
- Impressionist painter Monet paints Water Lilies series.
January 5 - Rainmaker Charles Hatfield - begins; it will cause flooding around San Diego, California
January 8 - Allied forces withdraw from Gallipoli
January 13/14 - A heavy storm sweeps through the Zuiderzee in the Netherlands, causing extensive damage. This storm helped the Dutch parliament to decide to build the Afsluitdijk and build polders in the current IJsselmeer.
January 17 - The Professional Golfers Association of America (PGA) is formed
January 18 - A 611 gram chondrite type meteorite struck a house near Baxter, Stone County, Missouri.
January 23 to January 24 In Browning, Montana, the temperature drops from +6.7°C to -48.8°C (44°F to -56°F) in one day, the greatest change ever on record for a 24-hour period.
January 24 - In Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad the Supreme Court of the United States upholds the federal income tax
January 28 - Louis D. Brandeis becomes the first Jew appointed to the Supreme Court of the United States.
January 29 - World War I: Paris is bombed by German zeppelins for the first time.

[modifier]

February

February 3 - Parliament buildings in Ottawa, Canada are burned down.
February 9 - 6.00 p.m. - Tristan Tzara "founds" Dadaism (according to Hans Arp).
February 11
- Emma Goldman is arrested for lecturing on birth control.
- Baltimore Symphony Orchestra presents its first concert.
- Romanian football club Sportul Studenţesc is founded.
February 21 - World War I: In France the Battle of Verdun begins.

[modifier]

March

March 1 - Liberal British Columbia Premier Harlan Carey Brewster term in office ends
March 6 - Sydney conservatorium of music in Australia accepts first students
March 8-9 night - Mexican Revolution - Pancho Villa leads 1,500 Mexican raiders in an attack against Columbus, New Mexico, killing 17. Garrison of US 13th Cavalry Regiment fights back and drives them away.
March 15 - President Woodrow Wilson sends 12,000 United States troops over the U.S.-Mexico border border to pursue Pancho Villa; 13th Cavalry regiment enters Mexican territory.
March 16 - US 7th and 10th cavalry regiments under John J. Pershing crosses the border to join the hunt of Villa
March 16 - Passenger ferry Sussex torpedoed, resulting in Sussex Pledge
March 19 - First United States air combat mission in history as eight US planes take off in pursuit of Pancho Villa
March 20 - At the age of 32, Ota Benga built a ceremonial fire, chipped off the caps on his teeth, performed a final tribal dance, and shot himself in the heart with a stolen pistol.
March 22 - Marriage of Edith Bratt and John Ronald Reuel Tolkien. They would serve as the inspiration for the fictional characters Lúthien and Beren.

[modifier]

April

April 24 - April 30 - Easter Rising in Ireland
April 27 - Battle of Hulluch in World War I, 47th Brigade, 16th Irish Division decimated in one of the most heavily-concentrated gas attacks of the war
April - The light switch was invented by William J. Newton and Morris Goldberg

[modifier]

May

May 5 - United States Marines invade the Dominican Republic.
May 20 - The Saturday Evening Post publishes its first cover with a Norman Rockwell painting ("Boy with Baby Carriage").
May 21 - Britain initiates daylight saving time.
May 22 - United States v. Forty Barrels and Twenty Kegs of Coca-Cola is decided.
May 31 - June 1 - Battle of Jutland

[modifier]

June

June 5
- Louis Brandeis is sworn in as a Justice of the United States Supreme Court.
- HMS Hampshire sinks off the Orkney Islands, Scotland, with Lord Kitchener aboard
June 8 - The Brusilov Offensive, the height of Russian operations in WWI, begins with the breakthrough of Austro-Hungarian lines.
June 15 - U.S. President Woodrow Wilson signs a bill incorporating the Boy Scouts of America. [1]

[modifier]

July

July 1 - November 18: More than 1 million soldiers die during The Battle of the Somme including 60,000 casualties for the British Commonwealth on the first day.
July 1 - July 12: at least one shark mauled five swimmers along 80 miles of New Jersey coastline during the Jersey Shore shark attacks of 1916, resulting in four deaths and survival of one youth who required limb amputation. This event was the inspiration for author Peter Benchley, over half a century later, to write Jaws.
July 2 - Battle of Erzincan
July 8-16- Massive flooding caused by two different hurricanes devastates Western North Carolina.
July 15 - In Seattle, Washington, William Boeing incorporates Pacific Aero Products (later renamed Boeing).
July 22 - In San Francisco, California, a bomb explodes on Market Street during a Preparedness Day parade killing 10 injuring 40. (Warren Billings and Tom Mooney are later wrongly convicted of it)
July 29 - In Ontario, Canada, a lightning strike ignites a forest fire that destroys the towns of Cochrane and Matheson - 233 dead
July 30 - German agents cause the Black Tom explosion in Jersey City, New Jersey, an act of sabotage destroying an ammunition depot and killing at least seven people.

[modifier]

August

August 7 - Portugal joins the allies in the World War I
August 25 - President Woodrow Wilson signs legislation creating the National Park Service.

[modifier]

September

September - Bulgaria takes Dobruja from the Romanians.
September 2 - William Leefe-Robinson becomes the first pilot to shoot down a German airship over Britain.
September 13 - Mary, a circus elephant, is hanged in the town of Erwin, Tennessee for killing her handler, Walter "Red" Eldridge.
September 27 - Iyasu is proclaimed deposed as ruler of Ethiopia in a palace coup in favor of his aunt Zauditu.

[modifier]

October

Image:New Zealand trench Flers September 1916.jpg

Troops from New Zealand during World War I.

October 12 - Hipólito Yrigoyen is elected President of Argentina.
October 16 - Margaret Sanger opens the first U.S. birth control clinic -a forerunner of Planned Parenthood.
October 27 - Battle of Segale: Negus Mikael, marching on the Ethiopian capital in support of his son Emperor Iyasu, is defeated by Fitawrari Habte Giyorgis, securing the throne for Empress Zauditu.

[modifier]

November

November 1 - Paul Miliukov delivers in the State Duma the famous "stupidity or treason" speech, precipitating the downfall of the Boris Stürmer government.
November 5 - Kingdom of Poland proclaimed by joint act of emperors of Germany and Austria
November 5 - Honan Chapel, Cork, Ireland, a product of the Irish Arts & Crafts Movement(1894-1925), is dedicated.
November 7
- Woodrow Wilson defeats Charles E. Hughes in the U.S. presidential election.
- Republican Jeannette Rankin of Montana becomes the first woman elected to the United States House of Representatives.
November 13 - Prime Minister of Australia Billy Hughes is expelled from the Labor Party over his support for conscription.
November 18 - World War I: First Battle of the Somme ends - In France, British Expeditionary Force commander Douglas Haig calls off the battle which started on July 1, 1916.
November 21 - HMHS Britannic (built in 1911 and launched in 1914), the third and largest Olympic-class ocean liner of the White Star Line, sister ship of RMS Olympic and the legendary RMS Titanic, sank after hitting a mine with the loss of 30 lives.
November 23 - World War I,Eastern Front: Bucharest, the capital of Romania, is occupied by the troops of the Central Powers.
November 25 - Friedrich Adler shoots Karl von Stürgkh, Prime Minister of Austria

[modifier]

December

December - Sopwith Camel aircraft is introduced to combat the German-built Fokker fighter aircraft.
December 12 - In the Dolomites, an avalanche buries 18,000 Austrian and Italian soldiers.
December 23 - World War I: Battle of Magdhaba - In the Sinai desert, Australian and New Zealand mounted troops capture the Turkish garrison.
December 29 - Grigori Rasputin is murdered by two Romanov family members.
December 30 - Humberto Gómez and his mercenaries seize Arauca in Colombia and declare Republic of Arauca. He proceeds to pillage the region before fleeing to Venezuela
December 31 - The Hampton Terrace Hotel in North Augusta, South Carolina, one of the largest and most luxurious hotels in the nation at the time, burns to the ground.

[modifier]

Undated

Rodeo's first side-delivery bucking chute designed and made by the Bascom boys, Raymond, Mel, Earl and their father John W. Bascom at Welling, Alberta Canada
Cours de linguistique générale by Ferdinand de Saussure is published.
Summer Olympic Games in Berlin, Germany, are cancelled.
Food is rationed in Germany.
Ernst Rüdin publishes his initial results on the genetics of schizophrenia.
The Netherlands is hit by a North Sea storm that floods lowlands and kills 10.000 people.
Robert Baden-Powell founds Wolf Cubs scouts in Britain, changed to Cub Scouts in the USA.
Louis Enricht claims he has a substitute for gasoline
Gustav Holst composes The Planets, Opus 32
Bray Studios creates the Farmer Al Falfa series, the first of the Terrytoons.
Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers is founded.
The Enrico Parodi sinks while in tow off the The Carracks in Cornwall, England.

[modifier]

Ongoing

World War I (1914-1918).
Mexican Revolution.
Ethnic cleansing in Turkey:
- Assyrian Genocide (1914–1922)
- Armenian Genocide (1915–1918)
- Pontic Greek Genocide (1916–1923).

[modifier]

Fictional

The following are references to year 1916 in fiction:

Citizen Kane (1941): In this year, Charles Foster Kane runs for New York governor and loses. Also in 1916, Emily Monroe Norton divorces him and, in either this year or in 1917, he marries Susan Alexander.

[modifier]