1934

March 1 - Manchuria becomes Manchukuo following an invasion by the Japanese
March 3 - John Dillinger escapes from jail in Crown Point, Indiana, using a wooden pistol
March 8 - Prince Sigvard of Sweden loses his titles because of his marriage.
March 12 - A coup in Estonia by Konstantin Päts and general Johan Laidoner. All parties are banned.
March 13 - John Dillinger, Baby Face Nelson and their gang rob the First National Bank in Mason City, Iowa.
March 20 - All the police forces in Germany come under command of Heinrich Himmler
March 20 - 1934 Great Hakodate fire, 4,170 square kilometers has lost, caused fire. Japanese authority estimated 2,165 killed, injured 9,485, 145,500 homeless. The great urban fire has worst disaster, except air bomb, earthquake fire in Japanese history.

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April

April 1 - Clyde Barrow and Bonnie Parker kill two young highway patrolmen near Grapevine, Texas.
April 6 - Rudyard Kipling and William Butler Yeats are awarded the Gothenburg Prize for Poetry.
April 14 - Black Sunday, where twenty of the worst dust storms within the Dust Bowl
April 19 - Surgeon R.K. Wilson allegedly takes a photograph of the Loch Ness Monster.
April 22 - John Dillinger and two others shoot their way out of an FBI ambush in northern Wisconsin

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May

Image:Dust Storm Texas 1935.jpg

May 11: dust storm in Great Plains.

May 7 - Pearl of Lao Tzu, 24 x 14 cm, is found in a giant clam off Palawan, Philippines.
May 11 - Dust Bowl: A strong two-day dust storm removes massive amounts of Great Plains topsoil in one of the worst dust storms of the Dust Bowl.
May 15
- The United States Department of Justice offers a $25,000 reward for John Dillinger.
- Kārlis Ulmanis establishes an authoritarian government in Latvia.
May 23 - A team of police officers, led by Texas Ranger Frank Hamer, ambush bank robbers Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow near their hide-out in Black Lake, Louisiana, killing them both.
May 24
- Tomáš Masaryk re-elected president of Czechoslovakia.
- The five-day "Battle of Toledo" occurs during the Auto-Lite strike in Toledo, Ohio.
May 28 - Near Callander, Ontario, the Dionne quintuplets are born to Oliva and Elzire Dionne, becoming the first quintuplets to survive infancy.
May 29 - May 31 - The Confessional Synod of the German Evangelical Church met in Barmen, Germany to write the Barmen Declaration.

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June

June 6 - New Deal: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs the Securities Exchange Act into law, establishing the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
June 9 - Release of the animated short The Wise Little Hen, directed by Bert Gillett for the Silly Symphonies series, featuring the debut of Donald Duck.
June 10 - Italy beat Czechoslovakia 2-1 after extra time to win the 1934 World Cup.
June 12 - Political parties banned in Bulgaria
June 14 - Max Baer defeats champion Primo Carnera for the world heavyweight boxing title.
June 18 - Indian Reorganization Act was enacted.
June 27 - Emir of Yemen and ibn Saud of Saudi Arabia conclude a peace treaty
June 30
- The Nazi SA camp Oranienburg becomes national camp, taken over by the SS.
- Night of the Long Knives - Nazis purge the SA

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July

July 1
- The world famous Brookfield Zoo opens.
- The Hays Office censorship code for motion pictures goes into full effect in the United States.
July 10 - German social democrat and author Erich Mühsam killed in Oranienburg concentration camp
July 17 - Supreme court of North Dakota declares lieutenant governor of the state, Ole H. Olson, the legitimate governor and tells William Langer to resign. Langer proceeds to declare North Dakota independent. He revokes the declaration after the Supreme Court justices meet him.
July 22 - Outside Chicago's Biograph Theatre, "Public Enemy No. 1" John Dillinger is mortally wounded by FBI agents.
July 25
- Austrian Nazis assassinate chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss during a failed coup attempt.
- Birth of Luang Por Sumedho in Seattle, Washington.

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August

August 2 - Adolf Hitler becomes Führer of Germany, becoming head of state as well as Chancellor.
August 8 - The Wehrmacht swears a personal oath of loyalty to Adolf Hitler.
August 13 - The comic strip Lil' Abner is first published.
August 19 - The first All-American Soap Box Derby is held in Dayton, Ohio.
August 25 - Anti-union vigilantes seize the town of McGuffey, Ohio, during the Hardin County onion pickers strike.

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September

September 8 - Off the New Jersey coast, a fire aboard the passenger liner Morro Castle kills 134 people.
September 19
- Soviet Union joins the League of Nations
- Bruno Richard Hauptmann arrested in connection with the Lindbergh kidnapping case.
September 21 - Typhoon in Honshū, Japan - 3036 reported killed. Mainly destroy temple, schools, and other buildings at Osaka.
September 22 - A gas explosion took place at Gresford Colliery in Wrexham, north-east Wales which led to the death of 266 miners and rescuers. This was one of the worst tragedies in Welsh mining history.
September 28
- Afghanistan joins the League of Nations
- Trial for the custody of young Gloria Vanderbilt begins. It lasts seven weeks and ends with a compromise.
September 29 - Stanley Matthews makes his England debut, beginning a record 23-year international career

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October

October 2 - Tornado in Osaka and Kyoto destroys the rice harvest - 1660 dead, 5400 injured
October 5 - Asturian miners rebel. (Asturias, Spain).
October 6 - Catalonian separatists rebel
October 9 - King Alexander of Yugoslavia and French foreign minister Louis Barthou are assassinated during the king's state visit in Marseilles.
October 16 - The Long March of Chinese communists begins.
October 22 - Charles Arthur "Pretty Boy" Floyd shot and killed by FBI agents near East Liverpool, Ohio.

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November

November 13 - Italian government decreed that teachers must use a military or party uniform in a class.
November 21
- MCC makes an ultimately controversial decision to alter the lbw rule so a batsman can be lbw to a ball pitching outside off stump. The change is later blamed for many problems developing during the 1950s - primarily negative bowling outside leg stump to a field of short-leg fieldsmen.
- Cole Porter's musical Anything Goes, starring Ethel Merman, premieres in New York City.
November 23 - An Anglo-Ethiopian boundary commission in the Ogaden discovers an Italian garrison at Walwal, which lay well within Ethiopian territory. This encounter leads to the Abyssinia Crisis.
November 26 - Universal Pictures releases the first film version of Fannie Hurst's novel, Imitation of Life, starring Claudette Colbert and Louise Beavers. It gives Beavers, who was usually featured in small roles as a maid, her best screen role, and features the largest supporting role played by a black person in a Hollywood film up till then. Its storyline is extremely daring for a 1934 film - part of it revolves around a young mulatto girl rejecting her mother and trying to "pass for white". It is the first Hollywood film to seriously deal with this subject. The 1936 film version of Show Boat, also from Universal, will deal with a similar storyline.
November 27 - A running gun battle between FBI agents and bank robber Baby Face Nelson results in the death of one FBI agent and the mortal wounding of special agent Sam Cowley, who is still able to mortally shoot Nelson.

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December

December 1 - In the Soviet Union, Politburo member Sergei Kirov is shot dead at the Communist Party headquarters in Leningrad by Leonid Nikolaev (it is widely thought that Soviet leader Joseph Stalin ordered this murder).
December 5 - Abyssinia Crisis: Ethiopian and Italian troops exchange gunfire. Reported casualties for the Ethiopians are 150, and for the Italians 50.
December 18 - Low-key fascist conference in Moreaux
December 24 - Actor Lionel Barrymore begins what will become an annual tradition of the Golden Age of Radio - playing the role of Ebenezer Scrooge in dramatizations of Charles Dickens's A Christmas Carol. Barrymore will continue playing Scrooge on radio until shortly before his death in 1954. He will also make a 78-RPM record album of the classic story, which will later be released on LP.
December 26 - American Airlines aircraft crashes in Adirondack Mountains
December 27 - Persia becomes Iran
December 29 - Japan renounces the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922 and the London Naval Treaty of 1930.