Queen (band)
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Modèle:Infobox musical artist Queen is an English rock band formed in 1970 in London by guitarist Brian May, lead vocalist Freddie Mercury and drummer Roger Taylor, with bassist John Deacon joining the following year. Queen rose to prominence during the 1970s and is one of Britain's most commercially successful bands of the past three decades.<ref>« »</ref>
The band is noted for its musical diversity, multi-layered arrangements, vocal harmonies and incorporation of audience participation into its live performances.<ref>« »</ref> Their 1985 Live Aid performance was voted the best live music performance of all time in a BBC poll.<ref>« »</ref>
Queen had moderate success in the early 1970s, with the albums Queen and Queen II, but it was with the release of Sheer Heart Attack in 1974 and A Night at the Opera the following year that the band gained international success. All of the band's studio albums reached number one on numerous charts around the world. Since 1973, they have released fifteen studio albums, five live albums, and numerous compilation albums. Estimates of the band's total worldwide record sales have been placed as high as 300 million,<ref name="OhmyNews">« »</ref> including more than 32.5 million in the United States alone.<ref name="RIAA">« »</ref> The band has also spent more collective weeks on the UK Album Charts than any other musical act, including The Beatles.<ref>« »</ref>
Following Mercury's death and Deacon's retirement in the 1990s,<ref name="bmcom_jdr"> Queen News March 2006
(HTML) . brianmay.com
.</ref> May and Taylor collaborated with Paul Rodgers, under the moniker [[Queen + Paul Rodgers]].
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History
Early days (1969–1973)
Modèle:Cquote In 1969, guitarist Brian May, a student at London's Imperial College, and bassist Tim Staffell decided to form a group. May placed an advertisement on the college notice board for a "Mitch Mitchell/Ginger Baker type" drummer; Roger Taylor, a young dental student, auditioned and got the job. They called the group Smile and served as a support act for bands such as Jimi Hendrix, Pink Floyd, Yes and the original Genesis. Smile were signed to Mercury Records in 1969, and had their first session in a recording studio in Trident Studios that year. Staffell was attending Ealing Art College with Farrokh Bulsara, later known as Freddie Mercury, and introduced him to the band. Bulsara soon became a keen fan. Staffell left in 1970 to join another band, Humpy Bong;<ref name= "queenzone1970">« »</ref> the remaining Smile members, encouraged by Bulsara, changed their name to "Queen" and continued working together.<ref name= "queenzone1970"/> The band had a number of bass players during this period who did not fit with the band's chemistry. It was not until February 1971 that they settled on John Deacon and began to rehearse for the first album.<ref>« »</ref>
In 1973, after a series of delays, Queen released their first album, a self-titled project influenced by the heavy metal and progressive rock of the day. The album was received well by critics; Gordon Fletcher of Rolling Stone said "their debut album is superb,"<ref name="rs-queen-review">« »</ref> and Chicago's Daily Herald called it an "above average debut".<ref>« »</ref> However, it drew little mainstream attention and the lead single "Keep Yourself Alive," a Brian May composition, sold poorly. Greg Prato of All Music Guide called it "one of the most underrated hard rock debuts of all time."<ref>« »</ref>
The album Queen II was released in 1974. The album reached number five on the British album charts,<ref name="bhsa">« »</ref> while the Freddie Mercury-written lead single "Seven Seas of Rhye,"<ref name="bhsa"/> reached number ten in the UK, giving the band their first hit. The album is their heaviest and darkest release,<ref>« »</ref> with long complex instrumental passages, fantasy-themed lyrics and musical virtuosity. The band toured as support to Mott the Hoople in the UK & United States during this period, and they began to gain notice for their energetic and engaging stage shows. However, album sales in the US were, like its predecessor, low.
Breakthrough era (1974–1979)
Because of medical complications, May was absent when the band started work on their third album, Sheer Heart Attack, released in 1974. The album reached number two in the United Kingdom,<ref>« »</ref> sold well throughout Europe, and went gold in the United States.<ref name="riaa - certified awards">« »</ref> It gave the band their first real taste of commercial success. The album experimented with a variety of musical genres, including British Music Hall ("Killer Queen"), heavy metal ("Flick of the Wrist", "Brighton Rock", "Tenement Funster", "Now I'm Here", and "Stone Cold Crazy" – a song which Metallica would later cover and earn a Grammy for), ballads ("Lily Of The Valley" and "Dear Friends"), ragtime ("Bring Back That Leroy Brown") and Caribbean ("Misfire"). At this point Queen started to move away from the progressive tendencies of their first two releases into a more radio-friendly, song-oriented style. Sheer Heart Attack introduced new sound and melody patterns that would be refined on their next album A Night at the Opera.
The single "Killer Queen" reached number two on the British charts,<ref name="bhsa"/> and became their first U.S. hit, reaching number twelve in the Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits.<ref name="bbtfh">« »</ref> It combines camp, vaudeville, British music hall with May's guitar virtuosity. The album's second single, "Now I'm Here", a more traditional hard rock composition, was a number eleven hit in Britain.
In 1975, the band left for a world tour with each member in Zandra Rhodes-created costumes and banks of lights and effects. They toured the US, headlining for the first time, and played in Canada for the first time in April. Also at this time, the band's manager Jim Beach negotiated the band out of their Trident contract. They considered options, one of whom was Led Zeppelin's manager, Peter Grant. Grant wanted them to sign with Led Zeppelin's own production company, Swan Song Records. This was unacceptable to Queen, so instead they contacted Elton John's manager, John Reid, who accepted the position.[citation needed] In April 1975 the band toured Japan for the first time.
Later that year the band recorded and released A Night at the Opera. At the time, it was the most expensive album ever produced.<ref>« »</ref> Like its predecessor, the album features diverse musical styles and experimentation with stereo sound. In "The Prophet's Song", an eight-minute epic, the middle section is a canon, with simple phrases layered to create a full-choral sound. The album was very successful in Britain,<ref name="bhsa"/> and went triple platinum in the United States.<ref name="riaa - certified awards"/>. It is considered their magnum opus; in 2003, it was ranked number 230 on Rolling Stone magazine's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time.<ref>The RS 500 Greatest Albums of All Time</ref>
The album also featured the hit single "Bohemian Rhapsody", which was number one in the United Kingdom for nine weeks,<ref name="bhsa"/> and is Britain's third-best-selling single of all time; it also reached number nine in the United States (a 1992 re-release reached number two).<ref name="bbtfh"/> Bohemian Rhapsody has been voted, several times, the greatest song of all time.<ref> Queen rock on in poll
. BBC News (2002-05-08)
. Retrieved on 2007-12-16. </ref><ref> 'Bohemian Rhapsody' Top Chart Topper
. CBS News (2002-11-09)
. Retrieved on 2007-12-16. </ref> The band decided to make a video to go with the single. The second single from the album, "You're My Best Friend", peaked at sixteen in the United States<ref name="bbtfh"/> and went on to become a worldwide Top Ten hit.[citation needed]
By 1976, Queen were back in the studio, where they recorded A Day at the Races, what may be mistaken simply as a companion album to A Night at the Opera.<ref>« »</ref> It again borrowed the name of a Marx Brothers' movie, and its cover was similar to that of A Night at the Opera, a variation on the same Queen Crest. Musically, the album was by both fans' and critics' standards a strong effort, and reached number one on the British charts.<ref name="bhsa"/> The major hit on the album was "Somebody to Love", a gospel-inspired song in which Mercury, May, and Taylor multi-tracked their voices to make a 100-voice gospel choir. The song went to number two in the United Kingdom,<ref name="bhsa"/> and number thirteen on the U.S. singles chart.<ref name="bbtfh"/>. The album also featured one of the band's heaviest songs, Brian May's "Tie Your Mother Down", which became a staple of their live shows.[citation needed]
Also in 1976, Queen played one of their most famous gigs, a 1976 free concert in Hyde Park, London. It set an attendance record, with 150,000 people confirmed in the audience. Some put the number closer to 180,000, and is usually reported between 150,000 and 200,000.<ref>« »</ref>
News of the World was released a year later. It contained many songs tailor-made for live performance, including "We Will Rock You" and the rock ballad "We Are the Champions", both of which reached number four in the United States and became enduring international sports anthems.<ref name="bbtfh"/> Roger Taylor released his first solo effort in 1976 in the form of a single: the A-side was a cover of a song by The Parliaments "I Wanna Testify", and the B-side was a song by Taylor called "Turn On The TV".
In 1978 the band released Jazz, including the hit singles "Fat Bottomed Girls" and "Bicycle Race" which were also released as a double-A-side single. The word "jazz" was not used in a strict sense, and the album was noted by critics for its collection of different styles, jazz not being one of them.[citation needed] Rolling Stone criticized it for being "dull", saying "Queen hasn't the imagination to play jazz – Queen hasn't the imagination, for that matter, to play rock & roll".<ref>« »</ref> The album cover was inspired by a painting on the Berlin Wall.[citation needed] Important tracks of the album include "Dead on Time", "Don't Stop Me Now", "Let Me Entertain You", and "Mustapha", in which Arabesque music is combined with heavy rock guitar.
The band's first live album, Live Killers, was released in 1979; it went platinum twice in the United States.<ref> http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php</ref> They also released the very successful single "Crazy Little Thing Called Love", a rockabilly song done in the style of Elvis Presley. The song made the top 10 in many countries, and was the band's first number one single in the United States.<ref name="bbtfh"/>
New sound and synthesizers (1980–1989)
Queen began the 1980s with The Game. It featured the singles "Crazy Little Thing Called Love" and "Another One Bites the Dust", both of which reached number one in the United States.<ref name="bbtfh"/> The album stayed number one for four weeks in the United States,<ref>« »</ref> and sold over four million copies.<ref name="riaa - certified awards"/> It was also the only album to ever top the Billboard rock, dance, and R&B charts simultaneously. The album also marked the first appearance of a synthesizer on a Queen album.
1980 also saw the release of the soundtrack Queen had recorded for Flash Gordon.
In 1981, Queen became the first major rock band to play in South American stadiums. Queen played to a total audience of 479,000 people on their South American tour, including five shows in Argentina. In October 1981, Queen performed for more than 150,000 fans at Monterrey (Estadio Universitario) and Puebla (Estadio Zaragoza), Mexico.
Also in 1981, Queen worked with David Bowie on the single "Under Pressure". The first-time collaboration with another artist was spontaneous, as Bowie happened to drop by the studio while Queen were recording.<ref>« »</ref> The band were immediately pleased with the results, but Bowie did not play the song live for several years.[citation needed] Upon its release, the song was extremely successful, reaching number one in Britain. The bass line was later used for Vanilla Ice's 1990 hit "Ice Ice Baby", prompting the threat of a lawsuit over the use of the sample. The lawsuit did not make it to court and was settled for an undisclosed amount.<ref>« »</ref>
Later that year, Queen released their first compilation album, entitled Greatest Hits, which showcased the group's highlights from 1974-1981. Taylor became the first member of the band to release his own solo album in 1981, entitled Fun In Space.
In 1982 the band released the funk album Hot Space. The band stopped touring North America after their Hot Space Tour, as their success there had waned, although they would perform on American television for the first and only time during the eighth season premiere of Saturday Night Live. Queen left Elektra Records, their label in the United States, Canada, Japan, Australia, and New Zealand, and signed onto EMI/Capitol Records.
After working steadily for over ten years, Queen decided that they would not perform any live shows in 1983. During this time, they recorded a new album, and several members of the band explored side projects and solo work. May released a mini-album entitled Star Fleet Project, on which he collaborated with Eddie Van Halen. A computer musician composer in Canada, Kevin Chamberlain, helped with vocals and background music for Freddie Mercury's solo project, which was later canceled due to creative differences.
In 1984, Queen released the album The Works, which included the successful singles "Radio Ga Ga" and "I Want to Break Free". Despite these hit singles, the album failed to do well in the United States. "Radio Ga Ga" was the band's last original Stateside Top Forty hit until 1989's "I Want It All".
Queen embarked that year on a set of dates during their The Works Tour in Bophuthatswana, South Africa at the arena at Sun City.<ref name="hotshotdigital">« »</ref> Upon returning to England, they were the subject of outrage, having played there during the height of apartheid and in violation of worldwide divestment efforts. The band stated that they were playing music for fans in that country, and stressed that the concerts were played before integrated audiences.[citation needed]
In early 1985, the band headlined two nights of the Rock in Rio festival. They were booked for January 11 and January 18, but since on both nights the band only got to the stage well past midnight, so some sources mention January 12 and January 19. On each night, they played for 325,000 people. Mercury also released his first solo album, Mr. Bad Guy, in April. At Live Aid, held at Wembley on July 13 1985, Queen performed some of their greatest hits in what has been considered their best performance to date.<ref name="BBC - Queen win greatest live gig pool">« »</ref>
Revitalized by the response to Live Aid and the resulting increase in record sales, Queen ended 1985 by releasing the single "One Vision". The song was used in the film Iron Eagle.
In early 1986, Queen recorded the album A Kind of Magic, containing several songs written for the Russell Mulcahy film Highlander. The album was very successful, producing a string of hits including the title track "A Kind of Magic", which contains the key lyrics 'There can be only one', a reference to the movie's plot; "Friends Will Be Friends", "Who Wants to Live Forever" and "Princes of the Universe".
Later that year, Queen went on a sold-out tour (the band's largest) in support of A Kind of Magic. The Magic Tour's highlight was at Wembley Stadium in London and resulted in the live double album, Queen Live At Wembley Stadium, released on CD and as a live concert film. They could not book Wembley for a third night because it was already booked, but they did play at Knebworth Park. The show sold out within two hours and over 120,000 fans packed the park for what was to be Queen's final live performance with Mercury.<ref>« »</ref> More than 1 million people saw the show – 400,000 in the United Kingdom alone, a record at the time.<ref name="hotshotdigital"/>
After working on various solo projects during 1988 (including Mercury's collaboration with Montserrat Caballé, Barcelona) the band released The Miracle in 1989. The album continued the direction of A Kind of Magic, using a pop-rock sound mixed with a few heavy numbers. It spawned the European hits "I Want It All", "Breakthru", "The Invisible Man", "Scandal", and "The Miracle".
The Miracle also began a change in direction of Queen's songwriting philosophy. Since the band's beginning, nearly all songs had been written by and credited to a single member, with other members adding minimally. With The Miracle, however, the band's songwriting became more collaborative, and they vowed to credit the final product only to Queen as a group.[citation needed]
The final albums and Mercury's death (1990–1997)
Modèle:Cquote Rumours began to spread in the tabloid press and elsewhere in 1988 that Mercury was suffering from AIDS. Although the rumours were true, Mercury flatly denied them at the time.[citation needed] However, the band decided to continue making albums free of internal conflict and differences, starting with The Miracle and continuing with 1991's Innuendo. Although his health was deteriorating, Mercury continued to contribute, working in a creative fervor.[citation needed] The band released their second Greatest Hits compilation, Greatest Hits II, in October 1991.
On 23 November 1991, in a prepared statement made on his deathbed, Mercury finally confirmed that he had AIDS. Within twenty-four hours of the announcement, Mercury died. His funeral services were private, held in accordance with the Zoroastrian religious faith of his family.
"Bohemian Rhapsody" was re-released as a single shortly after Mercury's death, with "These Are the Days of Our Lives" as the B-side. The single went to number 1 for the second time in the UK. Initial proceeds from the single – approximately £1,000,000 – were donated to the Terrence Higgins Trust.<ref name="Avert - History of HIV & AIDS in the UK">« »</ref>
On 20 April 1992, the Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert was held at London's Wembley Stadium. Performers included Lisa Stansfield, Elton John, David Bowie, Robert Plant, Tony Iommi, Annie Lennox, Axl Rose, Slash and Guns N' Roses, Extreme, Roger Daltrey, Joe Elliot, George Michael, Mick Ronson, Zucchero, James Hetfield and Liza Minnelli and Spinal Tap, along with the three remaining members of Queen, performed many of Queen's major hits. It was a successful concert that was televised to over 1 billion viewers worldwide.<ref name="hotshotdigital"/> The concert is listed in The Guinness Book of Records as "The largest rock star benefit concert."<ref>« »</ref> It raised over £20,000,000 for AIDS charities.<ref name="Avert - History of HIV & AIDS in the UK"/> Queen's popularity increased once again in the United States after "Bohemian Rhapsody" was featured in the comedy film Wayne's World, helping the song reach number two for five weeks in the United States charts in 1992. The song was made into a Wayne's World music video, with which the band and management were delighted.[citation needed]
The band also terminated their Capitol Records contract and signed a deal with Hollywood Records as their new U.S label.
Queen never actually disbanded, although their last album of original material, titled Made in Heaven, was released in 1995, four years after Mercury's death. It was constructed from Mercury's final recording sessions in 1991, plus material left over from their previous studio albums. In addition, re-worked material from Mercury's solo album Mr. Bad Guy and a track originally featured on the first album of Taylor's side-project The Cross were included. May and Taylor have often been involved in projects related to raising money for AIDS research. John Deacon's last involvement with the band was in 1997, when the band recorded the track "No-One but You (Only the Good Die Young)". It was the last original song recorded by all three remaining members of Queen, and it was released as a bonus track on the Queen Rocks compilation album later that year.
"Queen + …" projects
Several Queen + projects were developed in the following years, a few of them mere remixes with no artistic involvement from the band. In 1999, a Greatest Hits III album was released. This album featured, among others, "Queen + Wyclef Jean" on a rap version of "Another One Bites the Dust"; a live version of "Somebody to Love" by George Michael; and a live version of "The Show Must Go On", performed live in 1997 with Elton John.
Brian May and Roger Taylor performed together as Queen on several occasions (award ceremonies, charity concerts, and the like), sharing vocals with various guest singers. They also recorded several covers of Queen's hits, including "We Will Rock You" and "We Are the Champions".
In 2003, four new songs were recorded by Queen for Nelson Mandela's 46664 campaign against AIDS. The studio versions of Invincible Hope (Queen + Nelson Mandela, feat. Treana Morris), 46664 - The Call, Say It's Not True, and Amandla (Anastacia, Dave Stewart and Queen) have not yet been released on album.
Queen + Paul Rodgers
At the end of 2004, May and Taylor announced that they would reunite and return to touring in 2005, with Paul Rodgers (founder and former lead singer of Free and Bad Company). Brian May's website also stated that Rodgers would be 'featured with' Queen as [[Queen + Paul Rodgers]], not replacing the late Freddie Mercury. The retired Deacon would not be participating;<ref name="bmcom_jdr" /> Danny Miranda of Blue Öyster Cult replaced him on bass. Other members of the tour included keyboardist Spike Edney, who played guitar and keyboards in Queen live shows since 1984, and additional guitarist Jamie Moses, who began working with May on solo efforts in the early 1990s.
A live double CD album, Return of the Champions, was released on September 19 2005. It featured Paul Rodgers and was recorded live in May 2005 during the Queen + Paul Rodgers tour at the Sheffield Arena in Sheffield, England. A DVD from the concert was also released.
In March 2006, Queen + Paul Rodgers set out to tour the United States and Canada. Queen + Paul Rodgers debuted their first new song, a collaboration called "Take Love", while on the United States tour. On April 28 2006, Queen + Paul Rodgers released a second live DVD, Super Live in Japan; the show was filmed at Saitama Super Arena on October 27 2005.
On August 15 2006, Brian May confirmed through his website and fan club that Queen + Paul Rodgers would begin producing a new studio album beginning in October, to be recorded at a "secret location".<ref>« »</ref>
When "Bohemian Rhapsody" was revealed as Radio 1's most played song ever at the end of JK and Joel's last Chart Show before leaving, Roger Taylor told them via a phonelink to the studio that the band are currently halfway through the new album. It will be released sometime in 2008, with a tour to follow.
In the digital realm
In conjunction with Electronic Arts, Queen released the computer game Queen: The Eye in 1998, to commercial and critical failure. The music itself — tracks from Queen's vast catalogue, in many cases remixed into new instrumental versions — was by and large well received, but the game experience was hampered by poor game play. Adding to the problem was an extremely long development time, resulting in graphic elements that already seemed outdated by the time of release.
Under the supervision of May and Taylor, numerous restoration projects have been underway involving Queen's lengthy audio and video catalogue. DVD releases of their 1986 Wembley concert (titled Live At Wembley Stadium) and 1982 Milton Keynes concert (Queen on Fire - Live at the Bowl), and two Greatest Video Hits (Volumes 1 and 2, spanning the 1970s and 1980s) have seen the band's music remixed into 5.1 and DTS surround sound. So far, only two of the bands albums, A Night at the Opera and The Game, have been fully remixed into high-resolution multichannel surround on DVD-Audio. A Night at the Opera was re-released with some revised 5.1 mixes and accompanying videos in 2005 for the 30th anniversary of the album's original release (CD+DVD-Video set).
In the fighting game series Guilty Gear, there is a character named for each member of Queen.
In film and television
Queen contributed music directly to the movies Flash Gordon (1980, directed by Mike Hodges) and Highlander (the original 1986 film, directed by Russell Mulcahy). The theme song, "Princes of the Universe", was also used in the Highlander TV series (1992–199Image:Cool.gif.
In the United States, "Bohemian Rhapsody" was re-released as a single in 1992 after appearing in Wayne's World. The single subsequently reached number two on the US Billboard chart (with "The Show Must Go On" as the first track on the single) and helped rekindle the band's popularity in North America.
Several films have featured their songs performed by other artists. A cover of "Somebody to Love" by Anne Hathaway featured in the 2004 film Ella Enchanted. In 2006, Brittany Murphy also recorded a cover of the same song for the 2006 movie Happy Feet. In 2001, a version of "The Show Must Go On" was performed by Jim Broadbent and Nicole Kidman in the movie musical Moulin Rouge!. The closing credits of A Knight's Tale released in 2001 has a version of "We Are the Champions" performed by Robbie Williams and Queen. In 1992, the film "Gladiator" featured snippets of "We We Will Rock You" performed by Warrant whereas their full version was released as a single.
Many other films have featured their songs or sections of their songs. These include:
Keeping in the tradition (since Season five) of naming each season's episodes after songs from a famous 1970s era rock band (Led Zeppelin for the fifth season, The Who for the sixth and The Rolling Stones for the seventh), the eighth and final season of That '70s Show consisted of episodes named after Queen songs. "Bohemian Rhapsody" served as the season premiere.<ref>« »</ref>
On April 11, 2006 Queen appeared on the American singing contest television show American Idol. Each contestant was required to sing a Queen song during that week of the competition. Songs which appeared on the show included "Bohemian Rhapsody", "Fat Bottomed Girls", "The Show Must Go On", "Who Wants to Live Forever", and "Innuendo". Brian May later criticized the show for editing specific scenes,<ref>« »</ref> one which made the group's time with contestant Ace Young look negative, despite it being the opposite.
Al Murray's Happy Hour has a Queen theme, as it uses "Don't Stop Me Now" for the introduction and features guest performers along with host Al Murray singing different Queen songs each episode. The remainder of Queen did appear at the end of a series of the show.
"I Was Born to Love You" was used as the theme song of the Japanese drama Pride on Fuji Television in 2004, starring Takuya Kimura and Yūko Takeuchi. The show's soundtrack also contained other songs by Queen, including "We Will Rock You, "We Are the Champions" and "Bohemian Rhapsody".
A cover version of "I Was Born to Love You" is also featured in the fourth level of the Nintendo DS video game Elite Beat Agents as well as in an episode in Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon.
The band made tentative plans to provide material for use in " The Hotel New Hampshire" but this project was abandoned although "Keep Passing The Open Windows" (which is an important catch-phrase line in the movie) did survive.
In musical theatre
In 2002, a musical or "rock theatrical" based on the songs of Queen, titled We Will Rock You, opened at the Dominion Theatre on London's West End. The musical was written by British comedian and author Ben Elton in collaboration with Brian May and Roger Taylor, and produced by Robert De Niro. It has since been staged in Madrid and Barcelona, Spain; Melbourne, Sydney, Perth, and Brisbane, Australia; Cologne, Germany; Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; South Africa, Las Vegas United States; Zurich, Switzerland; Tokyo, Japan; Moscow, Russia; Varberg, Sweden; Auckland, New Zealand and Toronto, Canada.
The original London production was scheduled to close on Saturday, October 7, 2006 at the Dominion Theatre, but due to public demand, the show has now been extended indefinitely. We Will Rock You has become the longest running musical ever to run at this prime London theatre, overtaking the previous record holder, the Grease musical.<ref>« »</ref>
The launch of the musical coincided with Queen Elizabeth II's Golden Jubilee. As part of the Jubilee celebrations Brian May performed a guitar solo of "God Save the Queen",<ref name="brian may biography">« »</ref> as featured on Queen's A Night at the Opera, from the roof of Buckingham Palace. The recording of this performance was used as video for the same song on the 30th Anniversary DVD edition of A Night at the Opera.
Sean Bovim created "Queen at the Ballet", a tribute to Freddie Mercury, which uses Queen's music as a soundtrack for the show’s dancers, who interpret the stories behind tracks such as "Bohemian Rhapsody", "Radio Ga Ga" and "Killer Queen."
Sound and style
Queen composed music that drew inspiration from many different genres of music, often with a tongue-in-cheek attitude. Among the genres they have been associated with are: dance/disco,<ref>« »</ref> glam rock,[citation needed] hard rock,[citation needed] heavy metal,<ref name="allmusic">« »</ref> pop rock,<ref name="allmusic"/> progressive rock<ref name="allmusic"/> and psychedelic rock.<ref>« »</ref> Queen also wrote songs that were inspired by genres that are not or barely associated with rock, such as country, ragtime, opera, gospel, vaudeville and folk.
Sonic experimentation figured heavily in Queen's songs. A distinctive characteristic of Queen's music are the vocal harmonies which are usually comprised of the voices of May, Mercury and Taylor best heard on the studio albums A Night at the Opera and A Day at the Races. Some of the ground work for the development of this sound can be attributed to their former producer Roy Thomas Baker as well as their engineer Mike Stone. Besides vocal harmonies, Queen were also known for multi-tracking voices to imitate the sound of a large choir through overdubs. According to Brian May, there are over 180 vocal overdubs in "Bohemian Rhapsody".<ref>« »</ref> Many Queen songs were also written with audience participation in mind, such as "We Will Rock You" and "We Are the Champions".<ref>« »</ref>
Influence on other musicians
More recently Queen has been recognized as having made significant contributions to such genres as arena rock,[citation needed] glam rock,[citation needed] hard rock,[citation needed] heavy metal,[citation needed] pop rock and progressive rock,[citation needed] amongst others. Hence the band has been cited as an influence by many other musicians. Moreover, like their music, the collection of bands and artists that have claimed to be influenced by Queen, is diverse and span different generations, countries and genres.
Some of the musicians that have cited the band as an influence include: Anthrax, Ben Folds Five,<ref>« »</ref> Boston, Blind Guardian,<ref>« »</ref> Kurt Cobain<ref>« »</ref> Def Leppard,<ref>« »</ref>, The Darkness, Extreme,<ref>« »</ref> Foo Fighters, The Germs, The Go Go's, Davey Havok, The Killers,<ref>« »</ref> Steve Vai,<ref>« »</ref> Guns N' Roses,<ref>« »</ref>Helloween,<ref>Helloween cover Queen's song 'Sheer Heart Attack' of 'News of the World' album (Blabbermouth Helloween bassist interview)</ref>Iron Maiden,<ref>Queen, 50 greatest songs as voted for by Maiden, Priest, Kiss, etc... (Classic Rock magazine-Queen tribute)</ref>Judas Priest,<ref>Queen, 50 greatest songs as voted for by Maiden, Priest, Kiss, etc... (Classic Rock magazine-Queen tribute)</ref>Kansas,<ref>« »</ref> Manic Street Preachers, Metallica,<ref>« »</ref> George Michael, Marilyn Manson, Kaiser Chiefs, Muse, Mika,<ref>« »</ref>Nine Inch Nails, Panic! at the Disco, Radiohead, The Smashing Pumpkins, Switches, Max Cavalera,<ref>« »</ref><ref>« »</ref> Styx,<ref>« »</ref>, Sweet,<ref>« »</ref> Dragonforce, My Chemical Romance and Cesare Cremonini; amongst others.
Michael Jackson was a friend of Mercury's in the early 1980s and cited the Hot Space album as a driving influence behind the making of his 1982 album Thriller on which Mercury was originally scheduled to appear.<ref name="Jackson">« »</ref> Queen have also been cited as a major influence on the "neo-classical metal" genre by Swedish-American guitarist Yngwie Malmsteen.<ref>« »</ref> "Stone Cold Crazy", from 1974's Sheer Heart Attack album, is often cited as an early precursor of the speed- or thrash metal subgenre.<ref>« »</ref> Metallica recorded a cover version of the song, which first appeared on the "Rubaiyat — Electra's 40th Anniversary" album in 1990, and won the Grammy Award for Best Metal Performance in 1991. In the early '70s, Queen helped spur the heavy metal genre's evolution by discarding much of its blues influence;<ref>Queen,first non-blues based heavy metal band (Rolling Stone magazine Dec 1973)</ref><ref>Queen, 50 greatest songs as voted for by Maiden, Priest, Kiss, etc... (Classic Rock magazine-Queen tribute)</ref>the New Wave of British Heavy Metal followed in a similar vein, fusing the music with a punk rock sensibility and an increasing emphasis on speed.
Historical success
As of 2005, according to The Guinness Book of World Records, Queen albums have spent a total of 1,322 weeks or twenty-seven years on the United Kingdom album charts; more time than any other musical act including The Beatles and Elvis Presley.<ref>« »</ref> Also in 2005, with the release of their live album with Paul Rodgers, Queen moved into third place on the list of acts with the most aggregate time spent on the British record charts.<ref>« »</ref>
In 2006, the Greatest Hits album was found to be the United Kingdom's all-time best selling album, with sales upwards of 5,407,587 copies, over 604,295 more copies than its nearest competitor, The Beatles' Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band. Their Greatest Hits II album came in seventh with sales upwards of 3,631,321 copies.<ref>« »</ref> In January 2007, their Greatest Hits I & II was the #1 most downloaded album on iTunes in North America.<ref>« »</ref>
One of rock's most successful, influential and popular acts, the band have released a total of eighteen number one albums, eighteen number one singles, and ten number one DVDs worldwide making them one of the world's best-selling music artists. They have sold over 300 million albums[citation needed] and 180 million singles[citation needed] worldwide including 32.5 million albums in the United States alone as of 2004.<ref name="RIAA"/> The band are also the only group in which every member has composed more than one chart-topping single.<ref name="Songwriters Hall of Fame">« »</ref>
Accolades
Inductions
- 2001 - The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in Cleveland, Ohio.<ref>« »</ref>
- 2002 - The band was given a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.<ref>« »</ref>
- 2003 - The band became the first and remain the only band to be inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame.<ref name="Songwriters Hall of Fame"/>
- 2004 - The band was inducted into the UK Music Hall of Fame.<ref>« »</ref>
- 2004 - "Bohemian Rhapsody" is inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame.<ref>« »</ref>
- 2004 - The band was inducted into the RockWalk of Fame (at Guitar Center on Hollywood's Sunset Boulevard)<ref>« »</ref>
- 2006 - The band was the first inducted into the VH1 Rock Honors.<ref>« »</ref>
Awards
- 1974
- Sounds: 3rd Best New British Band, 9th Best International Band
- Disc: 10th Brightest Hope
- NME: 2nd Most Promising New Name
- 1975
- Melody Maker: 'Band of the Year'<ref name="rocknet">« »</ref>
- Record Mirror: 2nd Best British Newcomer, 2nd Best Single ("Killer Queen"), 9th International Group
- NME: 8th Best British Group, 7th Best Stage Band, 4th Most Promising Group In The World, 3rd Most Promising New Name, 17th Best World Group
- Disc: Top Live Band, Top International Group, Top British Group, Top Single ("Killer Queen"), 3rd Best Album (Sheer Heart Attack), 5th Best Album (Queen II)
- Ivor Novello Award to Mercury for "Killer Queen"<ref name="Knitting Circle">« »</ref>
- Golden Lion Award (Belgium) to Mercury for "Killer Queen"
- Carl Allen Award for contribution to the Ballroom Dancing Industry
- 1976
- NME: 1st British Stage Band, 2nd Group, 5th World Group, 3rd World Stage Band, Mercury: 7th World Singer, May: 3rd Top Guitarist, 1st British Single ("Bohemian Rhapsody"), 2nd Album ("A Night at the Opera")
- Record Mirror / Disc: 1st Best British Group, 1st World Group, No. 1 Single ("Bohemian Rhapsody"), No. 6 Album ("A Night at the Opera"), Mercury: 5th British Singer, 6th World Singer, 4th British Songwriter, 5th World Songwriter, May: 4th British Musician, 4th World Musician
- Sound: Best Band, Best Album (A Night at the Opera), Best Single ("Bohemian Rhapsody")<ref>« »</ref>
- Ivor Novello Award to Mercury for "Bohemian Rhapsody"<ref name="Knitting Circle"/>
- 1977
- Brittania Award: Best British Single of the Last 25 Years ("Bohemian Rhapsody")<ref>« »</ref>
- Europe One Radio: Most Potential Rock Band
- Daily Mail: Best Group
- 1979
- Music Life, Japan: Top Group, Top Album (Jazz), Top Single, Top Singer, Top Guitarist, Top Drummer, Top Bass Player
- 1980
- Juno Awards, Canada: Best Group, Best International Single ("Another One Bites the Dust"), Best International Album (The Game)
- Record World USA: Top Male Group, Top Producer, Top Disco Crossover (All awarded for "Another One Bites the Dust")
- Dick Clarke Awards USA: Best Band
- Circus Magazine USA: 2nd Best Group, 1st Live Show, No. 1 Album (The Game), No. 1 Single ("Another One Bites the Dust"), No.3 Single ("Crazy Little Thing Called Love"), Mercury: 2nd Male Vocalist, 3rd Best Songwriter, 3rd Best Keyboard Player; 3rd Best Guitarist, 3rd Best Bassist, 3rd Best Drummer
- 1981
- American Music Awards: 'Favorite Pop/Rock Single' ("Another One Bites the Dust")<ref name="rocknet"/>
- Music Life, Japan: Best Group, Best Vocalist, Best Bass Player, 2nd Best Guitarist, 2nd Drummer
- NARM Award USA: Biggest Selling Single of 1980 ("Another One Bites the Dust")
- 1984
- Nordoff-Robbins Music Therapy Silver Clef Award: Outstanding Contribution to British Music
- UK Video Awards: Highly Commended in Best Compilation Category for The Works EP. Best Video award for "Radio Ga Ga"
- 1986
- Daily Mirror Reader's Poll: Top British Group, Top Male Vocalist, 5th Best Album (A Kind of Magic)
- Daily Express: Best Album Cover Award (A Kind of Magic)
- British Video Awards: Top Music Video Award (Live In Rio)
- 1987
- Sun: Best Male Vocalist for Mercury
- Capital Radio London: Best Group
- Ivor Novello Award: for Outstanding Contribution to British Music
- British Video Awards: Best Video, Music category for "Live In Budapest"
- 1988
- Golden Rose Festival, Montreux: International Music Media Conference: Best Long Form Video worldwide (The Magic Years)
- Festerio, Rio De Janiero: Best video documentary (The Magic Years)
- 1989
- Independent Television Awards: Best Band of the Eighties
- US Film & Video Festival: Silver Screen Award (The Magic Years)
- Diamond Awards, Antwerp: Best Special Effects Award ("The Invisible Man")
- 1990
- Brit Awards: Outstanding Contribution to Music<ref name="Knitting Circle"/>
- 1991
- American Film & Video Festival, Chicago: Innuendo won 1st Prize, I'm Going Slightly Mad won 3rd Prize for Creative Excellence in the Art Culture and Performing Arts category
- Monitor Awards (International Teleproduction Society), New York City: Best Achievement in Music Video ("Innuendo")
- 1992
- Brit Awards: Mercury received a posthumous Outstanding Contribution To Music Award, Best Single Award ("These Are the Days of Our Lives";).<ref name="IMDB">« »</ref>
- Ivor Novello Award: Best Single ("These Are the Days of Our Lives"), May received a Best TV Commercial Music Award ("Driven By You")
- Golden Giraffe Award: Greatest Hits II (Award given by the Association of Hungarian Record Producers)
- MTV Awards: Best Video From A Movie (Wayne's World)
- US Film & Video Festival, Chicago: Gold Camera Awards (The Freddie Mercury Tribute), (Greatest Flix II), ("The Show Must Go On") ("These Are the Days of Our Lives")
- 1993
- Ivor Novello Award: to Mercury ("Living on My Own") (posthumous)
- American Society Of Composers, Authors & Publishers: Mercury posthumously awarded for "Bohemian Rhapsody" as the Most Played Record in the U.S. of 1993
- Monitor Awards, Hollywood: "Red Couch" Awards (Greatest Flix II and "I'm Going Slightly Mad")
- 1997
- Ivor Novello Award: Best Song Lyrically & Musically ("Too Much Love Will Kill You")
- 2001
- Golden Rose Film Festival, Montreux: Prix de la Presse (The Freddie Mercury Untold Story)
- 2002
- New York Film Festival: Gold World Medal for the Best Television and Entertainment Program (Variety Special Section), Gold World Medal for the Best Home Video (Music Video Section) for The Freddie Mercury Untold Story
- Capital FM Awards: Outstanding Contribution to Music
- Guinness World Records: UK’s best single of the past 50 years ("Bohemian Rhapsody")
- Annual DVD Awards: Best DVD-Audio/Non Video (A Night at the Opera)
- Surround Music Awards: "Most Adventurous Mix" and "Listener's Choice" (A Night at the Opera)
- 2003
- Annual DVD Awards: Best DVD-Audio (The Game)
- DVD Awards At The Universal Sheraton: DVD-Audio Of The Year (The Game)
- Capital Legends Awards: Legendary Group
- European Music DVD-Award: Best Live DVD (Live At Wembley Stadium)
- Surround Music Award: "Best Mix: Non-Orchestral" (The Game)
Polls
- 1999 - The band was voted the 2nd greatest band in music history.<ref>« »</ref>
- 2005 - The band's performance at Live Aid is voted two times by a large selection of musicians and critics to be the greatest live show of all time.<ref name="BBC - Queen win greatest live gig pool"/>
- 2007 - The band was voted the 'Best British Band Of All Time.'<ref>« »</ref>
Logo
The Queen logo, also known as the Queen Crest, was designed by Mercury (who gained a diploma in Illustration and Graphic Design from Ealing Art College in London) shortly before the release of their first album. The logo features the zodiac signs of all four members: two lions for Leo (Deacon and Taylor), a crab for Cancer (May), and two fairies for Virgo (Mercury).<ref name="IMDB"/> The lions are embracing a stylized letter Q, the crab is resting atop the Q with flames rising directly above it, and the fairies are each sheltering below a lion. There is also a crown inside the Q and the whole logo is over-shadowed by an enormous phoenix. The whole symbol bears a passing resemblance to the Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom, particularly with the lion supporters. The original logo, as found on the reverse-side of the first album cover, was a simple line drawing but more intricate colour versions were used on later album covers.
Song samples
- Sheer Heart Attack
- News of the World
Discography
References
Further reading
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External links
- Official web site
- Queen Concerts
- Queen Archives - interviews, reviews, articles
- Queenpedia
- Queenzone.com
- QueenCuttings.com
- Queen: videos about "Bohemian Rhapsody"
- Modèle:MusicBrainz artist
- [Queen Catégorie Arts/Music/Bands_and_Artists/Q/Queen] de l’annuaire dmoz.
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